Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Numerical analysis of critical parameter values for remission during imatinib treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia.","authors":"Dana Paquin, Lizzy Gross, Avery Stewart, Giovani Thai","doi":"10.3934/mbe.2025057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2025057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a cancer of the white blood cells that results from uncontrolled growth of myeloid cells in the bone marrow and the accumulation of these cells in the blood. The most common form of treatment for CML is imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Although imatinib is an effective treatment for CML and most patients treated with imatinib do attain some form of remission, imatinib does not completely eradicate all leukemia cells, and if treatment is stopped, all patients eventually relapse. Kim et al. constructed a system of delay differential equations to mathematically model the dynamics of anti-leukemia T-cell responses to CML during imatinib treatment, and demonstrated the usefulness of the mathematical model for studying novel treatment regimes to enhance imatinib therapy. Paquin et al. demonstrated numerically using this DDE model that strategic treatment interruptions (STIs) may have the potential to completely eradicate CML in certain cases. We conducted a comprehensive numerical study of the model parameters to identify the mathematical and numerical significance of the individual parameter values on the efficacy of imatinib treatment of CML. In particular, we analyzed the effects of the numerical values of the model parameters on the behavior of the system, revealing critical threshold values that impact the ability of imatinib treatment to achieve remission and/or elimination. We also showed that STIs provide improvements to these critical values, categorizing this change as it relates to parameters inherent to either CML growth or immune response.</p>","PeriodicalId":49870,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering","volume":"22 6","pages":"1551-1571"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience of a stochastic generalized Lotka-Volterra model for microbiome studies.","authors":"Tuan A Phan, Benjamin J Ridenhour, Christopher H Remien","doi":"10.3934/mbe.2025056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2025056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbial communities are constantly challenged by environmental stochasticity, rendering time-series data obtained from these communities inherently noisy. Traditional mathematical models, such as the first-order multivariate autoregressive (MAR) model and the deterministic generalized Lotka-Volterra model, are no longer suitable for predicting the stability of a microbiome from its time-series data, as they fail to capture volatility in the environment. To accurately measure microbiome stability, it is imperative to incorporate stochasticity into the existing mathematical models in microbiome research. In this paper, we introduce a stochastic generalized Lotka-Volterra (SgLV) system that characterizes the temporal dynamics of a microbial community. To study this system, we developed a comprehensive theoretical framework for calculating four resilience measures based on the SgLV model. These resilience metrics effectively capture the short- and long-term behaviors of the resilience of the microbiome. To illustrate the practical application of our approach, we demonstrate the procedure for calculating the four resilience measures using simulated microbial abundance datasets. The procedural simplicity enhances its utility as a valuable tool for application in various microbial and ecological communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":49870,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering","volume":"22 6","pages":"1517-1550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal allocation of two resources in annual plants.","authors":"David McMorris, Glenn Ledder","doi":"10.3934/mbe.2025055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2025055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The fitness of an annual plant can be thought of as how much fruit is produced by the end of its growing season. Working under the assumption that annual plants grow to maximize fitness, we use optimal control theory to understand this process. We introduce a model for resource allocation in annual plants that extends classical work by Iwasa and Roughgarden to a case where both carbohydrates and mineral nutrients are allocated to shoots, roots, and fruits. We use optimal control theory to determine the optimal resource allocation strategy for the plant throughout its growing season as well as develop a numerical scheme to implement the model. We find that fitness is maximized when the plant undergoes a period of mixed vegetative and reproductive growth prior to switching to reproductive-only growth at the end of the growing season. Our results further suggest that what is optimal for an individual plant is highly dependent on initial conditions, and optimal growth has the effect of driving a wide range of initial conditions toward common configurations of biomass by the end of a growing season.