Pedobiologia最新文献

{"title":"Impact of litter quality on soil nematode communities with the intensifies of grassland degradation: Shifting from resource input to environmental stress","authors":"Pingting Guan ,&nbsp;Mengya Chen ,&nbsp;Jianan Li ,&nbsp;Junqi Zuo ,&nbsp;Shitong Wei ,&nbsp;Donghui Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Litter quality determines the resource input from aboveground processes in regulating soil biota function in degraded grassland. However, the knowledge of litter quality along with the degradation on the contribution to the soil biota remains sparse, particularly across different trophic groups, given their varying demands for food resources. A 240-day decomposition experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of the litter quality (high-quality and low-quality litters) on soil nematode communities at different intensities of grassland degradation (light, moderate and heavy). The results showed that, even though degradation induced the abundance of microbivorous nematode, the high trophic group nematode reduction was the primary factor that caused the decrease of top-down control from omnivore-predator (OP). Moreover, the metabolic footprint of omnivore-predator was more sensitive than its abundance with OP footprint taking over 40 % of the total footprint while its abundance taking 15 % of total abundance at the light degradation. At the light degraded level, high-quality litter promoted abundance and metabolic footprint of OP nematodes by 69.37 % and 88.27 %, respectively, compared to low-quality litter. These changes in the nematode communities and functions were primarily determined by the N resource change resulting from litter quality. On the contrary, at the moderate and heavy degraded levels, the execrable soil conditions, characterized by high soil pH, simplified the nematode food web. Therefore, the environmental stress screening on soil nematode communities from degradation exceeded the bottom-up effect from litter input. These results suggested that the community structure determined by long-term harsh soil conditions required more attention on the fundamental approach to soil quality rather than litter quality alone. It is critical to adapt appropriate management practices for rehabilitation in the maintenance of belowground communities in grassland restoration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 151021"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food choice and pharyngeal pumping activity of bacterial-feeding nematodes are driven by different functional traits","authors":"Christin Ortlieb ,&nbsp;Ben Katzer ,&nbsp;Robin Liess ,&nbsp;Martha Gartz ,&nbsp;Michael Steinert ,&nbsp;Liliane Ruess","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The feeding behavior of free-living nematodes is shaped by several factors, including food choice and food consumption. The latter is commonly investigated by determining the pumping rate of the pharynx. However, whether the pharyngeal pumping activity also reflects food selection, i.e. whether the pumping rate for preferred food is increased, is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between pumping rate and food choice. For this, the preference of the nematodes <em>Diploscapter coronatus</em>, <em>Diploscapter pachys</em>, <em>Plectus similis</em> and <em>Plectus</em> sp. were examined in binary choice assays. The bacteria <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, <em>Kitasatospora</em> sp., <em>Sphingomonas trueperi</em>, <em>Pseudomonas fluorescens</em> and two <em>Legionella pneumophila</em> strains were tested against <em>Escherichia coli</em> OP50. The nematode pumping rates were determined for each bacterial diet. Additionally, the effects of bacterial species and size, and of nematode species and genus, size of buccal cavity and pharynx morphology, were investigated.</div><div>The nematodes showed a preference for <em>P. fluorescens</em> (except <em>D. pachys</em>) and avoidance of <em>B. subtilis</em>, <em>Kitasatospora</em> sp. and <em>L. pneumophila</em>. The determinants of food choice were nematode species, bacterial species and size, while the pumping rates varied with genus and pharynx proportion. The food preference determined by the choice assay was not necessarily associated with an upregulation of pharyngeal pumping, e.g. <em>Plectus</em> preferred <em>P. fluorescens</em> over <em>E. coli</em> OP50 when having a choice but pumped significantly faster when feeding on the latter. Although the pumping rate changed with bacterial species, there was no clear pattern that allowed a correlation with food choice across the tested nematode taxa, suggesting that pumping frequency is no indicator for food preference. Relating these results to nematode foraging strategy, food choice was determined by bacterial traits associated with diet quality and search, while food consumption was linked to nematode traits affecting diet handling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 