Pedobiologia最新文献

{"title":"Disentangling the effect of temperature and moisture on boreal peatland microbial activity and function","authors":"Paige Ferguson ,&nbsp;Zoë Lindo","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change may reduce the stability of large soil carbon stores within boreal peatlands by altering microbial communities, the main contributors to decomposition in peatlands. Both temperature and moisture levels are known to dictate microbial community composition and activity, and both are sensitive to climate change. Whether alterations in soil microbial activity are predominantly caused by the direct effects of temperature or moisture, or a warming-induced drying effect, is not clear. This study examines experimental warming and drying on peatland surface (oxic) soil samples collected from a southern boreal site in Ontario, Canada. The aim was to disentangle the effects of temperature and moisture variables through a mesocosm approach with two temperature treatments (12°C and 20°C) and two moisture treatments (Field-moist and Dry-induced) in a full factorial experimental design. We measured respiration over the duration of the experiment, with subsequent measurements of microbial biomass using substrate induced respiration, and microbial function through EcoPlate™ and oxidative (phenol oxidase and peroxidase) enzyme assays. While temperature often drove the variation seen in the observed variables (respiration, biomass, functionality), this was often mitigated by moisture levels. Shifts in functional indicators suggest that warming may increase community homogeneity, amplified by drying, and favour species better able to utilize recalcitrant substrates, like polymers. Oxidative enzyme assay results contradict trends in respiration and functionality, suggesting moisture may complicate oxidative enzymatic pathways. Overall trends indicate the potential for peatland soil carbon stores to become liberated with higher average temperatures while moisture levels decrease or are maintained; the conditions predicted throughout boreal peatland distribution with climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 151063"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter- and intra-site variation of microarthropod communities in urban parks","authors":"Tania De Almeida ,&nbsp;Eva Baraud ,&nbsp;Sophie Joimel","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban parks are one of the most represented green spaces in cities and can support biodiversity. However, most of the studies demonstrating the role of urban biodiversity do not take into account soil biodiversity, which represents at least ¼ of the world's taxonomic diversity. Among these soil organisms, microarthropods are recognised bioindicators because of their role in soil functioning but also because of their high abundance and sensitivity to a variety of environmental and anthropogenic factors. With high heterogeneity due to soil, management or localisation, nothing looks less like a park than another park. In this study, our aim is rather to understand how soil biodiversity is affected by the spatial configuration of the parks. To do this, we studied inter- and intra-park variation in microarthropod communities using taxonomic and functional approaches based on traits. Our results show communities dominated by Acari, with high abundances of Collembola but low specific richness. Inter-park variations were recorded for the species richness and functional composition of Collembola, Oribatidae abundance, texture and metal levels. That may be linked to the age of the sites in relation with soil physicochemical parameters. Intra-park variations were also observed, particularly for biodiversity indices, which could be explained by the fragmentation of the site and patch size. Despite their small size, soil organisms should be considered in park studies and design (configuration and connectivity). Indeed, understanding the distribution patterns of these organisms is important for improving the role of parks within a functional green and brown urban network.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 151061"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastics lead to behavioral disorders in soil nematode movement, foraging and food choice","authors":"Xuchao Zhang,&nbsp;Liliane Ruess","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Generally, studies related to microplastic (MP) effects on soil nematodes use agar plate assays, while test conditions with soil are scarce. The overlooked fact is that nematodes can behave differently in their natural soil environment. This study investigated three common soil species, <em>Acrobeloides buetschlii</em>, <em>Cephalobus</em> sp., and <em>Diploscapter coronatus,</em> and the model nematode <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em> in a modular soil system. The responses in movement, foraging and food choice to two MP types, i.e., non-biodegradable low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and a biodegradable blend of poly(lactic acid) and poly(butylene adipate-<em>co</em>-terephthalate) (PLA/PBAT), were evaluated. Additionally, food choice assays on agar plates were performed to compare these with the test under soil conditions. MP presence in soil reduced nematode movement, with the extent of effect depending on MP amount and nematode species. The foraging behavior of <em>A</em>. <em>buetschlii</em> and <em>C</em>. <em>elegans</em> was more affected by MP than that of <em>Cephalobus</em> sp. and <em>D. coronatus</em>. Soil phospholipid fatty acid analysis indicated that microbial diet was consumed by all nematodes, most prominent by <em>D. coronatus</em> in the presence of LDPE. The food choice index in soil was not dependent on MP type and nematode species, while on agar plate, it was affected by all factors: MP amount and type, nematode species and time. Linear regression revealed a dose-response relationship between the choice index on agar and increasing MP amounts. In conclusion, MPs in soil hampered nematode movement and had the potential to change food foraging and choice. The effects of MPs in agar plate and soil assays differed, highlighting the importance of using semi-natural test conditions. Finally, species-specific responses drive the ecological impact of MPs on soil