Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology最新文献

{"title":"Duration of biodynamic changes associated with water resistance therapy.","authors":"Matthias Echternach,&nbsp;Marie Köberlein,&nbsp;Donata Gellrich,&nbsp;Marco Guzman,&nbsp;Anne Maria Laukkanen,&nbsp;Fabian Burk,&nbsp;Michael Döllinger,&nbsp;Bernhard Richter,&nbsp;Marie-Anne Kainz","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2020.1785000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In current voice research, there is a growing interest in semi-occluded vocal tract exercises and their contribution to an increased vocal efficiency. However, there are only few studies on the lasting effects.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Eight vocally healthy subjects were asked to sustain a phonation at a comfortable loudness on the vowel /i/, with a Fundamental Frequency of 250 Hz (females) or 125 Hz (males). During phonation the subjects were simultaneously recorded with transnasal High Speed Videoendoscopy (HSV, 20,000fps), electroglottography, and audio signals. The subjects then performed a water resistance therapy (WRT) for 10 min (tube: 30 cm length, 5 cm below water surface, diameter 9 mm). Repeated measurements of sustained phonation were performed 0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 min after exercising. From the HSV material the Glottal Area Waveform (GAW) was segmented and GAW parameters were computed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were strong inter-individual differences concerning the changes of different measures over time after WRT. In general, directly after WRT there was a lowering of the GAW derived Period Perturbation Quotient, a lowering of the Closing Quotient and an increase of the Sound Pressure Level (SPL) in comparison to the pre-intervention measurement. However, only 5 min post WRT there was no longer a clear difference compared to baseline results before WRT. Other values such as Open Quotients exhibited no evident changes by WRT at any timepoint.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>WRT showed strong inter-individual effects concerning the changes in the evaluated measures post-intervention. General tendencies of some measures directly after the intervention showed a brief effect of only a few minutes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":"46 3","pages":"126-133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38088866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech intelligibility of Parkinson's disease patients evaluated by different groups of healthcare professionals and naïve listeners.","authors":"Joana Carvalho,&nbsp;Rita Cardoso,&nbsp;Isabel Guimarães,&nbsp;Joaquim J Ferreira","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2020.1785546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Speech intelligibility, how well a listener comprehends the speaker's message, is related to the listener' expertise and type of the message conveyed. There is no evidence about speech intelligibility in different groups of healthcare professionals and naïve listeners.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study is the first to understand if there were differences in the speech intelligibility of Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients by different experienced and naïve listeners, according to the speech stimuli and dysarthria severity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Randomly digitised audio-files (50 words and 50 sentences) of 10 PD patients, one without dysarthria and 9 with different dysarthria severities (3 each: mild, moderate and severe dysarthria), were collected from a database of 60 PD patients' audio-files. A jury panel was formed by five different listeners groups including 10 speech and language therapists, 10 neurologists, 10 PD relatives, 12 PD patients, and 10 people from the general population. The jury panel transcribed single words and sentences from the audio recordings, the percentage correctly understood was calculated and the results were compared between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple comparisons showed significant speech intelligibility differences between healthcare professionals and naïve listerners in words (highest effect size, η² = 0.7) and sentences (the highest effect size: η² = 0.6). Pairwise comparisons revealed that those significant differences were specifically in words with moderate and severe dysarthria and sentences with all severity levels of dysarthria.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The groups of healthcare professionals who work with dysarthria are more likely to understand the PD patients' speech than the groups of naïve listeners.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":"46 3","pages":"141-147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785546","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38125783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reading-related abilities underlying phonological awareness: a cross-sectional study in children with and without dyslexia.","authors":"Smail Layes,&nbsp;Robert Lalonde,&nbsp;Mohamed Rebai","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2020.1768283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1768283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present cross-sectional study examined the individual role of rapid automatized naming (RAN), verbal short-term memory (VSTM), and phonological verbal fluency (PVF) along with word reading performance in predicting phonological awareness (PA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 225 Arabic speaking children from grades 2, 3, 4 and 5 took part in this study, divided into two groups of readers: typical developing readers and dyslexic readers. The participants were tested on word and pseudoword reading, phonological awareness, rapid naming, verbal short-term memory and phonological verbal fluency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There are different predictive patterns between the two groups. Whereas Raven and Grade contributed directly in predicting PA in typical readers, VSTM and PVF directly predicted PA in children with dyslexia. However, word reading played a dual role in the both groups as direct predictors of PA, mediating the predictive relationships between PA and the other variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest the potential existence of an underlying phonological representation processing ability shared between PA, phonological access (RAN and PVF), VSTM, and word reading ability.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":"46 3","pages":"110-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14015439.2020.1768283","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38022003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of dysphonia: cepstral analysis versus conventional acoustic analysis.","authors":"Elham Moamen Hassan,&nbsp;Aisha Fawzy Abdel Hady,&nbsp;Sahar Saad Shohdi,&nbsp;Hossam Mohammed Eldessouky,&nbsp;Mohammed Hussein Badrel Din","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2020.1767202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1767202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, we aimed to determine the extent to which smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS) can replace or complement the conventional acoustic measures of jitter, shimmer, and harmonic-to-noise ratio in the assessment of various types of dysphonia.