Nursing Research最新文献

{"title":"Influence of Preterm Birth and Environmental Context on Academic Performance and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes.","authors":"Michelle M Kelly, Margaret Brace","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000751","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preterm birth affects 10% of all births annually in the United States. Outcomes of people born preterm are challenging to predict because of multiple influences, including gestational age, birth weight, and social and environmental contexts, that contribute to an individual's growth and developmental trajectory. The influence of toxic stress is underrepresented in the literature assessing preterm birth outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current analyses use the eco-bio-developmental model of poverty and preterm birth as a framework to model the pathways among toxic stress, preterm birth, and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Poverty and toxic stress were hypothesized to increase the risk for impaired neurodevelopmental and academic outcomes-both directly and indirectly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The analytic sample of 55,873 children aged 6-17 years was derived from the National Survey of Children's Health 2020-2021. Structural equation models with combined measurement and path models for each dependent variable were constructed using latent toxic stress variables. The structural path equations included direct paths from the latent measure of prenatal toxic stress, preterm birth status, and the latent measure of childhood toxic stress to the neurodevelopmental outcome, as well as an indirect, mediated path from prenatal toxic stress through preterm birth status to the outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across models, higher levels of prenatal toxic stress were significantly associated with preterm birth and lower birth weight ranges. Preterm low birth weight status was associated with a greater likelihood of neurodevelopmental impairment, repeating a grade, and special education plans. The predicted probabilities of neurodevelopmental impairment, repeating grades, and special education plans are significantly higher with above-average levels of exposure to prenatal and childhood toxic stress.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>There is a need for prospective studies that assess predictors and outcomes of preterm birth that are stratified by gestational age and consider the timing, chronicity, and influence of toxic stress and environmental exposures. There is an imperative for public health programs and policies designed to support families, caregivers, and children to address the individual and structural social determinants of health that contribute to toxic stress, thereby increasing preterm birth rates and negatively affecting the outcomes of children born preterm.</p>","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"342-353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake, Infection Rates, and Seropositivity Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness in the United States.","authors":"Diane M Santa Maria, Nikhil Padhye, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, Carolyn Z Grimes, Adeline Nyamathi, Marguerita Lightfoot, Yasmeen Quadri, Mary E Paul, Jennifer Torres Jones","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000747","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People experiencing homelessness are at greater risk of exposure and poor health outcomes from COVID-19. However, little data exist on the prevalence and correlates of COVID-19 among homeless populations. To mitigate the spread and severity, uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine is needed. This can be challenging among youth experiencing homelessness who are more likely to be unvaccinated when compared to stably housed youth.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We conducted this study to determine the prevalence and correlates of COVID-19 among youth experiencing homelessness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined experiences of COVID-19 symptoms, self-report of infection, and rates of COVID-19 antibodies and distinguished between natural and vaccinated immunity among youth experiencing homelessness ( N = 265) recruited in one large metropolitan area in the south.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on self-report, very few participants experienced any symptoms, and 80% had never been diagnosed with COVID-19. Of those with COVID-19 antibodies (68%), the proportion with antibodies resulting from natural infection was 44%. The vaccination rate was 42%. Younger and vaccinated participants and those in shelters were likelier to have COVID-19 antibodies. Black and Hispanic youth were more likely than White youth to have had COVID-19. Those who adopted only one or two prevention behaviors were more likely to acquire a natural infection than those who adopted three or more prevention behaviors.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Youth experiencing homelessness report low vaccination rates, disrupted access to healthcare and social supports, and underlying chronic conditions, which may explain why they face poorer outcomes when infected with COVID-19. Vaccination and risk mitigation strategies to combat the high prevalence of COVID-19 are especially needed for sheltered youth who are at high risk yet are often asymptomatic.</p>","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"373-380"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11344680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141162751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Musical Activity Engagement, Depressive Symptoms, Physical Activity, and Cognitive Function in People With Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Jeeyeon Kim, Heather Cuevas","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000749","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Music interventions have beneficial effects on cognitive function and related risk factors, such as depressive symptoms and behavior of exercise participation. However, little research has been conducted on music's effects on people with type 2 diabetes, and evidence of the effect remains inconclusive in this population.