{"title":"\"Aha, so that's how it's done!\" - parents' voices on an early language and literacy intervention.","authors":"Hanna Dyne, Ulrika Bergsten, Emilia Carlsson","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2024.2304139","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14015439.2024.2304139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The early intervention <i>Språkstart Halland</i> targets children aged 0-3 years. During home visits at 6 and 11 months, library staff deliver gift-packs containing books, toys, songs, and rhymes to promote early language stimulation. Parents are encouraged to engage in 'talk, play, sing, read' activities to support language development. The aim of the present study was to examine parents' experiences of the 6- and 11-month visits and develop an understanding of their general impressions and thoughts regarding the perceived impact of the visits. Parents (<i>n</i> = 15) were interviewed in four focus groups and two one-on-one interviews. Data was analysed using qualitative content analysis. The findings show that the intervention changed the parents' mindset and increased their knowledge regarding early language stimulation. Tools and strategies benefitting the parent-child interaction were gained. A positive experience and personal guidance created motivation for the parents to carry out the language stimulating activities after the visit. Social gains were described. The findings imply usefulness of the intervention in supporting children's language and literacy development.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Listening effort, fatigue, and streamed voice quality during online university courses.","authors":"Ayşe İlayda Mutlu, Mustafa Yüksel","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2024.2317789","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14015439.2024.2317789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the impact of listening effort (LE) and fatigue has become increasingly crucial in optimizing the learning experience with the growing prevalence of online classrooms as a mode of instruction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the LE, fatigue, and voice quality experienced by students during online and face-to-face class sessions. A total of 110 participants with an average age of 20.76 (range 18-28) comprising first year undergraduate students in Speech and Language Therapy and Audiology programs in Turkey, rated their LE during the 2022-2023 spring semester using the Listening Effort Screening Questionnaire (LESQ) and assessed their fatigue with the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20). Voice quality of lecturers was assessed using smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS) measurements. Data were collected from both online and face-to-face sessions. The results revealed that participants reported increased LE and fatigue during online sessions compared to face-to-face sessions and the differences were statistically significant. Correlation analysis showed significant relationships (<i>p</i> < 0.05) between audio-video streaming quality and LE-related items in the LESQ, as well as MFI sub-scales and total scores. The findings revealed a relationship between an increased preference for face-to-face classrooms and higher levels of LE and fatigue, emphasizing the significance of these factors in shaping the learning experience. CPPS measurements indicated a dysphonic voice quality during online classroom audio streaming. These findings highlight the challenges of online classes in terms of increased LE, fatigue, and voice quality issues. Understanding these factors is crucial for improving online instruction and student experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":" ","pages":"11-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sofia Holmqvist-Jämsén, Daniel Fellman, Greta Öhlund Wistbacka, Jonna Kuuskoski, Miia Ruuskanen, Alma Zenger, Jemima Rantanen, Susanna Simberg
{"title":"Screen11: validating a screening instrument for voice disorders in accordance with the COSMIN framework.","authors":"Sofia Holmqvist-Jämsén, Daniel Fellman, Greta Öhlund Wistbacka, Jonna Kuuskoski, Miia Ruuskanen, Alma Zenger, Jemima Rantanen, Susanna Simberg","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2024.2330967","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14015439.2024.2330967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Although numerous patient-reported outcome measures have been developed and validated to quantify the impact of voice problems on different aspects of life, to our knowledge no screening instrument exists that specifically captures voice disorders in a retrospective fashion. The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties and diagnostic validity of a retrospective voice screening method, <i>Screen11,</i> according to the COSMIN framework for health-related, patient-reported outcome measures. The items in Screen11 have been used to establish the prevalence of voice disorders in both general and occupation-specific populations in the Nordic countries. However, the instrument has not been validated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The voice patient group (<i>n</i> = 54) in this study comprised of patients from the Turku University Central Hospital phoniatric outpatient clinic seeking help for their voice problems. For these voice patients, we recruited voice-healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 61) who matched in terms of gender, age, and occupation. The participants responded to the Screen11 questionnaire along with the VHI and the VAPP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the initial exploratory factor analysis showed that all the Screen11 items loaded on a common underlying latent factor. Furthermore, Screen11 had high internal consistency (α = .93) and correlated sufficiently with other voice questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicate that Screen11, which screens for possible voice disorders at an early stage, was successfully validated. With respect to its diagnostic validity, the Screen11 sum score is preferable. A threshold of ≥ 15 should be used for differentiating patients with possible voice disorders from those with healthy voices.