Nursing Research最新文献

{"title":"Nursing Science and the Law.","authors":"Alice E Dupler","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000762","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000762","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":"73 6","pages":"421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in Self-Reported Stress Versus Hair and Nail Cortisol Among Adolescent and Young Adult Males.","authors":"Rebecca Schnall, Jianfang Liu, Evette Cordoba, Maeve Brin, Robert Garofalo, Lisa M Kuhns, Vikrant Jandev, Fathima Raviya Careem, Muhammadzohir Hidoyatov, Janeth Juarez Padilla, Cynthia Pearson, D Scott Batey, Allison A Norful, Kestutis Bendinskas","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000757","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic stress causes harmful physiological responses that yield increased inflammation and subsequent health conditions. Stress is an important measure among minoritized populations who face social situations that predispose risk to developing mental health problems. Hair and fingernail cortisol have been studied as retrospective measures of chronic stress and to demonstrate biological response to social situations.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to compare the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) with hair and nail cortisol concentrations and assess the risk factors associated with stress levels among heterosexual and sexual and gender-minoritized adolescent males.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited a cohort of adolescents who were assigned male sex at birth. Approximately half of our cohort consisted of sexual and gender-minoritized people, and half consisted of heterosexual cisgender males. Participants provided hair and nail samples and completed a survey that included demographic and hair hygiene questions and the PSS. Hair and nail samples were processed in a laboratory, and survey results were analyzed descriptively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several samples were not provided or received, and some survey data were missing. Hair and nail cortisol values were significantly associated. There was no significant relationship between the PSS and hair and nail cortisol values. No significant differences were found between the heterosexual and sexual minoritized groups. Black participants reported lower perceived stress scores compared to White participants. Participants whose gender was nonbinary or genderqueer had higher hair cortisol values compared to those who identified as male. Older participants had higher hair cortisol values compared to younger participants.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Previous researchers have similarly found no correlation between self-report stress scales and cortisol values, increased stress experience among nonbinary or genderqueer individuals compared to cisgender individuals, and a positive correlation between aging and stress. Yet, our finding that Black participants reported lower stress levels than White participants is unexpected. Our study demonstrates a high correlation between hair and nail cortisol values, suggesting the potential to substitute these markers as needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"442-449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11518648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Activity Behaviors of Female Adolescents in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Muna Ali Alali, Lorraine B Robbins, Tsui-Sui Annie Kao, Jiying Ling, Dola Pathak, Alan L Smith","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000763","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Saudi Arabia has one of the highest childhood obesity rates worldwide. The primary factor associated with the high prevalence of obesity among adolescents is a lack of physical activity (PA). Compared to male adolescents, very few Saudi female adolescents meet the World Health Organization recommendation of achieving 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA per day, putting them at a higher risk of overweight and obesity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the relationship between the theory of planned behavior and psychosocial factors, including attitude toward PA, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control (PBC), PA intention, and self-reported PA among Saudi female adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A convenience sample of 329 Saudi female adolescents was recruited from all-female public intermediate and high schools in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using online self-administered questionnaires. The theoretical model was examined using structural equation modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed a higher prevalence of overweight compared to obesity among participants. About half the participants were from families with a medium monthly income. The mean PA score indicated a low level of PA. The model demonstrated significant explanatory power for both PA intention and PA behavior, respectively. The strongest predictor of adolescents' intention was attitude, followed by PBC.Moreover, the female adolescents' attitudes and PBC had significant indirect effects on self-reported PA through intention, whereas intention had a direct effect on PA. The model did not support a direct or indirect relationship between subjective norms and PA.