151018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the hidden world beneath: A showcase of soil microorganisms at MikroMondo","authors":"Heribert Insam ,&nbsp;Julia Ecker ,&nbsp;Theo Hug ,&nbsp;Suzanne Kapelari ,&nbsp;Edoardo Mandolini ,&nbsp;Thorsten Schwerte ,&nbsp;Julia Zöhrer ,&nbsp;Judith Ascher-Jenull","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MikroMondo, a forthcoming science center in Austria, will be dedicated to the fascinating world of microorganisms, with a special focus on soil and its intricate biodiversity. Designed to promote soil literacy among the public, MikroMondo will feature cutting-edge exhibits, among them Europe's tallest Winogradsky column, live demonstrations of plant-microbe interactions (e.g., mycorrhization of pine seedlings in transparent soil columns), and engaging sound-producing slime molds. These exhibits aim to captivate visitors and highlight the vital role of microorganisms in soil ecosystems. The center will also offer interactive, hands-on activities tailored for school pupils, students, and educators, designed to deepen understanding of microbiological processes such as carbon and nutrient cycling, plant-microbe symbiosis, and soil microbial diversity. Activities will include guided microscopy sessions, microbial cultivation, the creation of Winogradsky columns, and decomposition and gas production experiments. MikroMondo’s innovative approach will inspire curiosity and enhance public appreciation of the hidden world beneath our feet, fostering a new generation of soil stewards and microbial enthusiasts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 151015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic matter content rather than farming practices modulates microbial activities in vineyard soils","authors":"Pierre Blondel ,&nbsp;Nicolas Fanin ,&nbsp;Benjamin Joubard ,&nbsp;Sylvie Milin ,&nbsp;Adrien Rusch ,&nbsp;Brice Giffard","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil functioning is a growing concern in intensively-managed agricultural landscapes such as vineyards. Mechanical disturbance of the soil and pesticide use have deleterious impact on microbial activity, which is a key parameter for organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling. This study aims to assess the response of soil microbial activities under different farming systems (organic and conventional systems) and inter-rows management (grassy or tilled inter-rows). We selected 18 fields in the southwest of France, supporting tilled and grassy inter-rows (alternating treatment) - 9 fields were managed organically and 9 were managed conventionally. We assessed extracellular enzymatic activities relative to C, N, P acquisition and Microresp™, which allows to measure catabolic capacities of soil microbial communities. Our results showed that organic systems had a higher soil organic matter (SOM) content than conventional ones. At the inter-row scale, grassy inter-rows of organic vineyards differed from tilled inter-rows in catabolic capacities of microbial communities; with overall a higher complexity of C-substrates respired by microbial communities. Furthermore, N- and P-related enzymes were positively correlated to SOM and soil pH across sites and managements, suggesting that increasing SOM may positively impact nutrient recycling and notably NO₃^-. Altogether, our results pointed out the importance of soil organic matter content on soil microbial functioning in vineyards as well as the possible benefit of organic matter inputs on nutrient recycling and nitrogen directly available in the vineyard.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 151017"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responses of N2O production and associated functional genes to increasing temperature and moisture in surface and subsurface soils of a temperate forest","authors":"Lifei Sun,&nbsp;Yanci Qiao,&nbsp;Liquan Song,&nbsp;Yujiao Peng,&nbsp;Baoqing Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of increasing temperature and moisture on soil nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions across different soil horizons remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated how increased temperature (15 °C and 25 °C) and moisture (30 %, 45 %, and 60 % water-filled pore space (WFPS)) influence N₂O emissions from surface (0–5 cm) and subsurface (5–20 cm) soils in a temperate forest. We found that increasing temperature and moisture promoted N₂O production from subsurface soil due to the stimulation of both nitrification- and denitrification-derived N₂O production. However, in surface soil, the effect of increasing temperature on N₂O production is soil moisture dependent, increasing it at 30 % WFPS but decreasing it at 60 % WFPS. This reduction was caused by decreased denitrification-derived N₂O production. Nitrification was identified as the dominant source of N₂O production in both soils, rather than denitrification. Denitrification-derived N₂O production was positively related to <em>nirK</em> gene abundance but not <em>nirS</em> gene abundance, suggesting that <em>nirK</em>-type denitrifiers may be more active than <em>nirS</em>-type denitrifiers. Furthermore, the proportion of nitrified N emitted as N₂O decreased with rising temperature in both soils. Our results underscore the importance of incorporating variable proportions of nitrified N emitted as N₂O in Earth system model to more accurately predict soil N₂O emission in the context of global climate changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 151020"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A field mesocosm method for manipulation of soil mesofauna communities and repeated measurement of their ecological functions over months to years","authors":"Kara S. Gibson ,&nbsp;Nancy C. Johnson ,&nbsp;Deborah A. Neher ,&nbsp;Anita J. Antoninka","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>In situ</em> manipulation of mesofauna communities is necessary to understand their functional importance in complex natural systems. Field mesocosms that control the recolonization of defaunated soil and litter by mesofauna are well suited to this purpose, but are infrequently used and can produce undesirable side effects on microclimate. Here, we present an inexpensive and easy to construct field mesocosm design that is intended to address some limitations of existing mesocosm methods. Our mesocosms were engineered to manipulate mesofauna communities over one or two years via mesh treatments (21 µm, 41 µm, and 1000 µm mesh opening sizes) while minimizing mesh treatment side effects and allowing repeated access to mesocosm interiors for measurement of microclimate differences and mesofauna functions through time. They are also compatible with LI-COR survey chambers, enabling measurement of gas flux from mesocosms. We tested these mesocosms in untreated and thinned/burned ponderosa pine (<em>Pinus ponderosa</em>) forests in Valles Caldera National Preserve, New Mexico, USA to compare their performance in differing abiotic and biotic contexts. The mesocosm treatments successfully manipulated microarthropods &gt; 150 µm for fifteen months but were only partially effective at manipulating microarthropods &lt; 150 µm. This mesocosm technique advances our ability to disentangle the functional contributions of mesofauna in complex natural systems because it enables manipulation experiments with repeated sampling in time and space.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 151019"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143135292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabarcoding of a mock community of soil invertebrates: DNA extraction, false positives, and data filtration","authors":"Ivan V. Sotnikov ,&nbsp;Maxim V. Vecherskii ,&nbsp;Vladimir S. Cheptsov ,&nbsp;Alexei V. Tiunov","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabarcoding is a powerful tool widely used to analyze soil communities but methodological difficulties can introduce biases, resulting in inaccurate estimation of species diversity. We evaluated five DNA extraction methods, two PCR programs, and three post-bioinformatic processing techniques (multiple databases, filtering based on the level of similarity and on the number of reads obtained) using a mock community of soil invertebrates containing 24 species, 23 genera, and 15 families of arthropods and annelids. The choice of DNA extraction kit significantly influenced the accuracy of the metabarcoding results. Kits developed for the isolation of DNA from soil and alkaline lysis without purification showed worse results compared to those designed for isolating DNA from tissues. In the best variant of sample processing, metabarcoding yielded correct identification of 67 % species and 94 % families. Post-bioinformatic filtering dramatically increased the proportion of true positives achieving 100 % at the family, over 73 % at the genus, and more than 60 % at the species level. Thus, an acceptable level of accuracy may be achieved in field surveys with relatively little time and effort.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 151022"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asian knotweed’s impacts on soil chemistry and enzyme activities are higher in soils with low-nutrient status","authors":"Fanny Dommanget ,&nbsp;Estelle Forey ,&nbsp;Matthieu Chauvat ,&nbsp;Amandine Erktan ,&nbsp;Camille Noûs ,&nbsp;Léa Daniès ,&nbsp;Coralie Chesseron ,&nbsp;Nicolas Fanin","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Invasive alien plants such as <em>Reynoutria</em> spp. can drastically affect the composition of plant communities. Yet, whether and how these species also affect soil physicochemical properties and microbial functioning is still an unresolved question in the literature. Using a space-for-time substitution approach comparing invaded to uninvaded adjacent plots, we estimated the impacts of <em>Reynoutria</em> on soil biochemistry across nine contrasted sites in France by measuring soil carbon content, nutrient availability and enzyme activities. Soil