Polar Record最新文献

Blubber for Bibles: translating colonialism in Inuit missions, c. 1750–1850 鲸脂圣经：因纽特传教士的殖民主义翻译，约 1750-1850 年

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247424000093

Hilary Mary Carey

{"title":"Blubber for Bibles: translating colonialism in Inuit missions, c. 1750–1850","authors":"Hilary Mary Carey","doi":"10.1017/s0032247424000093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0032247424000093","url":null,"abstract":"Between 1750 and 1850, at least twenty versions of the Greenlandic Bible were published through the efforts of Greenlandic catechists, Danish Lutherans, German Moravians, the Danish Bible Society and the British and Foreign Bible Society (BFBS). This article assesses the role of Greenlandic and other Inuit translators as they were engaged in the colonial project of devising a complete version of the scriptures in their own language. Using the relatively untapped correspondence of the BFBS, it considers how and why the status of Inuit translators changed over the course of the missionary translation project. In one response to the reception of new Bibles, Inuit people offered gifts of blubber to the BFBS to support translations for other mission communities. To understand the meaning of this exchange, this essay brings together the methodologies and perspectives of missionary linguistics. It uncovers the unique role played by Greenlandic and other Inuit translators and catechists, foregrounding their contribution to a successful national project, the creation of a national language for independent Greenland and the emergence of literate Christian communities. By reading along and against the grain of colonial archives, it seeks to recover something of the names and motivation of Inuit scripture translators.","PeriodicalId":49685,"journal":{"name":"Polar Record","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142204817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

British sailor or Inuk? A reappraisal of the ancestry of human skeletal remains found in 1949 by Henry Larsen, Cape Felix, King William Island 英国水手还是伊努克人？重新评估亨利-拉森 1949 年在威廉国王岛费利克斯角发现的人类骸骨的祖先身份

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1017/s003224742400010x

Douglas Stenton

引用次数: 0

“A romance based on information”: The curious case of Clements Markham’s Franklin Expedition novel "基于信息的浪漫"：克莱门茨-马卡姆的富兰克林探险小说奇案

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247424000081

Allegra Rosenberg

{"title":"“A romance based on information”: The curious case of Clements Markham’s Franklin Expedition novel","authors":"Allegra Rosenberg","doi":"10.1017/s0032247424000081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0032247424000081","url":null,"abstract":"Sir Clements Markham (1830-1916), secretary of the Royal Geographical Society for many decades, is best known for his role in shaping the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration and especially the career of his protege Robert Falcon Scott. His unpublished work of Franklin Expedition fiction, a 350-page handwritten manuscript held in the collection of the RGS, is an understudied artefact which has much to say about Markham’s life, work, and ideology. A work of fact-based history, yet also a fantasy on themes of chivalry, his 1899 novel James Fitzjames…, while occasionally mined for biographical information by scholars of the 19th-century Arctic, has never been fully evaluated on its own terms. An initial read reveals various preoccupations: Christian spirituality; the male body in extremis; loyalty to the imperial hierarchy; and a deep interest in establishing James Fitzjames as a heroic figure for posterity. In this paper, I aim to uncover various meanings embedded in this romance, place it into the ongoing literary afterlife of the Franklin Expedition, and demonstrate some of the insights it can offer regarding Markham’s role as a vital figure in the history of polar exploration.","PeriodicalId":49685,"journal":{"name":"Polar Record","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141259553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discovery of some initial sketches and notes for William Scoresby Junior’s An Account of the Arctic Regions 发现威廉-斯考斯比（William Scoresby Junior）《北极地区记述》的一些初步草图和笔记

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247424000056

Fiona Louise Barnard

引用次数: 0

Scoping Arctic expertise: The mismatch between traditional theories of expertise and Indigenous expertise 北极专门知识的范围：传统专业知识理论与土著专业知识之间的不匹配

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1017/s003224742400007x

Gabriella Gricius

引用次数: 0

Climate change, energy production, and Arctic tourism: A case study analysis of northern Alaska 气候变化、能源生产和北极旅游业：阿拉斯加北部案例研究分析