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings provide essential support for targeting attitude and perceived behavior control of female adolescents in order to enhance their PA intention. This theoretical understanding can help design effective theory-based interventions that promote PA among Saudi female adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"458-466"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomized Controlled Trial of Interventions Used by Midwives to Treat Fear of Childbirth.","authors":"Sergio Mies Padilla, Héctor González de la Torre, Elena López Alcaide, José Verdú Soriano, Alicia Martín Martínez","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000756","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fear of childbirth affects women worldwide and can have adverse consequences. Midwives have implemented a number of interventions, autonomously or as part of a professional team. However, midwives have been unable to identify the most appropriate intervention for ensuring the reduction or alleviation of this fear to provide the best perinatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a prenatal educational intervention followed by specific support during childbirth, designed and delivered exclusively by midwives for women with a high fear of childbirth.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This randomized controlled trial was performed with two arms in two phases: an online prenatal education phase followed by a support phase during childbirth. Participating women with a high fear of childbirth, which was determined using the Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire A-Spanish version, were assigned to the experimental group or the usual care control group at a 1:1 ratio.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women showed a reduction in fear of childbirth in both phases of the study. According to the intention-to-treat analysis, a significant mean difference was observed in the prenatal stage in favor of the intervention group, and a nonsignificant difference was observed in favor of this same group after delivery.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The effectiveness of continuous specific prenatal education with preferential support during childbirth by midwives was indicated by improvements in the level of fear of childbirth.</p>","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"E221-E231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Pandemic Increases in Nursing-Sensitive Quality Indicators.","authors":"Eileen T Lake, Angela Pascale, Nora E Warshawsky, Jessica G Smith, Douglas Staiger, Jeannette A Rogowski","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000771","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pandemic profoundly stressed practicing nurses and could have thereby affected trends in nursing-sensitive quality indicators (NSIs), measures that detect changes in patient health status directly affected by nursing care.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to determine if NSIs have worsened in response to the pandemic and then returned to prepandemic levels using data from 2019 through 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study of annual trends, examining unit data from the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators (NDNQI) from 2019 through 2022 for five indicators: rates of falls, central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI), catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI), hospital-acquired pressure injuries (HAPI), and ventilator-associated events (VAE). The NDNQI is the largest repository of nursing quality indicators, which are derived from patient-level events, reported at the nursing unit level, and submitted quarterly by over 2,000 member hospitals. Adult medical-surgical or critical care inpatient nursing units with complete data for the 4 years were included, with samples ranging from 456 to 5,818 nursing units in 2,346 hospitals. Analysis of variance was conducted by comparing the 2019 rates to each subsequent year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In decreasing order of prevalence, the mean prepandemic rates were 6.58 VAE per 1,000 ventilator days (critical care only), 2.41 HAPI per 1,000 device days, 2.20 falls per 1,000 patient days, 0.96 CAUTI per 1,000 catheter days, and 0.68 CLABSI per 1,000 central line days for medical-surgical and critical care units combined. The rates for all five nurse-sensitive indicators increased significantly beginning in 2020 and have begun to decline but have not returned to baseline by 2022. The maximum rate was observed in 2020 for falls and 2021 for the remaining indicators. These increases to the maximum ranged from a 12% increase in CAUTI to 49% for CLABSI.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>NSIs increased during the pandemic and are now returning to baseline. The pandemic underscored the importance of nursing practice. The pandemic's enduring negative effects on the nursing workforce must be addressed to preserve patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"490-495"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who Are They? Identification of Study Participants.","authors":"Rita H Pickler","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000766","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000766","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":"73 6","pages":"415-416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the Relationship Between Nurse Staffing and Medication Pass Workload Using National Barcode Data.","authors":"Chase S Eck, Melissa K Knox, Paras D Mehta, Laura A Petersen","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000764","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Measuring and assessing the relationship between inpatient nurse staffing and workload across a national health system is difficult because of challenges in systematically observing inpatient workload at the unit level.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to apply a novel measure of inpatient nurse workload to estimate the relationship between inpatient nurse staffing and nurse workload at the unit level during a key nursing activity: the peak-time medication pass.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Veterans Health Administration, the largest employer of nurses in the United States. The sample included all patients ( n = 1,578,399 patient days) admitted to 311 non-intensive care unit inpatient acute care units in 112 hospitals in 2019 (104,588 unit days). Staffing was measured as the unit-level, nurse-to-patient ratio, and workload was measured using average time (duration) for RNs to complete the peak-time medication pass.