Journal of Vision最新文献_第10页

Inter-individual variability (but intra-individual stability) of overt versus covert rehearsal strategies in a digital Corsi task. 数字柯西任务中公开与隐蔽预演策略的个体间差异性（但个体内稳定性）。

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.8.2

Lílian de Sardenberg Schmid, Gregor Hardiess

{"title":"Inter-individual variability (but intra-individual stability) of overt versus covert rehearsal strategies in a digital Corsi task.","authors":"Lílian de Sardenberg Schmid, Gregor Hardiess","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.8.2","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.8.2","url":null,"abstract":"The Corsi (block-tapping) paradigm is a classic and well-established visuospatial working memory task in humans involving internal computations (memorizing of item sequences, organizing and updating the memorandum, and recall processes), as well as both overt and covert shifts of attention to facilitate rehearsal, serving to maintain the Corsi sequences during the retention phase. Here, we introduce a novel digital version of a Corsi task in which i) the difficulty of the memorandum (using sequence lengths ranging from 3 to 8) was controlled, ii) the execution of overt and/or covert attention as well as the visuospatial working memory load during the retention phase was manipulated, and iii) shifts of attention were quantified in all experimental phases. With this, we present behavioral data that demonstrate, characterize, and classify the individual effects of overt and covert strategies used as a means of encoding and rehearsal. In a full within-subject design, we tested 28 participants who had to solve three different Corsi conditions. While in condition A neither of the two strategies were restricted, in condition B the overt and in condition C the overt as well as the covert strategies were suppressed. Analyzing Corsi span, (eye) exploration index, and pupil size (change), data clearly show a continuum between overt and covert strategies over all participants (indicating inter-individual variability). Further, all participants showed stable strategy choice (indicating intra-individual stability), meaning that the preferred strategy was maintained in all three conditions, phases, and sequence lengths of the experiment.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 8","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11305427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contribution of low-level motion to position shifts. 低水平运动对位置移动的影响。

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.8.13

Donald I A MacLeod, Patrick Cavanagh, Stuart Anstis

引用次数: 0

Influence of frame and probe paths on the frame effect. 框架和探针路径对框架效应的影响。

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.7.11

Stuart Anstis, Patrick Cavanagh

引用次数: 0

Super recognizers: Increased sensitivity or reduced biases? Insights from serial dependence. 超级识别器：提高灵敏度还是减少偏差？序列依赖性的启示

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.7.13

Fiammetta Marini, Mauro Manassi, Meike Ramon

{"title":"Super recognizers: Increased sensitivity or reduced biases? Insights from serial dependence.","authors":"Fiammetta Marini, Mauro Manassi, Meike Ramon","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.7.13","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.7.13","url":null,"abstract":"Super recognizers (SRs) are people that exhibit a naturally occurring superiority for processing facial identity. Despite the increase of SR research, the mechanisms underlying their exceptional abilities remain unclear. Here, we investigated whether the enhanced facial identity processing of SRs could be attributed to the lack of sequential effects, such as serial dependence. In serial dependence, perception of stimulus features is assimilated toward stimuli presented in previous trials. This constant error in visual perception has been proposed as a mechanism that promotes perceptual stability in everyday life. We hypothesized that an absence of this constant source of error in SRs could account for their superior processing-potentially in a domain-general fashion. We tested SRs (n = 17) identified via a recently proposed diagnostic framework (Ramon, 2021) and age-matched controls (n = 20) with two experiments probing serial dependence in the face and shape domains. In each experiment, observers were presented with randomly morphed face identities or shapes and were asked to adjust a face's identity or a shape to match the stimulus they saw. We found serial dependence in controls and SRs alike, with no difference in its magnitude across groups. Interestingly, we found that serial dependence impacted the performance of SRs more than that of controls. Taken together, our results show that enhanced face identity processing skills in SRs cannot be attributed to the lack of serial dependence. Rather, serial dependence, a beneficial nested error in our visual system, may in fact further stabilize the perception of SRs and thus enhance their visual processing proficiency.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 7","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11271810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When knowing the activity is not enough to predict gaze. 当了解活动不足以预测凝视时。

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.7.6

Andrea Ghiani, Daan Amelink, Eli Brenner, Ignace T C Hooge, Roy S Hessels

{"title":"When knowing the activity is not enough to predict gaze.","authors":"Andrea Ghiani, Daan Amelink, Eli Brenner, Ignace T C Hooge, Roy S Hessels","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.7.6","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.7.6","url":null,"abstract":"It is reasonable to assume that where people look in the world is largely determined by what they are doing. The reasoning is that the activity determines where it is useful to look at each moment in time. Assuming that it is vital to accurately judge the positions of the steps when navigating a staircase, it is surprising that people differ a lot in the extent to which they look at the steps. Apparently, some people consider the accuracy of peripheral vision, predictability of the step size, and feeling the edges of the steps with their feet to be good enough. If so, occluding part of the view of the staircase and making it more important to place one's feet gently might make it more beneficial to look directly at the steps before stepping onto them, so that people will more consistently look at many steps. We tested this idea by asking people to walk on staircases, either with or without a tray with two cups of water on it. When carrying the tray, people walked more slowly, but they shifted their gaze across steps in much the same way as they did when walking without the tray. They did not look at more steps. There was a clear positive correlation between the fraction of steps that people looked at when walking with and without the tray. Thus, the variability in the extent to which people look at the steps persists when one makes walking on the staircase more challenging.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 7","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11238878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Illusory light drives pupil responses in primates. 虚幻光线驱动灵长类动物的瞳孔反应。