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":" ","pages":"19-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140307590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of sound field amplification systems on vocal demand response in teachers during lessons.","authors":"Baiba Trinite, Dina Barute","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2023.2208669","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14015439.2023.2208669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Sound pressure level (SPL), fundamental frequency (F<sub>0</sub>), time dose (D<sub>t</sub>), cycle dose (D<sub>c</sub>), and distance dose (D<sub>d</sub>) are components affecting a vocal demand response. The study aimed to investigate the impact of sound field amplification systems (SFAS) on teachers' vocal parameters and determine the user comfort of SFAS use in teachers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty female teachers underwent long-term voice dosimetry with Vocal Holter Med (PR.O.Voice Srl) during everyday teaching activities. The SFAS PentaClassRuna (Certes) was installed in classrooms. Voice dosimetry was provided in two different acoustical conditions-without the use of SFAS (one to two days) and with SFAS (one to three days). Teachers underwent voice acoustic and laryngoscopic evaluation before voice dosimetry. Two teachers' groups were formed: teachers with and without vocal nodules. The visual analogue scale measured the user comfort of SFAS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences in vocal parameters and vocal doses between teachers with and without vocal nodules. Voice amplification significantly decreased average <i>F</i><sub>0</sub>(-4.4 Hz), D<sub>t%</sub>(-3.1%), D<sub>c</sub> (-0.4 kcycles), and D<sub>d</sub> (-1.3 m) in teachers without vocal nodules and <i>F</i><sub>0</sub> (-8.9 Hz) in teachers with vocal nodules. Vocal doses (D<sub>t%</sub>, D<sub>c</sub>, D<sub>d</sub>) significantly decreased in classrooms with longer reverberation time. The user comfort of the SFAS during the lessons was high in both teachers groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SFAS was a mediator between the classroom's environment and the teacher's vocal demand response; it changed teachers' voice production parameters and reduced vocal demand response to satisfy the communication requirements. In addition, voice amplification was more beneficial for teachers without vocal fold lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":" ","pages":"157-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9425647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erennio Natale, Marco Fantini, Andrea Lovato, Franco Fussi, Francesco Stomeo, Cosimo De Filippis
{"title":"Immediate effects of the semi-occluded bubble mask technique using VocalFeel® device as vocal warm-up in singers.","authors":"Erennio Natale, Marco Fantini, Andrea Lovato, Franco Fussi, Francesco Stomeo, Cosimo De Filippis","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2024.2303647","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14015439.2024.2303647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aims at investigating the immediate effects of the Semi-Occluded Bubble Mask Technique (SOBM) performed with the device VocalFeel® as a vocal warm-up in a group of professional singers.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A randomized controlled study was carried out.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-four vocally healthy professional singers were randomly divided into two groups on recruitment: an experimental group and a control group. The same vocal warm-up exercise was performed by the experimental group with the SOMB technique and by the control group without semi-occlusion. Self assessments, acoustic analysis and aerodynamic analysis of Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flows (PNIF) and Peak Oral Inspiratory Flows (POIF) were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant improvements after the SOBM technique were detected in the experimental group concerning some acoustic parameters (Jitt%; Shimm%) and aerodynamic measures (PNIF and POIF). No significant improvements after the warm-up exercise were observed in the control group. Significant differences between the experimental and the control group were found for ΔJitt%, ΔShimm%, ΔNHR, ΔPOIF and self assessments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of the present study support the efficacy of a vocal warm-up performed with the SOBM technique using VocalFeel® device in terms of acoustic quality, aerodynamic measures and perceived phonatory comfort in professional singers.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":" ","pages":"207-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139547484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Lucas Picanço Marchand, Lucas Sávio Rodrigues Carvalho, Diego de Souza Leal, Sheila Gonçalves Câmara, Mauriceia Cassol