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Guided by the theory of music, mood, and movement (MMM), this exploratory study aimed to examine the direct and indirect effects of musical activity engagement, depressive symptoms, and physical activity on cognitive function in people with type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study is a secondary data analysis using the cross-sectional data collected from the Memory, Attention, and Problem-Solving Skills for Persons With Diabetes trial conducted between 2021 and 2023. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires and a computerized cognitive assessment tool. A total of 189 people with type 2 diabetes and subjective cognitive decline were included in the study. Path analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS AMOS to examine the pathways of the proposed conceptual framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study results partially support the MMM model for subjective cognitive function but not objective cognitive function. The path model demonstrated the significant direct effects of musical activity engagement on physical activity, physical activity on subjective cognitive function, and depressive symptoms on physical activity as well as on subjective cognitive function. There was a significant indirect effect of musical activity engagement on subjective cognitive function through physical activity-which fully mediated this relationship. However, no significant direct effect of musical activity engagement on depressive symptoms and subjective cognitive function was found.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings suggest that regular assessment of the presence of depressive symptoms and physical activity participation should be done in people with type 2 diabetes to identify potential modifiable factors and develop targeted interventions for cognitive health promotion. Also, our findings provide insights into the potential use of music to facilitate physical activity and manage cognitive health in people with type 2 diabetes. This study partially supports the MMM model; however, more research with a rigorous study design and larger sample size is needed to better understand the relationships among musical activity engagement, depressive symptoms, physical activity, and cognitive function.</p>","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"381-389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11344666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141260338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing Nursing Science With Biobehavioral Approaches.","authors":"Samantha A Cintron, Qiuhua Shen, Janet D Pierce","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000746","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000746","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":"73 5","pages":"340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nursing Science: This I Believe.","authors":"Jerusha N Mogaka","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000745","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000745","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":"73 5","pages":"339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Understanding and Management of Obesity: Reflections on Behavioral Weight Loss and Food Cue Reactivity.","authors":"Lien-Chung Wei, Chin-Kuai Chiu","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000744","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000744","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":"73 5","pages":"341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer Reviewer Contributions, Challenges, and Training.","authors":"Rita H Pickler","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000754","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000754","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":"73 5","pages":"337-338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Care Use Among Patients With Multiple Chronic Conditions Receiving Care From Nurse Practitioner Practices in Health Professional Shortage Areas.","authors":"Amy McMenamin, Eleanor Turi, Justinna Dixon, Jianfang Liu, Grant Martsolf, Lusine Poghosyan","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000758","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with multiple chronic conditions often have many care plans, polypharmacy, and unrelieved symptoms that contribute to high emergency department and hospital use. High-quality primary care delivered in practices that employ nurse practitioners can help prevent the need for such acute care services. However, such practices located in primary care health professional shortage areas face challenges caring for these patients because of higher workloads and fewer resources.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We examined differences in hospitalization and emergency department use among patients with multiple chronic conditions who receive care from practices that employ nurse practitioners in health professional shortage areas compared to practices that employ nurse practitioners in non-health professional shortage areas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed an analysis of Medicare claims, merged with Health Resources and Services Administration data on health professional shortage area status in five states. Our sample included 394,424 community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years, with at least two of 15 common chronic conditions who received care in 779 practices that employ nurse practitioners. We used logistic regression to assess the relationship between health professional shortage area status and emergency department visits or hospitalizations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a higher likelihood of emergency department visits among patients in health professional shortage areas compared to those in non-health professional shortage areas and no difference in the likelihood of hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Emergency department use differences exist among older adults with multiple chronic conditions receiving care in practices that employ nurse practitioners in health professional shortage areas, compared to those in non-health professional shortage areas. To address this disparity, the health professional shortage area program should invest in recruiting and retaining nurse practitioners to health professional shortage areas to ease workforce shortages.