nematodes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"111 ","pages":"Article 151054"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation agriculture enhances soil biodiversity and fertility: Evidence from contrasting soil textures in Cambodia","authors":"Pao Srean ,&nbsp;Didier Lesueur ,&nbsp;Sophary Khin ,&nbsp;Channaty Ngang ,&nbsp;Sam Art Horn ,&nbsp;Sreynget Lo ,&nbsp;Sothea Rien ,&nbsp;Fidero Kuok ,&nbsp;Robert Martin ,&nbsp;David R. Ader ,&nbsp;Ricky M. Bates","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Land use and farming practices significantly influence soil health. This three-year study evaluated the effects of transitioning from conventional tillage (CT) to conservation agriculture (CA) on soil properties and fauna communities in vegetable production systems in Battambang (clay loam) and Siem Reap (sandy loam), Cambodia. Soil samples (0–20 cm) were analyzed for physicochemical properties, soil macro- and meso-fauna abundance, richness, and diversity. CA significantly improved soil fertility, increasing nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and soil organic carbon. Soil mesofauna abundance, richness, and diversity increased under CA, particularly in Battambang, with Entomobryomorpha, Poduromorpha, Symphypleona and Diptera showing greater abundance. While CA had positive effects in Siem Reap, the improvement was less pronounced. Soil mesofauna response to CA varied by soil type, with clay loam soils exhibiting a greater positive response than sandy loam. These findings emphasize the significance of soil type in optimizing CA practices to improve soil health and mesofauna communities in these agroecological conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 151053"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The amount of soil used for DNA extractions has a minimal effect on characterization of microbial communities in a temperate agricultural region","authors":"Linsey Van Koppen ,&nbsp;Harini S. Aiyer ,&nbsp;Jesse Davis ,&nbsp;Julien Tremblay ,&nbsp;Jillian D. Bainard ,&nbsp;Luke D. Bainard","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ability to analyze soil microbial communities continues to improve with methodological advancements. The amount of soil used for DNA extractions to characterize the microbial community has been suggested to alter results. However previous efforts to quantify this variation have not always utilized consistent methodology, making it difficult to assess when and how the amount of soil impacts the results. In this study, we pooled technical replicates of DNA extractions using a standardized protocol with the most commonly used kit (i.e., 0.25 g starting soil weight with the Qiagen PowerSoil Pro kit) into five treatments: 0.25 g, 0.5 g, 1.0 g, 2.0 g, and 4.0 g to characterize the soil microbial communities from four distinct land use systems (grazed pasture, conventional forage, woodlot, and blueberry). Following DNA extraction, we assessed total DNA yield, fungal and bacterial abundance (qPCR), and alpha and beta diversity (amplicon sequencing) of the soil microbial community to determine the effect of soil weight on these metrics. Soil weight did not have a significant effect on any of these metrics. Land use system had a significant effect on all metrics except for prokaryotic Shannon diversity. The land use systems and the spatial organization within each system (i.e., field replicates) were easily distinguishable regardless of the amount of soil used to assess the samples. These results confirm the suitability of 0.25 g soil to accurately (and affordably) assess soil microbial communities in temperate agricultural soils, and accentuate the importance of methodological consistency within a study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 151051"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143900001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legacy effects of nematodes: Experimental evidence on live individuals and their residues in shaping plant nutrient acquisition","authors":"Qian Chi ,&nbsp;Yangxin Shi ,&nbsp;Peng Wang ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Wang ,&nbsp;Yuanhu Shao ,&nbsp;Shenglei Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil nematodes are crucial constituents of terrestrial ecosystems and strongly influence the growth of both plants and soil microbes. Using a controlled factorial experiment, we investigated the distinct effects of live nematodes and dead nematode residues on soil microbial biomass and plant nutrient dynamics. Our results demonstrated that both live nematodes and nematode residues reduce microbial biomass carbon and cause a transient decrease in microbial biomass nitrogen, while increasing plant leaf nitrogen content. These findings underscore the important influence of nematodes, irrespective of their life state, on plant and soil microbial nutrient acquisition. They also highlight the pivotal yet underappreciated role of nematode residues in shaping soil ecosystem processes, suggesting that nematode contributions extend beyond their lifespan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 151052"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil matrix affects the determination of p-nitrophenol and the estimation of β-glucosidase, arylsulfatase, and acid phosphatase activities in subtropical soils","authors":"Alexandre Bertoldo da Silva,&nbsp;Glaciela Kaschuk","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increased soil enzyme activity is an indicator of excellent soil health. The activities of soil β-glucosidase, arylsulfatase, and acid phosphatase are determined by quantifying <em>p</em>-nitrophenol, the product of degradation of <em>p</em>-nitrophenyl substrates during soil incubation. However, some <em>p</em>-nitrophenol may adsorb to the soil matrix, leading to underestimations of soil enzyme activities. This study aimed to verify the effects of soil matrices on <em>p</em>-nitrophenol determination and to evaluate their consequences on enzyme activity estimations. Soil samples were collected from 18 locations in the Plateau and Coastal regions of Paraná, Southern Brazil, covering various land uses and subjected to physical and chemical characterization. Three 500 mg soil aliquots from each composite sample per site were incubated following standard procedures. Three calibration curves were then applied: 