</p>","PeriodicalId":49870,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering","volume":"22 6","pages":"1464-1516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the effects of lethal and non-lethal predation on the dynamics of tick-borne disease.","authors":"Kwadwo Antwi-Fordjour, Folashade B Agusto, Isabella Kemajou-Brown","doi":"10.3934/mbe.2025054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2025054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tick-borne illnesses are transmitted to mammals like rodents and deer by infected ticks. These illnesses have shown dramatic increase in recent times, thereby increasing public health risk in the United States. Additionally, these mammals can be impacted by predation and the fear of their predators. In this study, we modeled the lethal and non-lethal effect of predation of the mammals on the dynamics of tick-borne disease using ehrlichiosis as our model disease system. Results of the theoretical analysis of reduced form of the model indicate that the model equilibria are stable when the tick fecundity and mortality rates are not host dependent. Furthermore, predator-induced fear and predator attack rates are two of the significant parameters of the model outputs from the sensitivity analysis carried out. Numerical simulation of the model shows that the combined impact of both lethal and non-lethal predation sets off a cascading chain reaction leading to a corresponding reduction in the prey and tick populations; in particular there are more infected larvae when infected prey population are low and few infected larvae when there are more infected prey. Similar dynamics was observed for the infected nymphs and adult ticks and infected predator population. Furthermore as the fear of the predator increases, the prey population reduces which subsequently lead to a decrease in the tick populations and subsequently disease in the community.</p>","PeriodicalId":49870,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering","volume":"22 6","pages":"1428-1463"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of partner selection in the transmission dynamics of sexually transmitted viral infections.","authors":"Jordy Jose Cevallos-Chavez, Fabio Augustu Milner","doi":"10.3934/mbe.2025053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2025053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We constructed a compartmental mathematical model to study the dynamics of viral sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in a population consisting of men and women who engage in sexual contact with both sexes. Each sex is further split into compartments of susceptible, infected/infectious, and recovered/immune individuals, with constant per capita recovery and loss of immunity rates, while the per capita infection rates for each sex (force of infection) are based on standard incidence terms corresponding to the probabilities that the sexual partner of each sex that a susceptible individual randomly selects is an infected one. We explored possible effects of behavioral interventions, such as condom usage and reducing the number of sexual partnerships as well as the different dynamics of STI transmission between populations engaging solely in opposite-sex interactions and those engaging in non-opposite-sex interactions. These findings can help inform the development of public health policies aimed at alleviating the burden of sexually transmitted diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":49870,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering","volume":"22 6","pages":"1399-1427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Average-delay impulsive control for synchronization of uncertain chaotic neural networks with variable delay impulses.","authors":"Biwen Li, Yujie Liu","doi":"10.3934/mbe.2025052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2025052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper investigated the synchronization issue of uncertain chaotic neural networks (CNNs) using a delayed impulsive control approach. To address the disturbances caused by parameter uncertainty and the flexibility of impulsive delays, the concept of average impulsive delay (AID) and average impulsive interval (AII) were utilized to handle the delays as a whole. Under the condition that the norms of uncertain parameters are bounded, the synchronization criteria for uncertain CNNs were derived based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Specifically, we relaxed the constraints on the delay in the impulsive control inputs, thus allowing it to flexibly vary without being bound by some conditions, which provides a broader applicability compared to most existing results. Additionally, the results show that delayed impulses can facilitate the synchronization of uncertain CNNs. Finally, the validity of the theoretical results was verified through a numerical example.</p>","PeriodicalId":49870,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering","volume":"22 6","pages":"1382-1398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic interaction between transmission, within-host dynamics and mosquito density.","authors":"Mayra Núñez-López, Jocelyn A Castro-Echeverría, Jorge X Velasco-Hernández","doi":"10.3934/mbe.2025051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2025051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The central question in this paper is the character and role of the within-host and between-host interactions in vector-transmitted diseases compared to environmental-transmitted diseases. In vector-transmitted diseases, the environmental stage becomes the vector population. We link an epidemiological model for a vector-transmitted disease with a simple immunological process: the effective transmission rate from host to vector, modeled as a function of the infected cell level within the host, and a virus inoculation term that depends on the abundance of infected mosquitoes. We explore the role of infectivity (defined as the number of host target cells infected), recovery rate, and viral clearance rate in the coupled dynamics of these systems. As expected, the conditions for a disease outbreak require the average individual in the population to have an active (within-host) viral infection. However, the outbreak's nature, duration, and dynamic characteristics depend on the intensity of the within-host infection and the nature of the mosquito transmission capacity. Through the model, we establish inter-relations between the infectivity, host recovery rate, viral clearance rate, and different dynamic behavior patterns at the population level.