Quaternary International最新文献

{"title":"Holocene vegetation history of western Chukotka (Northeastern Asia) inferred from pollen records","authors":"D.V. Petrov ,&nbsp;A.A. Andreev ,&nbsp;G.K. Danilov ,&nbsp;A.A. Oskolski ,&nbsp;V.I. Tsygankova ,&nbsp;S.L. Vartanyan","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although paleoecological studies in the high Arctic has intensified in recent decades, many regions of the northeastern Siberia remain understudied. We present 5 new Holocene pollen records from northwestern Chukotka, Northeastern Asia. These findings contribute to our knowledge of landscape transformation in the Arctic since the end of Lateglacial time and are important for climate change predictions. Study sites are located in the basin of the Yurumkuveem River, the Chaun Lowland nd the lower flow of Pegtymel’ River. The results indicate, that the climatic conditions in the Early Holocene were more favorable for the local vegetation than those of today. The lower reaches of the Pegtymel’ River were occupied by southern tundra; several woody plant species grew in the river valleys of the Chaun Lowland, while larch accompanied by poplar and chosenia gallery forests reached Nyrki Lake the in northern part of the Anadyr River basin. With the onset of the Mid Holocene, trees and shrubs began to gradually disappear from the local vegetation communities indicating a climatic deterioration. Modern like vegetation was established in study region at the beginning of the Late Holocene.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"733 ","pages":"Article 109841"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MIS3 – MIS2 transition based on small mammal faunas from Palaeolithic sites in the centre of the East European Plain","authors":"Anastasia K. Markova,&nbsp;Andrey Yu. Puzachenko","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Palaeontological methods, including the study of fossil small mammals (Lagomorpha, Rodents, Eulipotyphla), are instructive for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. This paper presents results of fossil small mammals' investigation in cultural layers of six Late Pleistocene sites related to Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. In addition to prehistoric sites at Betovo, Khotylevo 2, Eliseevichi 2, Yudinovo, Novgorod Severskaya, and Byki 7, we analyse two synchronous Late Pleistocene natural faunal localities in Arapovichi and Troitsa 2, all in the centre East European Plain. The main aim of this paper is to reconstruct the transition of the regional small mammal fauna from the end of MIS 3 (the so-called Bryansk = Denekamp Interstadial) to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) of Marine Isotope stage 2 (MIS2) (∼32–17 ka BP). All small mammal assemblages show low species richness (3–16 taxa), with cold adapted tundra and steppe animals dominating, while forest mammals are rare or practically absent. Palaeozoological data indicate the existence of mosaic periglacial landscapes in the area, such as complicate composition of shrub tundra-like and periglacial steppe. The three-dimensional descriptive model reproduces changes in local faunal (LF) composition caused by the general climate trend during the transition from interstadial conditions at the end of MIS3 to the extremely cold conditions of the LGM (mid-MIS2). We distinguish four main phases of this transformation: phase I that corresponds to the end of MIS3 and the beginning of MIS2 and is characterised by the dominance of <em>Dicrostonyx</em> sp., relatively low occurrence of <em>Lasiopodomys anglicus/gregalis</em>, low occurrence of <em>Ochotona pusilla</em>; the next phase II is characterised by some decrease of <em>Dicrostonyx</em> sp. remains but the increase of <em>L. gregalis</em>. Phase III corresponds to the most severe climatic conditions in the GS-2.1 stadial. The youngest fauna of the Yudinovo site is characterised by the dominance of the collared lemming and the narrow-headed vole and corresponds to phase IV and the end of the LGM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"733 ","pages":"Article 109830"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollen preservation evidence from southern Patagonia (52°–54°S): Old methods, new insights into past changes in the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds","authors":"Robert D. McCulloch ,&nbsp;Mary B. McCulloch","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The analysis of pollen preservation data to support the interpretation of palynological records has been recognised since the 1960s, but the method, which incurs no additional resources, has rarely been adopted in Patagonia. This paper presents a synthesis of records of palaeovegetation and pollen preservation from six peat bogs, along a latitudinal transect in southern Patagonia (51°–54°S). The peat bogs are closed basins and thus sensitive to changes in precipitation and we detail how pollen preservation data demonstrate a high degree of sensitivity to and provide a robust indicator of persistent changes in mire surface wetness (MSW). We discuss how reconstructing the changing vegetation patterns coupled with MSW, in association with other regional proxies support inferences concerning latitudinal shifts in the southern westerly winds (SWWs), an important component of the Southern Hemisphere ocean-atmosphere circulation system. We also illustrate how analysing pollen preservation data can provide more nuanced site specific and regional information on lags and threshold responses in vegetation communities, to climate changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"733 ","pages":"Article 109825"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pleistocene murid rodent fossils from Semadong Cave in northern Peninsular Malaysia: taxonomic, zoogeographic, and environmental implications","authors":"Satapat Kumpitak ,&nbsp;Ros Fatihah Muhammad ,&nbsp;Lim Tze Tshen ,&nbsp;Kantapon Suraprasit","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The new fossil site of Semadong Cave in