{"title":"Fear of public speaking: the effects of a communicational improvement training on physiological parameters and the perception of communication.","authors":"Daniel Lucas Picanço Marchand, Lucas Sávio Rodrigues Carvalho, Diego de Souza Leal, Sheila Gonçalves Câmara, Mauriceia Cassol","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2024.2303633","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14015439.2024.2303633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Presentations to audiences are often seen as challenging by university students, causing physiological reactivity on cortisol levels and heart rate, for example. Many students perceive that they have difficulties expressing themselves or do not consider themselves to be good communicators. With the thought that efficient communication is able to bring well-being and more confidence, it is understood that a communication skills training could mitigate adverse effects on the body during public speaking. This study aimed to verify whether a communicational improvement training can improve physiological parameters and perception when speaking in public among university students. This was a prospective, blinded, controlled, and randomized trial. Students from colleges and universities were recruited for this study. Invitations were either in person or <i>via</i> social networks and/or e-mail. There were 39 university students who completed the tasks, ages between 18 and 30. There were two groups: the intervention group (IG) and control group (CG). The intervention group participated in a communicational improvement program for six weeks to work on breathing, articulation, speech rhythm, pneumophonoarticulatory coordination, expressiveness and non-verbal communication. Data of heart rate measures, salivary cortisol analysis, self-perception of public speaking, and presentation ratings were collected. The intervention group presented with lower heart rates and cortisol levels, better presentation ratings, and higher self-perception of public speaking than the control group after participating in the communication improvement training. In this study it was possible to verify the efficiency of a communicational improvement training, being able to improve cortisol levels, heart rate, and perception when speaking in public in university students. Based on the results presented, new studies are suggested: (a) measuring the individual effect of the workshops demonstrated here and (b) comparing this type of intervention with other types of treatment used in the health area (medication, psychotherapeutic, holistic, etc.).</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":" ","pages":"197-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139472632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of action observation training on the oral phase of swallowing in children with cerebral palsy: a pilot randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Maryam Mokhlesin, Fariba Yadegari, Mehdi Noroozi, Aida Ravarian, Zahra Sadat Ghoreishi","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2023.2300081","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14015439.2023.2300081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Swallowing disorder is prevalent in children with cerebral palsy (CP), and previous studies have shown that motor-based programs benefit children with CP by facilitating motor learning. We hypothesized that action observation training (AOT) could enhance motor learning and improve the oral phase of swallowing in children. In this two-group parallel double-blind randomized controlled trial, the intervention group received AOT and sensorimotor therapy, while the control group received a sham and sensorimotor therapy. The function of the oral phase of swallowing, as the primary outcome, was measured pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at one month of follow-up. Secondary outcomes included reported symptoms of feeding problems and the impact of the child's swallowing disorder on the main caregiver, which were measured pre-intervention and post-intervention. The result of the Mann-Whitney U test showed a significant difference between the two groups in the function of the oral phase of swallowing after the intervention. Additionally, the intervention had a large effect size. However, no significant difference was found in the parent-reported scores of the feeding/swallowing impact survey and symptoms of feeding problems between the two groups. In conclusion, this pilot study provides preliminary evidence of the clinical efficacy of AOT as a safe neurorehabilitation method to improve the oral phase of swallowing in children with CP. However more studies are needed in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":" ","pages":"188-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139693347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HaKyung Kim, XiaoXi Kang, Xiao Lang, WenSheng Zhao, Tong Ge, JingWen Sun, Bin Yi, QingSu Zhang, ShaoHua Gao
