Notes and Records-The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science最新文献_第4页

Instrument provision and geographical science: the work of the Royal Geographical Society, 1830–ca 1930 仪器供应和地理科学：英国皇家地理学会的工作，1830年至1930年

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Notes and Records-The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science Pub Date : 2018-10-10 DOI: 10.1098/RSNR.2018.0034

J. Wess, C. Withers

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引用次数: 6

‘Too much for mee to speake of’: the many facets of John Wallis's life and legacy “太多了，我无法谈论”：约翰·瓦利斯生活和遗产的许多方面

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Notes and Records-The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science Pub Date : 2018-10-10 DOI: 10.1098/RSNR.2018.0047

Adam D. Richter, Stephen D. Snobelen

{"title":"‘Too much for mee to speake of’: the many facets of John Wallis's life and legacy","authors":"Adam D. Richter, Stephen D. Snobelen","doi":"10.1098/RSNR.2018.0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/RSNR.2018.0047","url":null,"abstract":"Many early modern men and women left behind documents and artefacts that suggested how they wanted to be remembered. By the time John Wallis, the Oxford-based mathematician and theologian, had died in 1703, he had left several such items for future generations. For instance, in 1697, he wrote an autobiographical letter to his friend Thomas Smith, fellow of Magdalen College. The letter begins with an account of how Wallis, born in Ashford, Kent, in 1616 to a minister and his wife, spent his childhood at schools in Kent and Essex before he matriculated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, in 1632. After graduating BA (1637) and MA (1640) from Emmanuel, Wallis was ordained as a minister and might have stayed on the clerical career path if not for certain unexpected developments, described in his letter, that led him toward a different career. In particular, Wallis explained how he discovered his aptitude for mathematics when, while home from Cambridge for Christmas in 1631, he learned basic arithmetic from his brother, who was training for a career as a draper. Wallis's natural mathematical ability would prove invaluable when, in 1649, he was installed as Savilian Professor of Geometry despite having little mathematical training. Although the reasons for his appointment were at least partly political,1 the results were spectacular: Wallis published a flurry of ground-breaking mathematical works during the 1650s, and he went on to enjoy a long and productive mathematical career for the next half-century. The rest of Wallis's autobiographical letter focuses on the significant events in which he participated throughout his life, from serving as a scribe in the Westminster Assembly of Divines to the founding of the Royal Society of London, of which he was an active member.2 These were the aspects of his career that Wallis sought to preserve …","PeriodicalId":49744,"journal":{"name":"Notes and Records-The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science","volume":"72 1","pages":"407 - 412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1098/RSNR.2018.0047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43507539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geometry, religion and politics: context and consequences of the Hobbes–Wallis dispute 几何、宗教与政治:霍布斯-沃利斯之争的背景与后果

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Notes and Records-The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science Pub Date : 2018-10-10 DOI: 10.1098/rsnr.2018.0026

D. Jesseph

引用次数: 5

Polity and liturgy in the philosophy of John Wallis 约翰·沃利斯哲学中的政体和礼拜仪式

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Notes and Records-The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science Pub Date : 2018-10-10 DOI: 10.1098/RSNR.2018.0027

Jason M. Rampelt

引用次数: 0

Leonardo da Vinci's discovery of the dynamic soaring by birds in wind shear 列奥纳多·达·芬奇发现鸟类在风切变中的动态翱翔

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Notes and Records-The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science Pub Date : 2018-10-03 DOI: 10.1098/rsnr.2018.0024

P. Richardson

引用次数: 14

John Wallis's world of ink: from manuscripts to library 约翰·瓦利斯的墨水世界：从手稿到图书馆

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Notes and Records-The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science Pub Date : 2018-10-03 DOI: 10.1098/rsnr.2018.0022

Louisiane Ferlier

引用次数: 2

Selling visions: Kantianism, cameralism and applied science realized through encyclopaediae in Germany and beyond 销售愿景:通过德国及其他地区的百科全书实现的康德主义、摄影主义和应用科学

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Notes and Records-The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science Pub Date : 2018-09-20 DOI: 10.1098/rsnr.2018.0007

