Neuropsychology Review最新文献

{"title":"Digital Tools for Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy and Methodological Challenges.","authors":"Aurora Bonvino, Ester Cornacchia, Giorgia Francesca Scaramuzzi, Daphne Gasparre, Valerio Manippa, Davide Rivolta, Paolo Taurisano","doi":"10.1007/s11065-025-09680-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11065-025-09680-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents an intermediate stage between typical aging and early cognitive decline. As such, an early and accurate diagnosis is essential in making timely interventions. Digital tools, including mobile applications, web platforms, wearable devices, and artificial intelligence-driven systems, have been developed and validated to capture multidimensional data, offering innovative screening solutions. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of digital tools for MCI detection in different populations and settings, with a particular focus on three key issues: (i) the overall diagnostic performance of digital tools, (ii) the influence of methodological quality of studies, and (iii) the impact of demographic factors and familiarity with technologies on diagnostic accuracy. This meta-analysis assessed diagnostic accuracy across 32 studies, reporting pooled sensitivity (0.808, 95% CI: 0.775-0.838) and specificity (0.795, 95% CI: 0.757-0.828), but with considerable heterogeneity (I² = 71.5% sensitivity; 84.0% specificity). The HSROC analysis revealed significant intrinsic variability (τₐ = 0.807) and minimal threshold variability (τθ = 0.291). Meta-regression indicated that applicability concerns significantly reduced specificity (p = 0.037), with older age also predicting lower specificity (p = 0.029). Thus, implementing standardized protocols, rigorous validation processes, and targeted adaptations are crucial steps for enhancing the effectiveness of digital tools in detecting MCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":"375-387"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145349639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Go with the (Blood) Flow: A Systematic Review on the Relationship Between Dynamic Functional Connectivity and Information Processing Speed.","authors":"Olivia C Haller, Cassandra L Rosenberg, Tricia Z King","doi":"10.1007/s11065-025-09671-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11065-025-09671-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) methods could shift understandings about brain-behavior relationships. Information processing speed (IPS) may be of particular interest to dFC analyses as dFC is able to capture time-sensitive FC changes. The present systematic review aims to explore the association between IPS and dFC of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) data in healthy individuals. Included papers were published through July 24, 2023. Searches conducted on ProQuest and ScienceDirect used the search terms processing speed AND fMRI AND resting state AND dynamic functional connectivity OR dynamic functional network connectivity. Studies were eligible based on the following inclusion criteria: empirical research, published in English, use of a well-characterized healthy population (n > 30), use of rsfMRI, calculation of dFC, measurement of IPS, and a statistical test between dFC and IPS. Results reveal mixed findings. Five studies report no relationship between dFC and IPS, whereas eight report mixed or positive findings. We noted several trends in findings that may be driving inconsistencies. Over half of the reviewed studies used the Human Connectome Project data. Second, IPS was more likely to be related to dFC if images were acquired using an eyes open procedure with fixation on a crosshair. As all included IPS measures involved a visual component, IPS and dFC measurement might both be capturing information about visuoperceptual connections. Future work that addresses these biases and trends may illuminate the nature of the relationship between dFC and IPS.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":"299-320"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Effectiveness of Neuropsychological Interventions on Cognition in Patients with Epilepsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Irene Cano-López, Judit Catalán-Aguilar, Esperanza González-Bono","doi":"10.1007/s11065-025-09678-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11065-025-09678-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of neuropsychological interventions in enhancing cognition in patients with epilepsy. The systematic review was conducted under PRISMA guidelines. Of 1363 articles, 25 met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses assessing pre-post changes in experimental interventions (i.e., without comparison to control groups) revealed moderate effects on cognition in adults (g = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.18, 0.40; p < 0.0001), with significant effects for attention (g = 0.24; 95% CI = 0.06, 0.43; p = 0.0098), immediate memory (g = 0.34; 95% CI = 0.21, 0.47; p < 0.0001), delayed memory (g = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.18, 0.57; p < 0.0001), and language (g = 0.33; 95% CI = 0.06, 0.59; p = 0.0159). In pediatric samples, moderate effects were found on overall cognition (g = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.22, 0.89; p = 0.0012), with gains in attention (g = 0.66; 95% CI = 0.15, 1.17; p = 0.01) and working memory (g = 0.80; 95% CI = -0.05, 1.65; p = 0.06). Comparisons with control groups (i.e., patients without intervention) showed a trend towards positive effects in adults (g = 0.35; 95% CI = -0.00, 0.71; p = 0.053), with brain training games associated with poorer outcomes (B = -1.03; SE = 0.52; 95% CI = -2.05, -0.00; p = 0.049). No significant differences were found in pediatric samples (g = 0.34; 95% CI = -0.22, 0.89; p = 0.24). The findings support the implementation of targeted cognitive interventions in clinical practice, offering evidence-based recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":"388-427"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145349587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Neural Correlates of Incidental Memory: a Meta-analysis of fMRI Studies.","authors":"Andrea Di Piero, Alice Teghil, Cecilia Guariglia, Maria Casagrande","doi":"10.1007/s11065-026-09708-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-026-09708-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A significant body of research sought to understand the mechanisms underlying memory formation and retrieval. Even when focusing exclusively on episodic memory, several subcategories emerge, such as explicit, implicit, and autobiographical memory. In this study, we utilized Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) to perform an fMRI meta-analysis to identify the neural bases of incidental memory. Results showed a network involving the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), the precuneus, and the inferior occipital gyrus. When focusing exclusively on the encoding phase of incidental memory tasks, the results revealed a specific cluster in the IFG, confirming the findings from the primary meta-analysis. To further investigate the functional connectivity of this key node in incidental memory, we conducted a Meta-Analytic Connectivity Modelling (MACM) analysis on the identified cluster, highlighting a network of activation overlapping with the salience and, partially, with the frontoparietal control network. These findings suggest that the inferior frontal gyrus has a key role in the incidental encoding of episodic information, either via its involvement in verbal processing or driving attentive processing of potentially salient stimuli.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148765669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery from Sport-Related Concussion in Athletes with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: a Systematic Review.","authors":"Julia E Maietta, David A Luongo, Olivia D Saperstein, Charles E Gaudet","doi":"10.1007/s11065-026-09713-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11065-026-09713-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systematically examine research reporting on the relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and recovery outcomes following sport-related concussion (SRC). A literature search was conducted for articles between January 2019 and December 2024 using: PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Search terms included ADHD, concussion, and recovery. Eligible studies investigated recovery outcomes including post-concussion symptoms, return-to-learn (RTL), and return-to-play (RTP). Nineteen met inclusion criteria. The studies included 32,554 participants (Mage=16.27; SD = 2.44), of which 2,815 (8.65%) reported a diagnosis of ADHD. Approximately 50% of the studies examined individuals presenting to specialty clinics (47.4%). Athletes were predominantly competing at the high school or collegiate level (26.3% for each group, respectively). Only four studies reported a statistically significant association between ADHD and worse SRC outcomes; one study reported a favorable association. Among included studies, only eight examined ADHD as a primary contributor to recovery outcome. Despite an increase in peer-reviewed research examining SRC recovery among individuals with ADHD in recent years, the majority of evidence does not definitively support an association between ADHD and worse recovery outcome following SRC. Although study quality has improved, significant gaps and limitations remain including inconsistent characterization of ADHD, limited studies with ADHD as the primary independent variable, a lack of consistent reporting of descriptive data, and limited control of medication status. In sum, scientific research does not show evidence of an association between ADHD and worse clinical outcome following SRC, though these limitations continue to temper confidence in the conclusions that can be drawn.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148721606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Cognitive Functions Through Virtual Reality: a Systematic Review of Ecologically Valid Assessments.","authors":"Egoitz Carral-Trucios, Miguel Martinez-Zaldivar, Miguel Saura-Carrasco, Irene Alice Chicchi Giglioli","doi":"10.1007/s11065-026-09707-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-026-09707-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This PRISMA‑guided systematic review synthesized evidence on the psychometric properties of immersive head‑mounted display (HMD) virtual reality (VR) tools developed for the ecological assessment of cognition across different developmental stages. The review targeted studies evaluating attention, inhibitory control, memory, and executive functions; published between January 1, 2021, and March 13, 2025, across PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science. Twenty‑one studies met the inclusion criteria. Convergent validity emerged as the most frequently reported property, appearing in 14 studies (67%) and showing predominantly low‑to‑moderate correlation coefficients (r = .29-0.66). Construct validity was reported less often (3 of 21; 14%) explaining 62%-80.18% of the variance, while test‑retest reliability data were available in only two studies (9.5%), showing overall significant correlation coefficients (r = .18-0.85). Discriminant validity (7 of 21; 33%) was adequate in 5 studies but limited in 2, which reported moderate cross-construct correlations. Predictive validity was assessed in five studies (24%), mainly for psychopathology‑related applications, though most relied on single‑rater parent questionnaires without behavioral or longitudinal validation, with evidence ranging from strong classifier performance (AUC = 0.92) to moderate predictive correlations (r = .38-0.43) and variable diagnostic classification rates. Child and adolescent investigations (9 of 21 studies) consistently demonstrated smaller sample sizes and less comprehensive validation protocols than adult‑focused research. Despite these heterogeneities, findings suggest that HMD‑VR environments can elicit more ecologically relevant cognitive behaviors and may capture performance features difficult to assess with traditional tools. However, the current evidence base is limited by methodological variability, restricted age diversity, and underreporting of core psychometric indices. Future research should adopt standardized validation protocols, include representative developmental samples, and integrate multi‑informant and longitudinal approaches to verify the ecological validity and clinical generalizability of HMD‑VR assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148702571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silent Trauma: Implications of Non-Fatal Strangulation-Acquired Brain Injury - An Integrative Review.","authors":"A E Donaldson, K M Ali","doi":"10.1007/s11065-026-09712-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-026-09712-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-fatal strangulation (NFS) is a severe form of Intimate partner violence (IPV) that can result in acquired brain injuries (ABI), yet this link is frequently overlooked. Misdiagnosis and limited awareness contribute to long-term physical and mental health complications. Evidence-based protocols for identifying and managing non-fatal strangulation-acquired brain injury (NFS-ABI) are lacking, which prevents the delivery of standardised care. Long-term outcomes remain understudied. To synthesise current evidence on the neurological and psychological sequelae of (NFS- ABI), and to identify implications for clinical practice and policy. An integrative review. A comprehensive search of eight databases was conducted. Twenty-six peer-reviewed articles met the inclusion criteria, exploring IPV-NFS and its potential link to ABI, associated neurological and psychological deficits, and implications for healthcare professionals. Findings were synthesised to inform policy and improve clinical management of NFS-ABI. Evidence indicates that NFS-ABI can lead to significant cognitive, emotional, and physical impairments. However, screening and management strategies remain inconsistent. The review highlights the urgent need for validated screening tools and clinical guidelines to ensure timely identification and intervention for survivors. Healthcare professionals require training and standardised assessment tools and protocols to recognise and manage NFS-ABI effectively. Improved detection and treatment can reduce chronic morbidity and enhance outcomes for NFS-ABI survivors. This review informs policy development and clinical practice, emphasising the importance of integrating NFS-ABI screening into health care pathways. This review contains no patient or public contribution since it was examining the neurological and psychological sequelae of (NFS- ABI), and to identify implications for clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148690287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Language Skills of Children and Adolescents with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Liyan Yu, Dan Liu, Jonathan M Payne, Heather L Thompson, Xian Wu, Julia Moreira, Lauren Morey, Michael Peper, Hannah Iroff, Benjamin F Mujica, Yang Hou","doi":"10.1007/s11065-026-09698-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-026-09698-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This meta-analysis aimed to robustly estimate mean differences in oral language skills between children and adolescents with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and the general population, and to examine potential moderators contributing to variability in these group differences. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, and ProQuest on March 31, 2025, yielding 2,531 records. Among them, 44 studies met inclusion criteria, comprising 2,479 individuals with NF1 (45.10% female; M_age = 8.58 years, SD = 3.81). Results showed that individuals with NF1 performed significantly lower than controls in overall oral language skills (n = 45, k = 131, g = -0.66, 95% CI [-0.78, -0.54], I² = 82.91%), as well as in all subdomains including core language skills (g = -0.79, 95% CI [-0.99, -0.58]), expressive language (g = -0.63, 95% CI [-0.80, -0.47]), receptive language (g = -0.59, 95% CI [-0.79, -0.39]), and phonological awareness (g = -0.68, 95% CI [-0.86, -0.51]). These group differences remained consistent across studies that vary in sample mean age, sex composition, NF1 inheritance mode, ADHD or learning disorder diagnosis, intelligence, working memory, comparison group type, sampling resources, and measures. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve oral language skills among individuals with NF1 and emphasize the importance of exploring underlying factors using individual-level data and large representative samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Social Cognition in Neurological and Psychiatric Patients: A Psychometric Meta-analysis.","authors":"M Pittet, A Piolet, M Picard, A A Sokolov, P d'Honincthun","doi":"10.1007/s11065-026-09710-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-026-09710-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social cognition impairments have received growing attention in both neuroscientific research and clinical practice, largely due to their high prevalence in neurological and psychiatric populations. However, selecting an appropriate and sensitive assessment tool remains challenging in both fields due to the limited availability of comprehensive psychometric data across conditions. Suboptimal test selection may significantly influence research outcomes and diagnostic accuracy. To address this, this meta-analysis synthesizes the literature on the validation of social attribution tasks, including theory of mind (ToM) and emotion recognition measures, across a broad range of clinical conditions. We extracted psychometric data (i.e. known-group, content and convergent validity, sensitivity/specificity, test-retest reliability, interrater reliability, internal consistency) from validation studies published until May 2024. Pooled effect sizes, confidence intervals, and heterogeneity indices were estimated within a random-effect model. In addition, we synthesized all available psychometric criteria for each test. We also examined ecological validity, which is particularly relevant for social cognition. Of 1055 articles, 55 studies reporting psychometric data from 3'845 patients and 3'807 control subjects were included in the present paper. Known-group validity was assessed via pooled effect sizes derived from 46 studies with control groups, with robust outcomes for schizophrenia and ASD (ToM tests only), but considerable heterogeneity and inconsistencies for other populations. Several tasks and batteries emerged as particularly well validated for specific conditions. Our findings underscore the importance and possibility of selecting valid social attribution tests for a given population of interest. This article provides useful information to facilitate this selection process, including a review of ecological validity. Additional research is needed to promote the validation and use of social cognition assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148609454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description and Effectiveness of Environmental Approaches to Cognitive Rehabilitation for Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials.","authors":"Ella Waldman, Jennie Ponsford, Michal Boneh, Jessica Trevena-Peters","doi":"10.1007/s11065-026-09711-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-026-09711-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interventions addressing cognitive impairments after traumatic brain injury (TBI) often rely on survivors' relatively preserved capacity to learn, initiate, and consistently use rehabilitation strategies, along with the ability to apply strategies in various contexts. The cognitive functions required for such active engagement in rehabilitation are commonly impaired after TBI, consequently limiting the benefits of many existing cognitive rehabilitation approaches. Environmental approaches, which involve manipulating the environment to support cognition and function, may benefit TBI survivors, as they do not require active involvement of the user to initiate and maintain their use. Although these approaches are recommended by experts and frequently used, their effectiveness and components are largely unknown. We conducted a systematic review, searching for randomised controlled trials of adults with TBI who received environmental interventions for cognitive or related functional outcomes, compared to any control. Two reviewers independently undertook screening and data extraction following a standardised protocol. Risk of bias was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Instruments. Five studies were included in the review. Environmental intervention approaches included prompting (three studies) and trained communication partners (two studies), both of which demonstrated relatively strong evidence for their effectiveness. Key methodological limitations included insufficient blinding to group allocation, randomisation concealment, reliability of outcome measurement, and lack of baseline similarity between groups. Whilst environmental approaches involving prompting and trained communication partners demonstrate potential for improving the daily functioning of individuals with TBI, further research is needed.Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD42024592708, registered September 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":49754,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148594287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}