</p>","PeriodicalId":49870,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering","volume":"22 6","pages":"1364-1381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamical system of quokka population depicting Fennecaphobia by Vulpes vulpes.","authors":"Sangeeta Kumari, Sidharth Menon, Abhirami K","doi":"10.3934/mbe.2025050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2025050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A spatio-temporal prey-predator (quokka and red fox interaction) model with the fear effect, Holling type Ⅱ functional response, and a generalist predator is proposed. The existence of equilibrium points and their corresponding stability are analyzed under certain conditions to explore the system's dynamics. The occurrence of a Hopf bifurcation, a saddle-node bifurcation, and a Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation are confirmed. The partial rank correlation coefficient method is performed for the sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, the cross-diffusion is incorporated in the formulated model system to identify the spatio-temporal dynamics of the system. All theoretical results are validated through a numerical simulation. The outcome of the temporal model shows a decrease in the fear effect due to the predation by the red fox helps to increase the quokka population. The spatio-temporal model indicates that as the diffusion coefficient and fear parameters vary, the pattern changes from isolated spots to stripes, and again from stripes to spots. This represents the variation in spatial interactions and aggregation. The dispersion of predators and prey increases with an increased diffusion; however, the group formation is restricted by a stronger fear effect that scatters prey.</p>","PeriodicalId":49870,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering","volume":"22 6","pages":"1342-1363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Budget allocation and illegal fishing: a game theoretic approach.","authors":"Maggie R Sullens, Nina H Fefferman","doi":"10.3934/mbe.2025049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2025049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conservation efforts are under constant threat of failure due to poaching. Efforts to combat poaching may take a number of forms, but access to each form depends on resources, and access to these resources may depend on the success of previous efforts (e.g., monetary donations from supporters could directly combat poaching, but may be more effective if partially spent on recruiting additional supporters who then also donate). We adopted a mathematical framework with inspiration from the famous colonel blotto game to model the ongoing battle between conservationists and poachers. Focusing on a marine setting as a case study, players have budgets consisting of three types of resources: monetary, non-monetary, and supporters. The heterogeneous battlefields (laws, marine reserves, and community) reflect commonly employed conservation tactics meant to limit poaching. conservationists allocate resources to limit the success of poachers, while poachers allocate resources to overcome barriers implemented by conservationists. We assumed that no action can succeed without supporters, and thus whichever player wins over all the supporters in the community (i.e., the community battlefield), wins the game. We analyzed battlefield payoffs and player budget distributions to determine overall player success. We demonstrated how initially disadvantaged players may have an opportunity to win the game, although, we found that success in the first round can be most critical under certain scenarios. By framing the question in this way, we hope to provide additional tools for decision support to guide resource allocation, improving the efficacy of conservation efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":49870,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering","volume":"22 6","pages":"1307-1341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Darwinian version of the Leslie logistic model for age-structured populations.","authors":"George Th Ellison, Hanan Rhoma","doi":"10.3934/mbe.2025048","DOIUrl":"10.3934/mbe.2025048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this review, we explore the advances, setbacks, and future possibilities of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) as conceptual and analytical tools in applied and theoretical epidemiology. DAGs are literal, theoretical or speculative, and diagrammatic representations of known, uncertain, or unknown data generating mechanisms (and dataset generating processes) in which the causal relationships between variables are determined on the basis of two over-riding principles-\"directionality\" and \"acyclicity\". Among the many strengths of DAGs are their transparency, simplicity, flexibility, methodological utility, and epistemological credibility. All these strengths can help applied epidemiological studies better mitigate (and acknowledge) the impact of avoidable (and unavoidable) biases in causal inference analyses based on observational/non-experimental data. They can also strengthen the credibility and utility of theoretical studies that use DAGs to identify and explore hitherto hidden sources of analytical and inferential bias. Nonetheless, and despite their apparent simplicity, the application of DAGs has suffered a number of setbacks due to weaknesses in understanding, practice, and reporting. These include a failure to include all possible (conceivable and inconceivable) unmeasured covariates when developing and specifying DAGs; and weaknesses in the reporting of DAGs containing more than a handful of variables and paths, and where the intended application(s) and rationale(s) involved is necessary for appreciating, evaluating, and exploiting any causal insights they might offer. We proposed two additional principles to address these weaknesses and identify a number of opportunities where DAGs might lead to further advancements: The critical appraisal and synthesis of observational studies; the external validity and portability of causality-informed prediction; the identification of novel sources of bias; and the application of DAG-dataset consistency assessment to resolve pervasive uncertainty in the temporal positioning of time-variant and time-invariant exposures, outcomes, and covariates.</p>","PeriodicalId":49870,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering","volume":"22 6","pages":"1280-1306"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}