维多利亚时代的先见之明:柳叶刀》医学杂志与富兰克林探险队的失利,1845-1859 年

IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY
Keith Millar
{"title":"维多利亚时代的先见之明:柳叶刀》医学杂志与富兰克林探险队的失利,1845-1859 年","authors":"Keith Millar","doi":"10.1017/s0032247423000323","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>The loss of Sir John Franklin’s Arctic expedition has provoked speculation about the cause of the fatal outcome from the expedition’s departure in 1845 to the present day. This study describes how <span>The Lancet</span>, first published in 1823 and now one of the world’s leading medical journals, drew conclusions at the time of the expedition’s loss, which closely parallel those of today’s most recent research. The journal took evidence from Arctic medical and naval experts to conclude in 1859 that the Admiralty’s misdirected searches committed the crews to ice-bound entrapment, which had fatal nutritional consequences. The Lancet’s prescience has been supported by recent research showing that the unique physical circumstances faced by the expedition had nutritional effects related to vitamin deficiencies, which explain mortality over the third winter and the eventual total loss. It is significant that, although published 160 years apart and with vitamins unknown in the Victorian era, both studies took robust evidence-based approaches to draw similar conclusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49685,"journal":{"name":"Polar Record","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Victorian prescience: The Lancet medical journal and the loss of the Franklin expedition, 1845–1859\",\"authors\":\"Keith Millar\",\"doi\":\"10.1017/s0032247423000323\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>The loss of Sir John Franklin’s Arctic expedition has provoked speculation about the cause of the fatal outcome from the expedition’s departure in 1845 to the present day. This study describes how <span>The Lancet</span>, first published in 1823 and now one of the world’s leading medical journals, drew conclusions at the time of the expedition’s loss, which closely parallel those of today’s most recent research. The journal took evidence from Arctic medical and naval experts to conclude in 1859 that the Admiralty’s misdirected searches committed the crews to ice-bound entrapment, which had fatal nutritional consequences. The Lancet’s prescience has been supported by recent research showing that the unique physical circumstances faced by the expedition had nutritional effects related to vitamin deficiencies, which explain mortality over the third winter and the eventual total loss. It is significant that, although published 160 years apart and with vitamins unknown in the Victorian era, both studies took robust evidence-based approaches to draw similar conclusions.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":49685,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Polar Record\",\"volume\":\"103 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-12-12\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Polar Record\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0032247423000323\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ECOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Polar Record","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0032247423000323","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

约翰-富兰克林爵士的北极探险队失利,引发了从 1845 年探险队出发到今天人们对这一致命结果的原因的猜测。本研究描述了《柳叶刀》(1823 年创刊,现为世界顶级医学期刊之一)在探险队失利时如何得出结论,这些结论与今天最新的研究结果非常相似。1859 年,该杂志根据北极医学专家和海军专家提供的证据得出结论:英国海军部错误的搜索方向导致船员被冰雪困住,造成了致命的营养不良后果。柳叶刀》杂志的先见之明得到了最新研究的支持,这些研究表明,探险队所面临的独特自然环境对营养的影响与维生素缺乏有关,这也是第三个冬天船员死亡和最终全军覆没的原因。值得注意的是,虽然两项研究的发表时间相隔 160 年,而且维多利亚时代还不知道维生素的存在,但它们都采取了基于证据的有力方法,得出了相似的结论。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Victorian prescience: The Lancet medical journal and the loss of the Franklin expedition, 1845–1859

The loss of Sir John Franklin’s Arctic expedition has provoked speculation about the cause of the fatal outcome from the expedition’s departure in 1845 to the present day. This study describes how The Lancet, first published in 1823 and now one of the world’s leading medical journals, drew conclusions at the time of the expedition’s loss, which closely parallel those of today’s most recent research. The journal took evidence from Arctic medical and naval experts to conclude in 1859 that the Admiralty’s misdirected searches committed the crews to ice-bound entrapment, which had fatal nutritional consequences. The Lancet’s prescience has been supported by recent research showing that the unique physical circumstances faced by the expedition had nutritional effects related to vitamin deficiencies, which explain mortality over the third winter and the eventual total loss. It is significant that, although published 160 years apart and with vitamins unknown in the Victorian era, both studies took robust evidence-based approaches to draw similar conclusions.

求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
Polar Record
Polar Record 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
25.00%
发文量
26
审稿时长
>36 weeks
期刊介绍: Polar Record is an international, peer-reviewed scholarly periodical publishing results from a wide range of polar research areas. The journal covers original primary research papers in the humanities, social sciences, physical sciences, life sciences, and polar technology, as well as papers concerning current political, economic, legal, and environmental issues in the Arctic or Antarctic. Polar Record endeavours to provide rapid publication, normally within nine months of initial submission.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信