Pedobiologia最新文献

{"title":"Differential responses of soil microorganisms to precipitation changes in austral semiarid grasslands","authors":"Santiago Toledo ,&nbsp;Veronica Gargaglione ,&nbsp;Laura Yahdjian ,&nbsp;Pablo L. Peri","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2023.150873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2023.150873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global climate models predict that precipitation regimes will change, generating great impacts on various ecosystem processes and functions. Therefore, it is important to know how drought and precipitation increases would affect the soil microorganims and plants. We established a precipitation manipulation experiment, with treatments ranging from 54% reduction (drought) to 54% increases (irrigation) in a semiarid ecosystem, and measured microbial carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN), soil basal respiration (SBR), microbial metabolic coefficients (qCO₂), and estimated the sequestration and fluxes of CO₂ by soil microorganisms. While simulated drought did not modify the microbial community attributes, the microbial biomass increased with greater precipitation, which in the long term could lead to greater carbon (C) sequestration by the microbial pathway and a decline in potential CO₂ emissions into the atmosphere. This study shows that microorganisms of the semiarid soil are able to withstand drought and are possibly able to adopt resistance mechanisms under dry conditions. However, drought or increased precipitation did not affect SBR. The results showed that plants’ and soil microorganisms’ responses to precipitation change were asymmetric and different. The study quantifies the contributions of microorganisms to sequestered C by soil microbial biomass (≈35 g MBC m⁻²) and CO₂ fluxes to the atmosphere (removed in MBC ≈127 g CO₂ m⁻² and emission by SBR ≈876 g CO₂ m⁻² yr⁻¹) in semiarid ecosystems. This study not only increases our understanding of the adaptation of soil microorganisms to precipitation changes but also provides new insight into the contributions of the microorganisms when modeling and projecting implications for C cycling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 150873"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48915885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the thermal death time landscape for Enchytraeus albidus","authors":"Martin Holmstrup,&nbsp;Morgane Touzot,&nbsp;Stine Slotsbo","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2023.150876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2023.150876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The influence of non-stressing temperatures on life-history traits of enchytraeids (e.g. growth and reproduction) is well described in the literature, but less is known about the influence of stressful temperatures, especially at the high end of the scale. In light of predicted climate changes, where the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events are increasing, it is important to provide detailed knowledge of the thermal limits of species. Experiments leading to a comprehensive understanding of species´ Thermal Death Time (TDT) landscape are particularly valuable because this allows modelling and predicting mortality under dynamic thermal scenarios. In static assays, we determined TDT₅₀ of adult worms at a range of temperatures showing that 50% mortality (<em>TDT</em>₅₀) was reached by exposure to 35.5 °C for only 6 min, whereas <em>TDT</em>₅₀ at 31 °C was 257 min. By fitting the TDT curve to the measurements, we described the influence of temperature on the rate of injury accumulation leading to 50% mortality. Based on injury accumulation rates derived from static assays, we predicted the <em>TDT</em>₅₀ in dynamic assays of various temperature ramping rates with high precision. Additional experiments showed that eggs and juveniles had the same sensitivity to high temperature as adult worms. Combined with previous research, our results show that <em>E. albidus</em> has a wide thermal niche in which survival is possible, from ca. − 25 to + 35 °C. However, exposure time is of the essence for surviving stressful temperatures in the high and low temperature ranges. We discuss that the wide thermal niche of <em>E. albidus</em> may partly explain how this species has become so widely distributed, from the temperate coastal climate in northern Spain to the high Arctic in Svalbard.