R. Bud

{"title":"Selling visions: Kantianism, cameralism and applied science realized through encyclopaediae in Germany and beyond","authors":"R. Bud","doi":"10.1098/rsnr.2018.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2018.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the introduction of the term ‘applied sciences’ into English from German at the beginning of the nineteenth century. First used for, and in, The Encyclopaedia Metropolitana, a project of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, the term served to describe the space between pure knowledge and practice, for a community to whom change in commerce and agriculture required elite management as well as encouragement. Addressed to those of ‘clerkly acquirements’, the audience anticipated Coleridge's later term of ‘clerisy’. I argue that we see a rather late example, on the periphery of the German cultural world in academically underserved Britain, of the importance of the encyclopaedia as a means of structuring knowledge. Mediating between an international cameralist tradition, a Kantian philosophical framework and a newly wealthy and aspirational audience, The Encyclopaedia Metropolitana was a cultural weapon through both its contents and its structure. It provided meaning to applied sciences as an epistemic category less certain than, and dependent on, the pure sciences, but also inclusive of a range of important subjects from chemistry to fortification. I argue that the term had served this role already in German, particularly after its adoption by Kantians, and moreover in encyclopaediae. In The Encyclopaedia Metropolitana, too, the categories of pure and applied science enabled the editor and readers to manage the burgeoning knowledge and destabilizing change of the early nineteenth century.","PeriodicalId":49744,"journal":{"name":"Notes and Records-The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science","volume":"72 1","pages":"199 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1098/rsnr.2018.0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45335209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Humphry Davy: a study in narcissism? 汉弗莱·戴维：自恋研究？

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Notes and Records-The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science Pub Date : 2018-09-20 DOI: 10.1098/rsnr.2017.0055

G. Cantor

引用次数: 2

‘Homoeopathy flourishes in the far East’: A forgotten history of homeopathy in late nineteenth-century China “顺势疗法在远东蓬勃发展”：19世纪末被遗忘的中国顺势疗法史

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Notes and Records-The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science Pub Date : 2018-09-19 DOI: 10.1098/rsnr.2018.0041

Di-lai Lu

{"title":"‘Homoeopathy flourishes in the far East’: A forgotten history of homeopathy in late nineteenth-century China","authors":"Di-lai Lu","doi":"10.1098/rsnr.2018.0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2018.0041","url":null,"abstract":"Homeopathy and its transnational transmission have received significant attention from historians of medicine. But the emergence of homeopathy in modern Chinese society has remained little explored. This article identifies the homeopathic practitioners arriving in nineteenth-century China, and then explores their origins, efforts and sense of professional identity in a transnational context. The history of homeopathy in China is found to begin in the late nineteenth century, during which the growth of the Christian missionary enterprise promoted the arrival of sporadic Euro-American homeopathic practitioners, also missionaries, in coastal regions of China. Almost all of them received professional training in American homeopathic medical institutions; and most of them were females, providing additional opportunities for local women patients to receive treatment. The practitioners recognized homeopathy and their collective homeopathic identity, but their healing services were not necessarily essentially homeopathic. Homeopathy that they learnt also evolved and transacted with exotic knowledge during its globalization. Under the influence of homeopathy, some Euro-Americans claimed to have discovered homeopathic elements in Chinese medical ideas and practice. The early history of homeopathy explored in this article helps deconstruct the popular imagination of a coherent ‘Western medicine’ in modern China.","PeriodicalId":49744,"journal":{"name":"Notes and Records-The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1098/rsnr.2018.0041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44979531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Towards a methodology for analysing nineteenth-century collecting journeys of science and empire, with Charles Darwin's activities in Tierra del Fuego as a case study 以查尔斯·达尔文在火地岛的活动为例，探讨分析19世纪科学与帝国收藏之旅的方法

IF 0.4 3区哲学

Notes and Records-The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science Pub Date : 2018-08-29 DOI: 10.1098/rsnr.2018.0012

J. Owen

{"title":"Towards a methodology for analysing nineteenth-century collecting journeys of science and empire, with Charles Darwin's activities in Tierra del Fuego as a case study","authors":"J. Owen","doi":"10.1098/rsnr.2018.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2018.0012","url":null,"abstract":"The interests of Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in natural history and evolution took them to remote parts of the globe on hazardous, multi-sensory journeys that were ultimately about collecting. This paper introduces a methodology for exploring these complex experiences in more detail, informed by historical geography, anthropology, textual analysis and the geo-humanities. It involves looking for evidence of the richly stimulating and often challenging sensory dynamics within which they collected and connected data, observations, images, specimens, memories and ideas. Darwin's exploits in Tierra del Fuego are examined as a case study, with a particular focus on the collection of ‘Fuegian’ body paints in 1833. This type of analysis provides a fresh insight into the multi-sensory entanglement of encounter with people and place involved in the collecting process. It helps us to understand better the experiences that shaped what was collected and brought back to Britain, and the personal observations associated with these collections that sowed the seeds for Darwin's work on the origin of species.","PeriodicalId":49744,"journal":{"name":"Notes and Records-The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2018-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1098/rsnr.2018.0012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48227497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1