Polar Record最新文献_第2页

How Jean-Baptiste Charcot came to embrace fear but not anger. Emotions of polar exploration and their communication to the public in the 1900s 让-巴蒂斯特-沙尔科（Jean-Baptiste Charcot）如何接受恐惧而非愤怒。1900 年代极地探索的情绪及其对公众的传播

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247423000384

Alexandre Simon-Ekeland

引用次数: 0

The art of Inuit administration: Post-war Canada, cultural diplomacy and northern administration 因纽特人的管理艺术：战后加拿大、文化外交和北部行政管理

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247423000372

Pamela Stern, Ece Arslan

{"title":"The art of Inuit administration: Post-war Canada, cultural diplomacy and northern administration","authors":"Pamela Stern, Ece Arslan","doi":"10.1017/s0032247423000372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0032247423000372","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we expand on existing studies of Canadian Inuit art in the international arena by examining ways in which this new art served domestic purposes, focusing primarily on the 1950s and 1960s. The Canadian government developed and promoted Inuit art as part of its project to transform Inuit from semi-independent hunters into modern Canadian citizens. In this effort, Canada took up and assimilated Inuit art as a genuine Canadian cultural product, presenting it as diplomatic gifts and for other forms of international cultural diplomacy. Previous studies of Canadian Inuit art from that era have noted the ways that the promotion of Canadian Inuit art supported the young nation’s claims to a deep history, while simultaneously marking the country’s distinction from both the United States and the United Kingdom. In the context of the Cold War, the promotion of Canadian Inuit art also asserted Canada as an Arctic power. Labelled as “primitive modernist” fine art, Inuit sculpture and prints provided a stark contrast to the contemporaneous socialist realist art of the Soviet Union and its allies. We argue that the success of the Inuit art program sustained a belief among government officials that their programme to remake Inuit lives and livelihoods would succeed. Inuit art likely deflected attention from the many things that were going wrong with that northern modernisation project.","PeriodicalId":49685,"journal":{"name":"Polar Record","volume":"155 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139415378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fishy windows to an Arctic city: Urban (in)visibilities of global fisheries in Tromsø 北极城市的 "鱼窗"：特罗姆瑟全球渔业的城市（不）可见性

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247423000359

Auni Haapala

{"title":"Fishy windows to an Arctic city: Urban (in)visibilities of global fisheries in Tromsø","authors":"Auni Haapala","doi":"10.1017/s0032247423000359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0032247423000359","url":null,"abstract":"Although “urban” and “fisheries” are not commonly paired in the analyses of either urbanism or fisheries governance, today’s large-scale fisheries are often closely organised in connection with cities. In this paper, I build on a feminist perspective and urban studies to examine the makings of a city through contemporary fisheries. Drawing upon observations and interviews conducted in Tromsø, Norway, which is a key site for Arctic fisheries, I review how fish and fisheries are simultaneously made visible and invisible in urban spheres. By analysing the gendered structures and valuations that organise the city–fisheries relations, I introduce three “fishy” windows to demonstrate the kinds of development and future pathways for fisheries that are considered relevant and rational in and for the city. In particular, I discuss how the historical, techno-masculine narratives of mastering Arctic nature frame and legitimise fisheries practices as they expand throughout Tromsø. The study builds on the emerging research on Arctic urbanism to highlight the need to better integrate gendered analyses of the “urban” into social science research on natural resource extraction.","PeriodicalId":49685,"journal":{"name":"Polar Record","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139095790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soft institutions in Arctic governance—who does what? 北极治理中的软机构--谁在做什么？