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"97 ","pages":"Article 150876"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48378297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land management drives dynamic changes to microbial function through edaphic factors and soil biota","authors":"Jacob R. Hopkins ,&nbsp;Tatiana A. Semenova-Nelsen ,&nbsp;Benjamin A. Sikes","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Land management for conservation alters the abiotic and biotic components that underly belowground ecosystem health and function. We know that prescribed burning and grazing influence soil characteristics, nutrients, and biota individually, but rarely have these management effects been explored holistically, affecting an interacting belowground system. Since most belowground functions (e.g., nutrient cycling) arise from feedbacks among many soil factors, a better understanding of system-level responses to distinct management practices, rather than individual component responses, can help us better predict these ecosystem functions. In a late successional tallgrass prairie ecosystem, we contrasted how prescribed fire and mowing altered nutrient cycles<span> through changes to the abiotic soil environment, microbial community structure, and microbial </span></span>enzyme functions. Individual soil factors responded rapidly to both fire and mowing, and remained different from pre-treatment values. However, as a system, many relationships among soil factors that were present before management and lost directly after management, returned 1 month after management. This shows the system-level resilience to management supported by the long evolutionary history between grasslands, fire, and grazing, and illustrates the importance of understanding management effects from a holistic perspective. Since global disturbance regimes and anthropological influence are predicted to change in the future, understanding how belowground components respond to change as a system can help land managers and </span>ecologists alike conserve endangered ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 150859"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47906155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the effects of Melinis minutiflora invasion on soil nitrogen dynamics in the Brazilian savanna: A dual-isotope approach","authors":"João Paulo Sena-Souza ,&nbsp;Natália Lopes Rodovalho ,&nbsp;Amanda Ferreira Andrade ,&nbsp;José Roberto Rodrigues Pinto ,&nbsp;Gabriela Bielefeld Nardoto","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2023.150863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2023.150863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The invasion of exotic grasses in the neotropical savannas is closely linked to the conversion of the native landscape into agriculture and cultivated pastures. </span>Molasses grass (</span><span><em>Melinis minutiflora</em></span><span> P.Beauv.) is one of the main invasive species<span><span> in abandoned fields and native vegetation areas with the potential to alter both the structure and functioning of these ecosystems. We used the dual-isotope approach to evaluate the impact of molasses grass invasion on nitrogen dynamics in the soil of a savanna formation located in the </span>Cerrado<span> region of Central Brazil. We divided three plots (70×80 m) in 300 sampling units (7×8 m each) classified by predominant vegetation type: native grasses (NG), native cerrado </span></span></span><em>sensu stricto</em> (CSS), or molasses grass (MG). We interpolated the soil <em>δ</em>¹⁵N and <em>δ</em>¹³<span><span>C (0–10 cm depth) in the three plots to continuous surfaces using semivariogram fit and ordinary kriging models. We also compared the aboveground biomass, </span>litter decomposition rates, and soil N pools among vegetation types. MG and NG had higher litter decomposition rates than CSS. Soil pH was higher under MG compared to CSS and NG. The local soil </span><em>δ</em>¹⁵N isoscapes show the presence of MG in areas with higher soil <em>δ</em>¹⁵N. Soil <em>δ</em>¹³C under all vegetation types indicates a mixture between the C₃ and C₄<span> sources present in the soil organic matter, with the highest soil </span><em>δ</em>¹³C under MG. The dual-isotope approach showed the altered processes in the invaded areas with an intensification of the soil N dynamics in the long term compared to the areas dominated by the wood strata and by native grasses. The C and N isoscapes indicated that plant-soil interactions yielded different patterns and showedthe effect of the molasses grass invasion. Therefore, the spatial distribution must be accounted for when assessing the effects and outcome of species interactions and invasion pressure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 150863"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46714418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fire effects on biochemical properties of a semiarid pine forest topsoil at cm-scale","authors":"Janielle S. Pereira ,&nbsp;David Badía ,&nbsp;Clara Martí ,&nbsp;Juan Luis Mora ,&nbsp;Vanessa P. Donzeli","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150860","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150860","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Forest fires can greatly affect soil properties and processes. In the study of the fire effects