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a negative relationship between the RN-to-patient ratio and average peak-time medication pass duration after adjusting for unit-level patient volume and average patient severity of illness and other unit-level factors. This relationship was nonlinear: The marginal effect of staffing on workload decreased as staffing increased.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>As unit-level nurse staffing increased, average RN workload decreased. This result suggests that interventions to improve nurse staffing may have larger nonlinear effects for units with lower staffing levels. Understanding the effect of differing staffing decisions on variations in nursing workload is critical for adopting models of care that effectively use scarce staffing resources and contribute to retaining nurses in the inpatient workforce. This work provides evidence that peak-time medication pass duration is a valid process-based measure of workload and highlights the potential diminishing returns to increasing staffing.</p>","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"450-457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Men's Perceptions and Expectations of Fertility Clinics.","authors":"Mehrdad Abdullahzadeh, Zohreh Vanaki, Eesa Mohammadi, Jamileh Mohtashami","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000767","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Most of the research and care in fertility focuses on women, whereas men's perspectives and expectations are often overlooked.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to explore the experiences and expectations of men with primary infertility regarding fertility clinics and to provide implications for personalized and inclusive care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative study was conducted in Iran between November 2022 and October 2023. Thirteen men with primary infertility were interviewed in-depth using a semistructured approach. Data were analyzed using the inductive content analysis method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The central theme, \"Therapy Environment: Private and Interactive,\" was identified. The theme comprises four categories: Effective Interaction-A Key to Therapy Success; Infertility Treatment-A Joint Effort; Personal and Stress-Free Environment-Essential for Treatment; and Treatment Plan-Vital for Successful Outcome.</p><p><strong>Discussions: </strong>Study findings underscore the importance of tailored approaches to male infertility care. Healthcare providers should prioritize personalized, stress-free environments for male infertility patients and encourage effective communication and joint participation with partners to achieve successful outcomes. Tailored approaches and therapeutic settings should be created to cater to male patients' unique needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"467-473"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Implications of Black Identity Among Latinos: A Call for Afro-Latina Representation in Maternal Child Health Research.","authors":"Alexa Parra, Vanessa Morales, Cynthia N Lebron, Hudson P Santos","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000769","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000769","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":"73 6","pages":"417-419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Weighting Methods to Understand Improved Outcomes Attributable to Public Health Nursing Interventions.","authors":"Jared D Huling, Robin R Austin, Sheng-Chieh Lu, Michelle A Mathiason, Anna M Pirsch, Karen A Monsen","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000750","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The complex work of public health nurses (PHNs) specifically related to mental health assessment, intervention, and outcomes makes it difficult to quantify and evaluate the improvement in client outcomes attributable to their interventions.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We examined heterogeneity across parents of infants served by PHNs receiving different interventions, compared the ability of traditional propensity scoring methods versus energy-balancing weight (EBW) techniques to adjust for the complex and stark differences in baseline characteristics among those receiving different interventions, and evaluated the causal effects of the quantity and variety of PHN interventions on client health and social outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study of 4,109 clients used existing Omaha System data generated during the routine documentation of PHN home visit data. We estimated the effects of intervention by computing and comparing weighted averages of the outcomes within the different treatment groups using two weighting methods: (a) inverse probability of treatment (propensity score) weighting and (b) EBWs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clients served by PHNs differed in baseline characteristics with clients with more signs/symptoms. Both weighting methods reduced heterogeneity in the sample. EBWs were more effective than inverse probability of treatment weighting in adjusting for multifaceted confounding and resulted in close balance of 105 baseline characteristics. Weighting the sample changed outcome patterns, especially when using EBWs. Clients who received more PHN interventions and a wider variety of them had improved knowledge, behavior, and status outcomes with no plateau over time, whereas the unweighted sample showed plateaus in outcomes over the course of home-visiting services.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Causal analysis of PHN-generated data demonstrated PHN intervention effectiveness for clients with mental health signs/symptoms. EBWs are a promising tool for evaluating the true causal effect of PHN home-visiting interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"390-398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}