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247423000335

Beate Steinveg, Svein Vigeland Rottem, Serafima Andreeva

{"title":"Soft institutions in Arctic governance—who does what?","authors":"Beate Steinveg, Svein Vigeland Rottem, Serafima Andreeva","doi":"10.1017/s0032247423000335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0032247423000335","url":null,"abstract":"The linkages between the Arctic and the rest of the world have become more profound and the region is increasingly attracting attention, also from non-Arctic state actors. Parallel to this development, the discussion about the future Arctic is taking place in various arenas, forums and among an increasing number of actors with interest in the region. At a time of high tension in international relations, and an increased likelihood of spill-over to Arctic cooperation, issues of governance of the Arctic region are potentially at stake. This makes it important that scholars are accurate in their analyses; confusing the mandate, responsibilities and purposes of different arenas for cooperation can be unfortunate. This article finds support in the literature on regime complexes and aims to show and analyse the differences between three key players in the Arctic: the Arctic Council, Arctic Frontiers and the Arctic Circle Assembly. In addition to exploring their differences, we ask what role these entities play in shaping policy in and for the Arctic. From mapping out the mandates, roles and responsibilities of the Arctic Council, Arctic Frontiers and Arctic Circle Assembly, and by nuancing their formal and informal aspects, we aim to contribute to clarifying misunderstandings regarding their functions and positions vis-à-vis each other.","PeriodicalId":49685,"journal":{"name":"Polar Record","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139083488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Science diplomacy and Asian states: Transforming the governance landscape in the Arctic 科学外交与亚洲国家：改变北极的治理格局

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247423000281

Gabriela Argüello, Vonintsoa Rafaly

{"title":"Science diplomacy and Asian states: Transforming the governance landscape in the Arctic","authors":"Gabriela Argüello, Vonintsoa Rafaly","doi":"10.1017/s0032247423000281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0032247423000281","url":null,"abstract":"As ice recedes, the governance of the Arctic is undergoing a significant change. What was once considered a frozen desert with little relevance to the legal system, the Arctic has gradually become a global object of governance. Furthermore, the growing political salience of the Arctic Ocean has generated interest in its governance beyond Arctic states, particularly Asian states such as China, India, Japan, Singapore and South Korea. These countries have been actively participating in regional cooperation arrangements, including the Arctic Council. Undoubtedly, science diplomacy has been an important driver in shaping the governance of the Arctic and maintaining it as a low-tension area. However, this perception is now being put to the test following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Amidst this crisis, we explore whether science diplomacy can continue to promote peaceful collaboration in the Arctic region. Our research suggests that science diplomacy could potentially aid in the future of Arctic governance, particularly with regard to the involvement of Asian states. We analyse the legal and geopolitical factors involved in determining the potential roles of Asian states in Arctic governance, including whether they could serve as a bridge between the West and Russia or if their actions might further fragment Arctic governance.","PeriodicalId":49685,"journal":{"name":"Polar Record","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138714871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Victorian prescience: The Lancet medical journal and the loss of the Franklin expedition, 1845–1859 维多利亚时代的先见之明：柳叶刀》医学杂志与富兰克林探险队的失利，1845-1859 年

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247423000323

Keith Millar

引用次数: 0

Logbooks and Antarctic sealing. Approaching early- and late-19th-century exploitation strategies and their archaeological footprint 航海日志和南极海豹。接近19世纪早期和晚期的开发策略及其考古足迹

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247423000293

Melisa A. Salerno, María Jimena Cruz

{"title":"Logbooks and Antarctic sealing. Approaching early- and late-19th-century exploitation strategies and their archaeological footprint","authors":"Melisa A. Salerno, María Jimena Cruz","doi":"10.1017/s0032247423000293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0032247423000293","url":null,"abstract":"In the 19th century, sealing vessels visited the South Shetland Islands to exploit animal resources for the global skin and oil markets. The captains or mates of these vessels were responsible for keeping a logbook in which they recorded daily observations of weather conditions, hunting activities, etc. Despite the value of these documents as a source of information, archaeologists studying Antarctic sealing have not always relied on them. This paper examines the potential of logbooks for providing information that is relevant to the archaeological study of sealing in the South Shetland Islands. In particular, it discusses how documentary analysis of exploitation strategies can provide insight into the dynamics that influenced the configuration of sealers’ sites. To this end, we propose a methodology for investigating exploitation strategies, taking into account several archaeologically sensitive variables, including the number, location and duration of landings, as well as the activities carried out during these events. We have taken four logbooks dating from the early and late 19th century – specifically those of the Aurora (1820–1821), the Huron (1820–1822), the Thomas Hunt (1873–1874) and the Sarah W. Hunt (1887–1888) – as case studies to test the proposed methodology.","PeriodicalId":49685,"journal":{"name":"Polar Record","volume":" 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138514416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thomas Blanky (1804–1848/51?)