</p>","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"E212-E220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11344658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and Validity of Measures Commonly Utilized to Assess Nurse Well-Being.","authors":"Nicholas A Giordano, Omid Razmpour, Jennifer S Mascaro, Deanna M Kaplan, Apryl S Lewis, Marianne Baird, Polly H Willis, Lisa Reif, Rajitha Bommakanti, Alexa Lisenby, Tim Cunningham, Jeannie P Cimiotti","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000752","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A healthy nursing workforce is vital to ensuring that patients are provided quality care. Assessing nurses' well-being and related factors requires routine evaluations from health system leaders that leverage brief psychometrically sound measures. To date, measures used to assess nurses' well-being have primarily been psychometrically tested among other clinicians or nurses working in specific clinical practice settings rather than in large, representative, heterogeneous samples of nurses.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to psychometrically test measures frequently used to evaluate factors linked to nurse well-being in a heterogeneous sample of nurses within a large academic health system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional, survey-based study used a convenience sample of nurses working across acute care practice settings. A total of 177 nurses completed measures, which included the Professional Quality of Life, the short form of the Professional Quality of Life measure, the two-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the five-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index, the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale, and the single-item Mini-Z. Internal reliability and convergent validity were assessed for each measure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All the measures were found to be reliable. Brief measures used to assess domains of well-being demonstrated validity with longer measures, as evident by significant correlation coefficients.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study provides support for the reliability and validity of measures commonly used to assess well-being in a diverse sample of nurses working across acute care settings. Data from routine assessments of the nursing workforce hold the potential to guide the implementation and evaluation of interventions capable of promoting workplace well-being. Assessments should include psychometrically sound, low-burden measures, such as those evaluated in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"399-405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141260339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment Complications Associated With Hospital Admission in Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients.","authors":"Laura McLaughlin, Timothy Chrusciel, Usa Khemthong","doi":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000729","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NNR.0000000000000729","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) survivorship is a nursing priority because patients are living longer while significant short-term and long-term treatment complications that require nursing care are increasing. Hospital readmission is costly and reflects the quality of care patients receive.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This secondary analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of treatment complications resulting in hospital admissions among persons with OPC and examine the relationship between treatment complications resulting in hospital admission among persons with OPC and all other persons with head and neck cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the National Inpatient Survey 2008-2019 database, we identified persons with relevant head and neck cancer diagnoses using specific International Classification of Disease ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes. Complications were operationalized by diagnosis-related codes; persons with codes for major elective surgery were excluded as our focus was posttreatment symptoms requiring hospitalization. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize persons with OPC hospitalized between 2008 and 2019. Binary logistic regression was used to assess complications using crude comparisons. The Elixhauser Comorbidity Index was used for controlling for comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analysis samples included 751,533: 164,770 persons with OPC and 586,763 with other head and cancers. The most prevalent diagnoses observed in those with OPC were esophagitis, nutrition disorder, hematological disorder, and renal failure; the least common diagnoses were sepsis, respiratory tract infection, and pneumonia. Binary regression revealed that persons with OPC experienced significantly more esophagitis, nutrition disorders, hematological disorders, and renal failure compared to persons with other head and neck cancers.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Treatment of survivors of OPC requires more intensive monitoring for early symptoms associated with treatment, including esophagitis, nutrition disorders, bleeding disorders, and renal failure, than persons with other head and neck cancers. Monitoring laboratory values and clinical manifestations of these conditions is imperative. Nurses may encounter persons with OPC in emergency departments, outpatient radiology, or inpatient general medicine floors to manage swallowing difficulties, dehydration, malnutrition, and bleeding. Delayed or ineffective treatment of these conditions contributes to readmission, financial burden, and impairment of patient's quality of life. Future research should investigate the relationship between targeted treatment for expected complications and readmission rates in persons with OPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":49723,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"354-363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140159412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}