under <em>Reynoutria</em> displayed higher carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents but no differences were detected regarding enzyme activities between invaded and uninvaded sites. Moreover, the magnitude of <em>Reynoutria</em>’s effects differed depending on local conditions, with greater effects when total carbon and phosphorus-related enzymes were relatively low. These data highlight that changes in soil nutrient availability might be primarily due to direct effects of <em>Reynoutria</em> on soil properties and microbial functioning. Higher impacts were observed in soils with low-nutrient status, suggesting a ‘niche construction ability’ of <em>Reynoutria</em>. Our results underscore the necessity of considering the context-dependency of <em>Reynoutria</em> on soil biochemistry and highlight that the impact of alien species belowground functioning depends on initial soil conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 151002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142555044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communicating about soil biodiversity: Insights from science editorials and future recommendations","authors":"Yamina Pressler ,&nbsp;Bailey M. McClymonds ,&nbsp;Meena M. Balgopal","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the urgency of the global soil degradation crisis, soil scientists must communicate the importance of soil as being part of nature and the critical need for conserving soil biodiversity. Drawing on a thematic analysis of editorials related to soil conservation and management, we analyzed common themes, key messages, and frames that authors used to advocate for change. Soil biodiversity was referred to in 8 of the 11 editorials, but it was less emphasized and discussed in less detail than messages centered around food production, water resources, and climate change. Editorials structured arguments around economic development, scientific and technical uncertainty, and morality and ethics. We believe future editorials should apply other persuasive frames including social progress, public accountability, and working-towards-compromise when advocating for soil biodiversity conservation. Soil ecologists can improve communications about soil biodiversity by (1) identifying an audience and selecting relevant key messages, (2) strategically applying a persuasive frame, and (3) amplifying diverse voices with a consistent message. We provide a guide for developing essays that encourages soil ecologists to shape discourse, advance policy priorities, and enable non-soil ecologists to communicate about soil biodiversity conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 151003"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142555045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural forest restoration enhanced abundance and changed composition of soil phosphorus cycling genes compared with plantations","authors":"Yun Wang ,&nbsp;Hua Zheng ,&nbsp;Chi Zhang ,&nbsp;Falin Chen ,&nbsp;Jing Zeng ,&nbsp;Zhiyun Ouyang","doi":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How and to what extent forest restoration type influences phosphorus (P) cycling genes on abundance, diversity, and composition remain poorly understood, limiting the assessment of forest restoration types. Using a high-throughput functional gene microarray, we compared the abundance, diversity, and composition of P cycling genes in naturally restored natural secondary forests, artificially restored native Masson pine plantations, and introduced slash pine plantations in the red soil region of southern China. The abundance of P cycling genes, particularly phytase genes involved in organic P mineralization, was the highest in soils of natural secondary forests, followed by native Masson pine plantations, and finally, introduced slash pine plantations. The correlation between P cycling gene abundance and available P content exhibited an inverse pattern. P cycling gene composition varied significantly among the three forest restoration types. The similarity of P cycling gene composition in native Masson pine plantations to that of natural secondary forests was larger than that observed in introduced slash pine plantations. The vegetation-related factors of the Shannon<img>Wiener diversity index of trees, litter stock, tree biomass, and fine root surface area, and soil properties of total P, available P, clay content, silt content, and pH, significantly correlated with the P cycling gene composition. Maintaining high tree diversity is critical for supporting a high abundance of P cycling genes, which is beneficial for maintaining a high P status and active P cycling in forest soils. Natural forest restoration enhanced the abundance and changed the composition of soil P cycling genes compared with plantations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49711,"journal":{"name":"Pedobiologia","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 151005"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}