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247423000311

Frank M. Schuster

引用次数: 0

Thamnolecania yunusii (Ramalinaceae) – A new species of lichenised fungus from Horseshoe Island (Antarctic Peninsula) 马蹄铁岛(南极半岛)地衣真菌一新种

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1017/s003224742300030x

Mehmet Gökhan Halici, Mithat Güllü, Ekrem Bölükbaşi, Merve Kahraman Yiğit

{"title":"Thamnolecania yunusii (Ramalinaceae) – A new species of lichenised fungus from Horseshoe Island (Antarctic Peninsula)","authors":"Mehmet Gökhan Halici, Mithat Güllü, Ekrem Bölükbaşi, Merve Kahraman Yiğit","doi":"10.1017/s003224742300030x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s003224742300030x","url":null,"abstract":"The new terricolous lichen species Thamnolecania yunusii Halıcı, Güllü, Bölükbaşı & Kahraman, which is characterised by its cream to greyish brown granulose-crustose thallus without vegetative propagules, is described from Horseshoe Island in the South-West Antarctic Peninsula region. All Thamnolecania species are known only from the Antarctic. The only species of the genus with a crustose thallus is T. racovitzae, but it differs from T. yunusii by growing on rocks, having an effuse to subeffigurate thallus that is sometimes isidiate and with shorter and narrower ascospores (c. 15 × 3.5 µm vs. 15.5–19.5 × 3.5–5.5 µm). The nrITS, mtSSU and RPB1 gene regions of the new species were studied and the phylogenetic position of the species was shown to be in the same clade as Thamnolecania gerlachei, T. brialmontii and T. racovitzae, but occurs on a different branch from these species. As T. yunusii is an Antarctic endemic, like the other Thamnolecania species, and most of the morphological characters fit well with this genus, we describe this new species under the genus Thamnolecania.","PeriodicalId":49685,"journal":{"name":"Polar Record","volume":" 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138514447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sŭ-pung-er’s pillar: The recent significant discovery of a relic related to the Franklin Expedition Sŭ-pung er的支柱：最近发现的与富兰克林探险队有关的遗迹

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1017/S0032247423000177

R. Taichman

{"title":"Sŭ-pung-er’s pillar: The recent significant discovery of a relic related to the Franklin Expedition","authors":"R. Taichman","doi":"10.1017/S0032247423000177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0032247423000177","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 1866, Charles F. Hall recorded testimony from a Pelly Bay native named Sŭ-pung-er who reported that together with his uncle, they had visited the Northwest coast of King William Island 4 years prior in search of materials abandoned by the Franklin Expedition. Sŭ-pung-er told Hall that he had identified a site which Hall believed was a “vault” which might contain documents and speculated that it could have been a burial site for a high-ranking officer. Sŭ-pung-er’s testimony also included the description of a wooden “pillar, stick or post” which marked the spot of the vault. The location of this site and the pillar have never been found. Yet they remain sought-after for both their significance and the potential bonanza of information about the expedition. Any clue or artefact, which could provide clarity for this site, is therefore of great value. This paper describes a model of the pillar seen on King Williams Island, replicated by Sŭ-pung-er, which Hall brought back from the Arctic and included in his list of Franklin relics. The model, now housed in the Smithsonian Museum of American History, was first featured in a drawing of relics appearing in 1869 in Harper’s Weekly magazine. The fact that this artefact has been in plain sight for so long, but unrecognised for what it is, is significant. The pillar model both provides clarity and continues the mystery surrounding the Franklin Expedition.","PeriodicalId":49685,"journal":{"name":"Polar Record","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45575212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0