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.7.14

Jean-Baptiste Durand, Sarah Marchand, Ilyas Nasres, Bruno Laeng, Vanessa De Castro

{"title":"Illusory light drives pupil responses in primates.","authors":"Jean-Baptiste Durand, Sarah Marchand, Ilyas Nasres, Bruno Laeng, Vanessa De Castro","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.7.14","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.7.14","url":null,"abstract":"In humans, the eye pupils respond to both physical light sensed by the retina and mental representations of light produced by the brain. Notably, our pupils constrict when a visual stimulus is illusorily perceived brighter, even if retinal illumination is constant. However, it remains unclear whether such perceptual penetrability of pupil responses is an epiphenomenon unique to humans or whether it represents an adaptive mechanism shared with other animals to anticipate variations in retinal illumination between successive eye fixations. To address this issue, we measured the pupil responses of both humans and macaque monkeys exposed to three chromatic versions (cyan, magenta, and yellow) of the Asahi brightness illusion. We found that the stimuli illusorily perceived brighter or darker trigger differential pupil responses that are very similar in macaques and human participants. Additionally, we show that this phenomenon exhibits an analogous cyan bias in both primate species. Beyond evincing the macaque monkey as a relevant model to study the perceptual penetrability of pupil responses, our results suggest that this phenomenon is tuned to ecological conditions because the exposure to a \"bright cyan-bluish sky\" may be associated with increased risks of dazzle and retinal damages.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 7","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11271809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"Warm," "cool," and the colors. "暖色"、"冷色 "和颜色。

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.7.5

Jan J Koenderink, Andrea J van Doorn, Doris I Braun

引用次数: 0

Instruction alters the influence of allocentric landmarks in a reach task. 教学改变了伸手任务中分配中心地标的影响。

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.7.17

Lina Musa, Xiaogang Yan, J Douglas Crawford

{"title":"Instruction alters the influence of allocentric landmarks in a reach task.","authors":"Lina Musa, Xiaogang Yan, J Douglas Crawford","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.7.17","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.7.17","url":null,"abstract":"Allocentric landmarks have an implicit influence on aiming movements, but it is not clear how an explicit instruction (to aim relative to a landmark) influences reach accuracy and precision. Here, 12 participants performed a task with two instruction conditions (egocentric vs. allocentric) but with similar sensory and motor conditions. Participants fixated gaze near the center of a display aligned with their right shoulder while a target stimulus briefly appeared alongside a visual landmark in one visual field. After a brief mask/memory delay the landmark then reappeared at a different location (same or opposite visual field), creating an ego/allocentric conflict. In the egocentric condition, participants were instructed to ignore the landmark and point toward the remembered location of the target. In the allocentric condition, participants were instructed to remember the initial target location relative to the landmark and then reach relative to the shifted landmark (same or opposite visual field). To equalize motor execution between tasks, participants were instructed to anti-point (point to the visual field opposite to the remembered target) on 50% of the egocentric trials. Participants were more accurate and precise and quicker to react in the allocentric condition, especially when pointing to the opposite field. We also observed a visual field effect, where performance was worse overall in the right visual field. These results suggest that, when egocentric and allocentric cues conflict, explicit use of the visual landmark provides better reach performance than reliance on noisy egocentric signals. Such instructions might aid rehabilitation when the egocentric system is compromised by disease or injury.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 7","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11290568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141789580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

TORONTO: A trial-oriented multidimensional psychometric testing algorithm. 多伦多：以试验为导向的多维心理测试算法。

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.7.2

Runjie Bill Shi, Moshe Eizenman, Leo Yan Li-Han, Willy Wong

{"title":"TORONTO: A trial-oriented multidimensional psychometric testing algorithm.","authors":"Runjie Bill Shi, Moshe Eizenman, Leo Yan Li-Han, Willy Wong","doi":"10.1167/jov.24.7.2","DOIUrl":"10.1167/jov.24.7.2","url":null,"abstract":"Bayesian adaptive methods for sensory threshold determination were conceived originally to track a single threshold. When applied to the testing of vision, they do not exploit the spatial patterns that underlie thresholds at different locations in the visual field. Exploiting these patterns has been recognized as key to further improving visual field test efficiency. We present a new approach (TORONTO) that outperforms other existing methods in terms of speed and accuracy. TORONTO generalizes the QUEST/ZEST algorithm to estimate simultaneously multiple thresholds. After each trial, without waiting for a fully determined threshold, the trial-oriented approach updates not only the location currently tested but also all other locations based on patterns in a reference data set. Since the availability of reference data can be limited, techniques are developed to overcome this limitation. TORONTO was evaluated using computer-simulated visual field tests: In the reliable condition (false positive [FP] = false negative [FN] = 3%), the median termination and root mean square error (RMSE) of TORONTO was 153 trials and 2.0 dB, twice as fast with equal accuracy as ZEST. In the FP = FN = 15% condition, TORONTO terminated in 151 trials and was 2.2 times faster than ZEST with better RMSE (2.6 vs. 3.7 dB). In the FP = FN = 30% condition, TORONTO achieved 4.2 dB RMSE in 148 trials, while all other techniques had > 6.5 dB RMSE and terminated much slower. In conclusion, TORONTO is a fast and accurate algorithm for determining multiple thresholds under a wide range of reliability and subject conditions.","PeriodicalId":49955,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vision","volume":"24 7","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11221609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141494079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bi-exponential description for different forms of refractive development. 不同屈光发育形式的双指数描述。

IF 2 4区心理学

Journal of Vision Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1167/jov.24.7.3

Arezoo Farzanfar, Jos J Rozema

引用次数: 0