on soil, the soil thickness affected by heat depends on the characteristics of the fire and soil itself, but also on the attribute to be measured. The objective of this work is to know to what thickness (up to 1, 2 or 3 cm) various sensitive soil properties are immediately affected by a controlled burning. To achieve this aim, unaltered fresh topsoil (mollic horizon) of a fire-prone Aleppo pine forest in the semiarid Ebro Valley (NE-Spain) were sampled and, without destroying their original structure, burned from the surface in an outdoor combustion tunnel in triplicate. Biological properties are measured, including basal and normalized soil respiration (bSR and nSR), β-<span>D</span>-glucosidase (GLUase) and phosphomonoestarase (PHOase) activities, and related parameters, such as total organic matter (TOM), oxidizable organic C (OxC), nonhydrolyzable carbon (NHC), P-Olsen, pH, soil moisture and soil water repellency (WR). In the unburned soil, most of these properties showed a decreasing gradient with depth which is modified after burning, in some cases inverted (as enzymatic activities and W<em>R</em>), in others intensified (P-Olsen) and in most, truncated, with a maximum value in the second cm. The depth of the soil in which changes were recorded varied according to the attibute considered; thus, burning significantly decreased only up to the first cm: bSR (73 %) and TOM (81 %), up to 2 cm: PHOase (89 %), OxC (17 %) and W<em>R</em> (96 %) and up to 3 cm depth GLUase (58 %), NHC (24 %) and moisture (73 %). However, P-Olsen and pH both increased after burning up to 1 and 3 cm soil depths, with increases of up to 240 % and 11 %, respectively. In conclusion, fire effects on soil are depth dependent, and this dependency is not uniform across soil properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 150860"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47036926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long life at low temperatures – The life-history of Folsomia candida at ecological relevant temperatures","authors":"Vanessa Roeben ,&nbsp;Luisa Montoya-Tzschoppe ,&nbsp;Martina Roß-Nickoll","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Collembola are among the most abundant terrestrial microarthropods and are widely used in ecotoxicological testing since they are important for soil ecosystem processes (Fountain and Hopkin 2005). In their natural environment, these arthropods are often exposed to varying temperatures (Smit and Van Gestel 1997; Fountain and Hopkin 2005; Bindesbøl 2008). However, when applied as a model organism for ecotoxicological testing, experiments are performed at 20 °C; Smit and Van Gestel 1997; International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 1999; OECD 2009). The temperature choice might be beneficial concerning the timeline of these 28-day experiments (e.g., covering juvenile phase, first reproduction, and first generation hatching) but does not reflect the reality in the field. Variable climate can influence the functioning of organisms and thereby induce changes in susceptibility for toxicant stress (Smit and Van Gestel 1997; Bindesbøl 2008; de Boer et al. 2010). The presented study aims to investigate: (1) longevity of <em>F. candida</em> at different temperatures; (2) reproduction of the species also under different temperatures. Two different test designs were developed, each aiming to analyse a different aspect of the life cycle of <em>F. candida</em>. The results showed that temperature has a significant impact on the life-history traits, longevity, and reproduction of <em>Folsomia candida</em>. Temperatures below the standard of 20 °C significantly increased the life span up to 922.5 days at 4 °C. Furthermore, our results highlight the effect of temperature on developmental processes, such as hatching time and maturation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 150847"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49707136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of traditional knowledge to understanding Plebeina armata (Apidae, Meliponini) ecology in the savanna woodland in northeast of Burundi","authors":"Deogratias Nduwarugira ,&nbsp;Alexis Nikiza ,&nbsp;François Havyarimana ,&nbsp;Longin Ndayikeza","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Research on African bees remains scarce. For instance, the mechanism underlying ecology for ground-nesting stingless bees in ecosystems remain poorly documented. The main goal of this study was to assess what determines habitat preference for stingless bees playing an important role in plant pollination. The case of </span><span><em>Plebeina </em><em>armata</em></span><span> (Magretti, 1895) (Hymenoptera, Apidae<span>, Meliponini) was taken as a model. We collected information from an unsuccessful project of beekeeping of </span></span><em>P. armata</em><span> recently ran in the Ruvubu National Park, the widest protected area in