1) Multiple Point External Standard, with six <em>p</em>-nitrophenol concentrations; 2) Multiple Point Standard Addition, with the same six <em>p</em>-nitrophenol concentrations plus soil; and 3) Single-Point Standard Addition, with a median <em>p</em>-nitrophenol concentration plus soil. Significant differences in the slope coefficients of the linear regressions between the Multiple Point External Standard curve and the Multiple Point Standard Addition curve were attributed to soil matrix effects, resulting in lower enzyme activity estimates. Principal Component Analysis indicated that the soil matrix effect was associated with fine-textured soils high in organic matter. Enzyme activities estimated using the Multiple Point Standard Addition curve did not differ from those obtained with the Single-Point Standard Addition curve, suggesting that both methods are suitable for correcting soil matrix effects. Despite this, results from the first two calibration curves were highly correlated (β-glucosidase, r = 0.8357; acid phosphatase, r = 0.9779; and arylsulfatase, r = 0.9962), suggesting that the soil matrix effect does not significantly impact the interpretation of soil enzyme activity values in soil health assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 151050"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term effects of microplastics and earthworms on greenhouse gases emissions from a sandy-loam soil","authors":"Wenjing Ma ,&nbsp;Daiyu Qiao ,&nbsp;Huijie Lu ,&nbsp;Carmelo Maucieri ,&nbsp;Cancan Zhao ,&nbsp;Lei Su ,&nbsp;Yaojun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread use of plastics in agriculture has led to the co-existence of microplastics (MPs) and earthworms in soil ecosystems. While both MPs and earthworms are known to influence soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, their interactive effects on CO₂, N₂O, and CH₄ emissions remain poorly understood. To address this gap, a 21-day incubation experiment was conducted to examine the impact of MPs (0 %, 0.1 %, 0.5 %, 1 %) on soil GHG emissions in the presence and absence of earthworms. The results showed that MPs significantly reduced cumulative N₂O emission and enhanced CH₄ oxidation, with effects intensifying at higher concentrations, but had no significant effect on CO₂ emissions. In contrast, earthworms increased soil CO₂ and N₂O emissions while promoting CH₄ oxidation. MPs also lowered the global warming potential (GWP) by reducing N₂O emissions, whereas earthworms had an opposite effect. Interestingly, MPs reduced earthworm mortality in this study. Additionally, the interaction between MPs and earthworms significantly influenced soil pH and mineral N (NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^--N) content. These findings the critical role of earthworms in amplifying soil CO₂ and N₂O emissions and CH₄ oxidation. This study provides new insights into GHG emissions in sandy-loam soils under the combined influence of MPs and earthworms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 151036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil:Micro – A free data-based virtual reality experience of soil at a microbial scale","authors":"Thea Whitman ,&nbsp;Ross Tredinnick","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil ecologists face a particular challenge in visualizing the environment that soil organisms inhabit, as it is both opaque and microscopic. We have developed a virtual reality (VR) experience of a soil at a microbial scale, based on a micro-computed tomography scan of a real soil. The VR app Soil:Micro is designed for a head-mounted display and could be used in educational and public outreach settings. Users travel through a series of stations where they can explore the soil environment as they learn about soil as a habitat for soil microbes. We hope that this tool inspires interest in and knowledge about soils, helping both to combat “soil blindness” in the general public and also to inspire soil ecologists to see these complex ecosystems in new ways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"110 ","pages":"Article 151039"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143791893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Best food” does not apply to all: Quality of nematode diet for development and fitness of their predator Parasitus sp. (Mesostigmata: Parasitidae)","authors":"Diana Rueda-Ramírez ,&nbsp;Alyssa Grogorenz-de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Eric Palevsky ,&nbsp;Liliane Ruess","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially ω3 forms, are essential nutrients for many animals and are typically obtained from dietary sources, yet there is limited availability in terrestrial ecosystem. In soil food webs, free-living nematodes are an important source of these PUFAs. Predatory mites (Mesostigmata) play a key role in regulating invertebrate populations, including free-living and plant-parasitic nematodes. Recent studies suggest that diets including nematodes improve the fitness of predatory mites and enhance their function as biological control agents within soil food webs. The predatory mite <em>Parasitus</em> sp. isolated from Mediterranean agricultural fields showed nematode consumption and colony establishment with a mixture of nematode species. This study investigated the effects of single nematode diets on the fitness of <em>Parasitus</em> sp., focusing on the roles of ω3- and ω6-PUFAs. This included one plant-parasitic and five free-living bacterial-feeding species, mostly co-occurring in the same Mediterranean fields, with one species unable to synthesize ω3-PUFAs. The results showed that nematodes rich in ω3-PUFAs supported <em>Parasitus</em> sp. development, but those high in ω6-PUFAs and deficient in ω3-PUFAs did not. However, mite survival and moulting to adulthood were generally low, possibly indicating a need for a specific stimulus or a more varied diet. This study further demonstrated ω3-PUFA <em>de novo</em> synthesis in Mesostigmata. Overall, the nematode diets influenced the development of <em>Parasitus</em> sp. differently, which emphasizes the importance of diverse nematode populations to support the fitness of higher trophic levels such as predatory mites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 151038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}