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A total of 60 males and 80 females were divided into two groups: dysphonic group and control group (30 males and 40 females in each group). The voice samples in the form of sustained vowel /a/ phonation and continuous speech were recorded and assessed using auditory perceptual analysis, acoustic analysis, and cepstral analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Jitter was found to have the best predictive ability during sustained phonation, whereas CPPS was found to have the best predictive ability during continuous speech.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cepstral analysis is as reliable as the conventional acoustic analysis in the diagnosis of dysphonia and to detect its severity. However, CPPS cannot replace conventional acoustic measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":"46 3","pages":"99-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14015439.2020.1767202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37959018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between dysphonia and dysphagia evolution in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.","authors":"Chiara Mezzedimi,&nbsp;Enza Vinci,&nbsp;Fabio Giannini,&nbsp;Serena Cocca","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2020.1771766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1771766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Between March 2017 and February 2018, 27 newly diagnoses patients (about 2 months) were examined in the ENT Clinic of our University Hospital. The bulbar-onset of ALS was diagnosed by neurologists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to the endoscopic and clinical results, patients were classified in 4 classes of dysphagia. Laryngology and speech pathology assessment with spectroacuostic analysis of speech using Praat software are fundamental for the proper evaluation of dysphonia of these patients. This study was the first attempt to find a vocal indicator of advancement in swallowing dysfunction in the patient population of ALS. Preliminary findings indicate that the reduction in the maximum fundamental frequency is associated with advancement of dysphagia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Monitoring the vocal parameters could be useful in order to give an early rehabilitation aid to these patients improving their quality of life and reducing aspiration risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":"46 3","pages":"118-125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14015439.2020.1771766","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38010220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turkish stimulability treatment program for children with speech sound disorders: a preliminary study.","authors":"Esra Özcebe,&nbsp;Aysin Noyan Erbas,&nbsp;Sadiye Bacik Tirank,&nbsp;Bulent Gunduz","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2020.1740317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1740317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The objective of this study was to create a stimulability treatment program in Turkish language that targets Turkish consonants and vowels and to present the preliminary findings of the effectiveness of the program in a small group of Turkish children with speech sound disorder (SSD).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twenty-two children with SSD participated in the study. The Turkish Articulation and Phonology Test (SST) was used in the assessment of children. Intelligibility ratings were completed by their caregivers through the Turkish version of Intelligibility in Context Scale (ICS), and the stimulability assessments were completed. Stimulability intervention were given for a total of 12 sessions. Comparisons were made between the pre- and post-test results of children, and the preliminary data of treatment efficacy were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data analysis showed a significant difference in the total number of articulation errors of children between Time 1 and Time 2 (<i>p</i> < .0001), a statistically significant difference in auditory discrimination scores between the two measurements, (<i>p</i> < .05), and an increase in stimulability ratings from Time 1 to Time 2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings provide initial data on the positive effect of the Turkish stimulability treatment program for children with SSD. This preliminary study would contribute toward designing the main trial for an evidence-based study for the Turkish stimulability treatment program, thereby leading to better practices in SSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":"46 2","pages":"63-69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14015439.2020.1740317","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37766596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating voice differences in teachers with and without self-reported voice disorders, and healthcare workers without self-reported voice disorders.","authors":"Baiba Trinite","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2020.1727565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1727565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study had two objectives: (1) to investigate differences in voice parameters between teachers with and without self-reported voice disorders and (2) to find differences in voice parameters between teachers and healthcare workers without self-reported voice disorders.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Three respondents' groups were formed: teachers with self-reported voice disorders (mean age, 47 years; range, 34-60 years), teachers without self-reported voice disorders (46; 27-64), and healthcare workers without self-reported voice disorders (45; 31-63). All participants were women. Maximum Phonation Time (MPT), fundamental frequency (<i>F</i>₀), jitter, shimmer, frequency and intensity range, Dysphonia Severity Index (DSI), Voice Handicap Index-30 (VHI), and perceived stress (PSS) were assessed in respondents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-nine percent of teachers noted two or more vocal symptoms daily or weekly. Teachers with self-reported voice disorders had a higher degree of perceived stress (18 vs. 13, <i>p</i> = .009), higher score on the VHI (25 vs. 13, <i>p</i> = .001), and lower score on the DSI (2.65 vs. 3.21, <i>p</i> = .037), than teachers without self-reported voice disorders. The VHI-30 score of 15 points could be a cut off value describing voice disorders in female teachers. Differences between teachers and health care workers without self-reported voice disorders were found in MPT (<i>p</i> = .001), <i>F</i>₀ (<i>p</i> = .012), jitter (<i>p</i> = .009), DSI (<i>p</i> = .023), and the perceived stress score (<i>p</i> = .041).