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247424000044

Elizabeth Nyman, Jenna A. Lamphere

{"title":"Climate change, energy production, and Arctic tourism: A case study analysis of northern Alaska","authors":"Elizabeth Nyman, Jenna A. Lamphere","doi":"10.1017/s0032247424000044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0032247424000044","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, there have been two kinds of economic activities in northern Alaska. The first and oldest is the subsistence lifestyle of the Indigenous peoples. The second and more recent is the development of the oil and gas industry, which began in earnest in 1977 with the competition of the Trans-Alaskan Pipeline and construction of a new road, the Dalton Highway. Although first used only by commercial traffic for the oilfield, in 1994, the highway opened to the public and is now frequented by tourists travelling above the Arctic Circle. In this paper, we analyse the future of northern Alaska tourism by considering evolutionary economic geography and the area’s likely reduction in oil and gas activity. We consider how climate change may serve as a trigger, impacting tourism through the rise of last chance tourism, and conduct a scenario-based analysis. We argue that the oil and gas industry is likely to continue along its current path, exhausting accessible resources and innovating technology to push into new territories in the far north. However, should the culmination of extraneous factors render climate change a trigger, industry decline could be offset by investments that repurpose the area’s industrial heritage into tourism sites.","PeriodicalId":49685,"journal":{"name":"Polar Record","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140203333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phasing out coal on Svalbard: From a conflict of interest to a contest over symbolic capital 在斯瓦尔巴逐步淘汰煤炭：从利益冲突到象征性资本之争

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247424000020

Tiril Vold Hansen

引用次数: 0

A tale of two species: Pringlea antiscorbutica and Azorella polaris, sub-Antarctic scurvy remedies 两个物种的故事：Pringlea antiscorbutica 和 Azorella polaris，亚南极坏血病良药

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247424000019

Karri Horton Hartley, Paul L. Guy, Janice M. Lord

{"title":"A tale of two species: Pringlea antiscorbutica and Azorella polaris, sub-Antarctic scurvy remedies","authors":"Karri Horton Hartley, Paul L. Guy, Janice M. Lord","doi":"10.1017/s0032247424000019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0032247424000019","url":null,"abstract":"Pringlea antiscorbutica (Brassicaceae) and Azorella polaris (syn. Stilbocarpa polaris, Apiaceae) are endemic sub-Antarctic flowering plants of significant ecological and historical importance. Pringlea antiscorbutica occurs on Îles Kerguelen and Crozet, Prince Edward, and the Heard and MacDonald Islands; A. polaris on Auckland, Campbell, and Macquarie Islands. We examine the use of these unrelated species of “wild cabbage,” as scurvy remedies and sustenance for eighteenth–nineteenth-century sailors. We trace their European discovery, taxonomic treatment, morphological representation, and cultural association through the historical record. Scurvy killed more sailors during the sixteenth-nineteenth centuries than armed conflict and shipwrecks combined. Both plants were essential to the survival of sailors and formed a nutritious, carbohydrate-rich staple of their diets, however, attitudes to these plants were strongly influenced by cultural background. Use of P. antiscorbutica as a scurvy remedy was promoted by Cook and Anderson, leading to a greater historical legacy than A. polaris, and a unique contemporary research focus on the plant’s nutritional value and cultivation potential. In contrast, contemporary studies of A. polaris have been directed primarily at the plant’s protection. Pringlea antiscorbutica and A. polaris are intrinsically linked to human associations with the sub-Antarctic islands, which further increases their cultural and conservation value.","PeriodicalId":49685,"journal":{"name":"Polar Record","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139587427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Franklin’s “Cemented Tomb”: The Jamme Report of 1928 Revisited 富兰克林的 "水泥墓"：重温 1928 年的贾姆报告

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247423000347

Russell S. Taichman

{"title":"Franklin’s “Cemented Tomb”: The Jamme Report of 1928 Revisited","authors":"Russell S. Taichman","doi":"10.1017/s0032247423000347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0032247423000347","url":null,"abstract":"Few details are known about the fate of the Franklin Expedition after it departed England in 1845. What we do know is derived from the archaeological record, Inuit testimony and brief communications written in 1847 and 1848 from the Expedition. During the 1860s, Charles Francis Hall went to the Arctic in search of survivors, papers, and relics. During Hall’s second expedition, two Inuit testimonies emerged which reported unusual site(s) on the Westcoast of King William Island which were reputedly built by the Expedition. Hall believed these sites were either a burial site or a cemented document vault(s). The first testimony, recorded by Hall himself, was obtained from a Pelly Bay Inuk, Sŭ-pung-er, in 1866. The second was collected from Pelly Bay Inuit by members of Hall’s support team, including Peter Bayne, in Hall’s absence in 1868. Eventually, the second testimony was sold to the Canadian Government in the form of a report written by George Jamme after Bayne’s death in 1928. Until now, only extracts of the Jamme Report have been available. This paper describes the background to the Jamme report and presents it in its entirety along with critiques so that scholars in the future may have this tool.","PeriodicalId":49685,"journal":{"name":"Polar Record","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139587697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Collaring nature: The use of foxes to find and rescue the members of the lost Franklin expedition 捕捉自然：利用狐狸寻找和营救失散的富兰克林探险队成员

IF 0.8 4区环境科学与生态学

Polar Record Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1017/s0032247423000360

Robert M. Peck

引用次数: 0