{"title":"Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of vocal fatigue index (VFI) to Chinese language.","authors":"HaKyung Kim, XiaoXi Kang, Xiao Lang, WenSheng Zhao, Tong Ge, JingWen Sun, Bin Yi, QingSu Zhang, ShaoHua Gao","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2023.2271569","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14015439.2023.2271569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to translate the Vocal Fatigue Index (VFI) into Simplified Chinese and test its reliability and validity in mainland China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The original English version of the VFI was translated and adapted to a Simplified Chinese version (VFI -SC). Fifty-four participants with voice disorders and 21 healthy controls completed the VFI-SC. Sixteen participants with voice disorders completed it again two weeks later. Reliability, validity, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) of the VFI-SC were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Cronbach's alpha values for the VFI factor scores were found to be 0.930 for tiredness and avoidance of voice use (factor 1), 0.878 for physical discomfort with voice use (factor 2), and 0.915 for improvement of symptoms with voice rest (factor 3). The test-retest reliability was 0.967 for all three factors. There was a significant difference between the total scores of the patient group and the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Factor 1 and factor 2 were positively correlated with the Voice Handicap Index (VHI-30). The ROC curves showed acceptable intrinsic accuracies for factor 1 (AUC = 0.883), factor 2 (AUC = 0.901), and factor 3 (AUC = 0.800), with cutoff scores of 22, 7, and 9, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides preliminary evidence that the VFI-SC has good reliability and validity. It can be used to screen for clinical symptoms of voice fatigue in mainland China.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":" ","pages":"179-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49684260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dins Sumerags, Nityanand Jain, Mara Pilmane, Gunta Sumeraga
{"title":"Assessment of professional singers using laryngeal, respiratory, and airflow measurements.","authors":"Dins Sumerags, Nityanand Jain, Mara Pilmane, Gunta Sumeraga","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2023.2270592","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14015439.2023.2270592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In the pedagogy of classical vocal singing, it can be difficult to determine the human voice fach, especially for the voice of aspiring vocalists. Hence, an objective metric-based system for the determination of the human voice is needed. In the present study, we investigated the anthropological and aerodynamic parameters for 60 professional singers with a professionally confirmed singing range.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Amongst the 60 included professional singers, there were ten participants each for sopranos, mezzo-sopranos, altos (female vocal fach), and tenors, baritones, basses (male vocal fach). Airflow measurements were recorded using spirometry whilst anthropological measurements were taken using CT scans. Appropriate statistical analyses were done using the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis H test with post-hoc tests and Bonferroni correction. <i>p</i> < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Soprano singers, who have the highest pitch, were found to be the shortest and least heavy, whilst basses, who have the lowest pitch, were found to be tallest and heaviest amongst the study participants. Furthermore, sopranos had the smallest lung volumes while the basses had the largest lung volumes (raw spirometry measures). However, when normalized ratios were considered, no differences were observed. Finally, laryngeal size showed sexual dimorphism due to developmental changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A mix of anthropological and aerodynamic measurements may be useful to assist singers and vocal pedagogues to assess and determine voice types before the beginning of their vocal studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":" ","pages":"170-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41240343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enabling people living with dementia to make choices during creative workshops: a conversation analysis study of co-creativity, choice-sequences, and the supportive actions of carers.","authors":"Christopher Leyland, Spencer Hazel, Adam Brandt","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2023.2166104","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14015439.2023.2166104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Creative workshops can promote various positive outcomes for people with dementia, such as reductions in undesirable symptoms and achieving levels of autonomy. Although these are undoubtedly positive <i>outcomes</i>, there is little understanding of the specific <i>processes</i> that can enable such outcomes. To address this issue, our study investigates the interactional processes of \"choice-sequences,\" in which a PlwD makes a choice pertaining to materials (e.g. pens, coloured papers) for a creative activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This Conversation Analysis study draws upon around 60 hours of video-recorded creative workshops involving artists, people with dementia, and carers. Drawing upon the notion of \"co-creativity,\" we examine the collaborative work that goes into accomplishing choice- sequences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While these sequences typically begin with an artist presenting a choice to a PlwD, <i>carers</i> routinely enter these interactions and provide various forms of support needed to accomplish each basic action of a choice-sequence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study shows carers working alongside the artist to pursue the PlwD's choice in a triadic participation framework, and carers supporting the PlwD in a dyadic participation framework with the artist having exited the interaction. In providing such support, carers can utilize their understandings of the communicative norms and requirements of the PlwD.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":" ","pages":"114-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9341039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}