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The teaching profession can influence the voice, and the presence of psycho-emotional factors can lead to the development of voice disorders in teachers.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":"46 2","pages":"47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14015439.2020.1727565","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37642973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot investigation of twang quality using magnetic resonance imaging.","authors":"Karen Perta,&nbsp;Youkyung Bae,&nbsp;Kerrie Obert","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2020.1757147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1757147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Twang quality is a bright, piercing quality often produced in contemporary pop/rock/country music, musical theatre singing, and character voices. Despite its potential application to voice therapy and singing pedagogy, limited information is available regarding the exact physiologic underpinnings of twang quality. The purpose of this study was to provide quantitative information regarding three-dimensional (3D) vocal tract configurations of twang quality using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two participants, with professional singing and pedagogy experience in a variety of singing styles, sustained twang and speech quality on vowel /i/ while lying supine in the MRI scanner. Vocal tract measures included larynx height and velar height in the midsagittal view as well as lateral pharyngeal width, anteroposterior pharyngeal (AP) width, and pharyngeal area in the axial view.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When compared to speech /i/, participants produced twang with a smaller pharyngeal area with significant narrowing in the lateral dimension, a slightly elevated laryngeal position, and closed VP port. Of note, Participant 1 also demonstrated significant pharyngeal narrowing in the AP dimension at the oropharyngeal level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results are consistent with some aspects of previous descriptions of twang but provide further clarification regarding physiologic underpinnings of twang quality for therapeutic and pedagogic application.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":"46 2","pages":"77-85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14015439.2020.1757147","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37926493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Articulation Handicap Scale with 12 items (AHS-12): a short form of the Articulation Handicap Index (AHI).","authors":"Annerose Keilmann,&nbsp;Uwe Konerding,&nbsp;Constantin Oberherr,&nbsp;Tadeus Nawka","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2020.1757146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1757146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective is to produce a short instrument for measuring the subjectively experienced articulation handicap, i.e. the extent to which physical, functional, and emotional handicaps caused by a physical deficit are subjectively experienced.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The items for the short instrument were selected from the 30 items of the Articulation Handicap Index (AHI) by removing items on the basis of item-total correlations using data from 113 cancer survivors. Reliability and validity of the sum score of the corresponding item selection were used for determining the optimal item selection. This optimal item selection was compared with the AHI in an RCT with patients undergoing phoniatric routine diagnostics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With only 12 items left, the measurement instrument was still as reliable and valid as the AHI. With less than 12 items, reliability and validity decreased. In the RCT between the AHI (<i>n</i> = 41) and the 12-item selection (<i>n</i> = 40), reliability and validity of both instruments were the same, but processing times differed (AHI; 3.84 min; 12-item selection: 2.02 min).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 12-item selection, further referred to as the Articulation Handicap Scale with 12 items (AHS-12), provides nearly as much information as the original AHI.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":"46 2","pages":"70-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14015439.2020.1757146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37933322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between suicidal ideation and acoustic parameters of university students' voice and speech: a pilot study.","authors":"Carla Figueroa Saavedra,&nbsp;Tamara Otzen Hernández,&nbsp;Camila Alarcón Godoy,&nbsp;Arlette Ríos Pérez,&nbsp;Damaris Frugone Salinas,&nbsp;Roberto Lagos Hernández","doi":"10.1080/14015439.2020.1733075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1733075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>At a worldwide level, suicide is a public health problem that, despite displaying downward trends in several areas of the world, in many countries these rates have increased. One of the elements that contributes to its prevention is an early and dynamic evaluation. Due to this, the objective is to determine the association between acoustic parameters of voice and speech (F0, F1, F2, F3, dB, and Jitter) and suicidal ideation arousal amongst some university students from the city of Temuco, Chile.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Attending to this issue, a cross-sectional design study was conducted through a non-probabilistic sampling of sixty 18- and 19-year-old adolescents from the city of Temuco, that went through an acoustic evaluation of their voice and speech after taking a test to determine suicidal ideation. Afterwards, data were analyzed through IBM SPSS version 23.0 software (IBM SPSS Statistics, Armonk, NY), by means of exploratory, descriptive, and inferential statistics taking the variable's levels of measurements and the types of distributions into account.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results point out that 30% of the adolescents, from both genders, displayed suicidal ideation. Taking into account the acoustic results of their voice, it is possible to recognize that the fundamental frequency (F0), the formants (F1, F2), and Jitter, are the ones that majorly link to the presence of suicidal ideation, both in women and men (<i>p</i> < .05). The characteristics that describe F3 were only linked to the presence of suicidal ideation in men (<i>p</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is concluded that the acoustic parameters of voice and speech differ in adolescents with suicidal behavior, opening the possibility of representing a useful tool in the diagnosis of suicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":49903,"journal":{"name":"Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology","volume":"46 2","pages":"55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14015439.2020.1733075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37709542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}