Burundi in northeast of the country. We also conducted semi-structured interviews among people, mainly beekeepers, neighboring the park to document local traditional knowledge of stingless bees. Since our respondents indicated that </span><em>Plebeina</em><span><span><span> nested in termite mounds, we extensively sampled termite species associated with mounds in the area. We also collected soil samples from mounds with and without the bee. </span>Wilcoxon tests were used to compare </span>soil properties of mounds according to the occurrence of </span><em>P. armata</em>. The results of our study showed that people neighboring the Ruvubu National Park had deep knowledge on the ecology of stingless bees. Our findings also suggested that the beekeeping of <em>Plebeina</em> would have failed in the area due to the lack of its specific nesting requirements. This bee nested in active Macrotermitinae mounds, probably in search of optimal conditions of humidity, temperature and for security. Mounds with a sol rich in coarse silt seemed not to attract <em>Plebeina</em><span>; probably, those termitaria may not be strong to serve as a bulwark against thermal fluctuations. Our results raise the question of taking account of the traditional knowledge to any attempt to species domestication. Understanding the ecological adaptation of ground-nesting stingless bees is particularly important for restoration and conservation of their habitats and to any attempt to their beekeeping or meliponiculture in an area.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 150849"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45735997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrient addition, fire and grass competition affects biological nitrogen fixation in Vachellia sieberiana, and associated soil respiration","authors":"Tiffany Pillay ,&nbsp;Samukelisiwe Ngcobo ,&nbsp;David Ward","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by woody legumes is likely to vary due to factors such as nutrient availability, fire and grazing. BNF may also alter </span>soil properties<span> by increasing soil fertility<span>, consequently affecting rates of soil respiration<span>. Given the widespread increase in woody plant density in southern African savannas, we investigate the factors influencing BNF in a common encroaching woody legume, </span></span></span></span><span><em>Vachellia</em><em> sieberiana</em></span>. We conducted a pot experiment using a matrix of grass and seedlings of <em>V. sieberiana</em><span>. We then assessed the effects of increased nutrient availability (nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P)) through fertilizer addition, as well as simulated fire and grazing on the rate of BNF, the number and weight of root nodules, and soil respiration. We found a significant decrease in BNF with fertilizer addition, and increases in BNF after fire application. Soil respiration increased with fertilizer addition and decreased after fire application. Grazing had no independent effect on any of the response variables. However, decreased grass biomass, and therefore reduced competitive interactions between tree seedlings and grasses, resulted in increased BNF across all treatments. Furthermore, we found that larger woody seedlings achieved higher rates of BNF, with a positive correlation between the rate of BNF and both the number and weight of root nodules. We conclude that BNF in </span><em>V. sieberiana</em> is facultative and strongly influenced by grass competition, with differing responses to varying environmental factors. Fertilizer addition suppresses BNF because the presence of readily available N negates the costs of fixation. <em>V. sieberiana</em> seedlings compensated for N lost by fire application by increasing BNF. Soil respiration was found to increase with fertilizer addition, possibly due to higher carbon (C) inputs into the soil. Conversely, fire reduced soil respiration by removing biomass, and thus reduced C input into the soil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 150848"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45164639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimizing salinity-induced Pb toxicity to microbial N cycling processes in saline Pb-polluted soils amended with biochar","authors":"Nahid Azadi,&nbsp;Fayez Raiesi","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Biochar may affect nitrogen (N) cycling processes and, therefore, plant-available forms of soil N by modifying the activity and composition of the soil microbial community<span><span><span><span>. However, it is unclear how biochar addition can influence microbial N cycling and availability in saline polluted soils. The present study investigated the impact of </span>sugarcane bagasse<span> biochars (SBBs) produced at 400 and 600 °C on potential net ammonification<span><span>, nitrification and N mineralization, </span>microbial biomass N (MBN), and </span></span></span>urease<span> activity in a calcareous soil polluted with lead (Pb) under different levels of NaCl </span></span>salinity (6 and 10 dS m</span></span>^-1<span><span> ) during a 120-day incubation period<span><span><span>. NaCl salinity increased soil available Pb concentration, with a greater increase at high than low salinity level. The application of SBBs increased soil organic carbon (SOC, 96–101 % relative to controls), </span>dissolved organic carbon (DOC, 14–110 %), total nitrogen (TN, 6–25 %), </span>cation exchange<span> capacity (CEC, 12–20 %), and immobilized soil Pb (10–25 %). Lead immobilization, which largely resulted from increased soil CEC, was greater with addition of 600 °C (20–25 %) than 400 °C (15–20 %) biochar in saline soils. Addition of SBBs decreased the availability of soil Pb that was enhanced by salinity. Biochar application stimulated potential net ammonification (177–218 %), nitrification (70–83 %) and N mineralization (92–110 %), MBN (114–221 %) and urease activity (66–79 %) in saline Pb-polluted soils. Redundancy analysis revealed that increased DOC, increased TN and Pb immobilization were the most significant factors contributing to the enhanced N bio-transformations, MBN, and urease activity in saline polluted soils amended with SBBs. Our highlights the potential benefits of low-temperature SBBs as an amendment to minimize the impact of </span></span></span>metal toxicity associated with salinity on microbial N cycling processes in Pb-polluted soils. In conclusion, biochar application could be a useful practice for enhancing the N turnover rate in saline Pb-polluted soils by increasing substrate availability and decreasing Pb mobility.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 150861"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44754548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agricultural practices influence biological soil quality indicators in an irrigated semiarid agro-ecosystem","authors":"Mohammed Omer ,&nbsp;Omololu J. Idowu ,&nbsp;Nicole Pietrasiak ,&nbsp;Dawn VanLeeuwen ,&nbsp;April L. Ulery ,&nbsp;Andrew J. Dominguez ,&nbsp;Rajan Ghimire ,&nbsp;Mark Marsalis","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>A study was conducted to investigate how soil biological measurements can be used to indicate differences in soil quality in arid and semiarid agroecosystems. The objectives were to assess soil biological quality indicators under different land management practices and at different depths and to explore the relationships between soil microbial community and organic matter fractions. Soil samples were collected from three replicates of six land management systems at 0–5 cm and 5–15 cm soil depths. Four management systems had medium to fine </span>soil texture<span> including a permanent grass field with tall fescue (</span></span><em>Lolium arundinaceum</em><span> [Schreb]; TFC), peach orchard with clover understory (</span><span><em>Prunus persica</em></span> with <span><em>Trifolium repens</em><em> L</em></span>.; PCC), alfalfa field (<span><em>Medicago sativa</em></span>; ALF) and conventionally tilled soil with an annual crop rotation (CTC). Two management systems, including a young cottonwood tree orchard (<span><em>Populus</em><em> fremontii</em></span> and <em>Populus deltoides</em><span>; CWS) and conventionally tilled soil in annual crop rotation (CTS), had coarse soil texture. Management systems had significant impacts on most of the soil biological indicators assessed at the two depths with both depths responding similarly to management practices. For the soil biological indicators that showed differences, the TFC generally had the most favorable indicator measurements compared to other management systems. The principal component analysis<span><span> showed a clear separation between the management systems and microbial communities at both soil depths. The ordination pattern was structured by soil textural differences between medium to fine-textured soils from TFC, PCC, ALF, and CTC fields and coarse-textured soils (CWS, CTS). Spearman’s </span>correlation coefficients (r</span></span>_s<span>) showed that the soil organic matter (r</span>_s = 0.85, <em>P</em> = 0.001) and the permanganate oxidizable carbon (r_s<span> = 0.93, P = 0.001) were significantly correlated with the total microbial biomass at 0–5 cm soil depth. Also, the soil organic matter (r</span>_s = 0.84, <em>P</em> = 0.001) was significantly correlated with the total microbial biomass at 5–15 cm soil depth. This study suggests that in semiarid agroecosystems, management practices with permanent covers have the potential to improve soil quality, and soil texture may also influence the directional changes in soil quality within this region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 150862"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48725848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}