Perlis State, Malaysia, has yielded a very rich array of small vertebrate fossils that are composed mainly of fragmentary craniodental and postcranial remains of murine rodents plus some fragments of insectivores, large mammals, and amphibians. Here, we describe 383 dental remains of fossil murine rodents recovered from the whitish-grey silty clay, the fossiliferous layer deposited in the cave of Semadong. The fossil rodent assemblage is composed of ten identified murine species within seven genera, including two globally (<em>Prohadromys varavudhi</em> and <em>Saidomys siamensis</em>), and six locally <em>(Hadromys humei</em>, <em>Bandicota savilei</em>, <em>Berylmys berdmorei</em>, <em>Rattus andamanensis</em>, <em>Mus</em> cf. <em>pahari</em>, and <em>Mus cervicolor</em>) extinct taxa, two living species (<em>Rattus argentiventer</em> and <em>Rattus rattus</em>), and numerous remains identified as belonging to <em>Rattus</em> sp. and an indeterminate murine. The most abundant specimens were <em>Bandicota savilei</em>, followed by the indeterminate murine and <em>Rattus rattus</em>. The taxonomic results provide age estimates of the Pleistocene for micromammal fossil deposits. The presence of two primitive murid rodent species demonstrates the widespread distribution of Indochinese elements, extending further south of the Isthmus of Kra, into northern Sundaland. Paleoenvironmental evidence based on the presence of <em>Bandicota savilei</em>, <em>Rattus argentiventer</em>, and <em>Mus cervicolor</em> suggests that the expansion of Pleistocene tropical grasslands might have played a key role in facilitating their southward distribution. Meanwhile, other species, such as <em>Hadromys humei</em>, indicate the existence of forested areas under drier and cooler conditions than those found today.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"732 ","pages":"Article 109805"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature variability in northeastern China over the Past 2000 Years: Linkages with the Arctic oscillation and solar activity","authors":"Nan Zhan ,&nbsp;Fangang Zeng ,&nbsp;Qi Li ,&nbsp;Manman Xie ,&nbsp;Ruixia Hao ,&nbsp;Li Pingping ,&nbsp;Ruilin Wen ,&nbsp;Luo Wang ,&nbsp;Qing Sun ,&nbsp;Guoqiang Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding regional paleotemperature changes over the past 2000 years is crucial for global climate networks, as it provides valuable insights into climate dynamics and offers a regional perspective within the global system. In this study, we present a high-resolution temperature reconstruction (∼10-year resolution) for the past two millennia, using branched dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) from the laminated sediments of Lake Shuanggoushan in Northeast China. Our reconstruction of month-above-freezing temperatures (MAFT) revealed significant temperature variability on decadal to centennial timescales, which aligns well with other paleotemperature records from Northeast China but diverges from the composite temperature series of the broader Chinese region. In this region, instrumental records revealed a strong positive correlation between the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and winter-spring temperatures (Nov–Apr), with a weaker correlation during the ice-free season (May–Oct). Paleoclimate records further demonstrate a weak positive correlation (r = 0.22, p &lt; 0.01) between the AO index and MAFTs on decadal timescales, suggesting that the AO has influenced regional temperature variability over the past 2000 years. Spectral analysis of the temperature time series identified two periodicities (55–57 and 66–67 years) with 99 % confidence, which closely align with the ∼60-year solar cycle. This finding indicated a possible link between temperature variability and solar activity. Overall, our results highlight the significance of the AO and solar activity in driving decadal temperature variability during ice-free seasons in Northeast China over the past two millennia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"733 ","pages":"Article 109829"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought increased the response sensitivity of tree-ring δ18O for Qinghai spruce to climate change at different elevations in the eastern Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Yarong Qin ,&nbsp;Liang Jiao ,&nbsp;Qian Li ,&nbsp;Zhengdong Guo ,&nbsp;Peng Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruhong Xue ,&nbsp;Xuge Wang ,&nbsp;Kuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The frequency and duration of drought events are gradually increasing with global warming, which leads to widespread forest decline and mortality, affecting the stability of forest ecosystems. It is therefore of particular importance to gain an understanding of the response mechanisms of trees to drought. In this study, tree rings of the Qinghai spruce (<em>Picea crassifolia</em>) were collected at different elevations in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. The responses of tree ring stable oxygen isotopes (δ¹⁸O_tr) to climate factors and soil moisture were investigated at different elevations and periods. The results demonstrated that 1) there were no notable discrepancies in the δ¹⁸O_tr values of Qinghai spruce at varying elevations. 2) The response of δ¹⁸O_tr to climate factors increased significantly during the dry period, exhibiting a strong positive correlation with growing season temperature and a negative correlation with precipitation, scPDSI, and relative humidity. 3) The sensitivity of δ¹⁸O_tr to climatic factors increased with increasing drought intensity and the water use strategies of trees were changed at different elevations. This is mainly manifested in trees using deep soil moisture during and before the growing season to cope with drought. Therefore, the monitoring of climatic factors at different elevations should be enhanced in subsequent forest management and protection, while soil moisture management should be strengthened in different soil layers at different elevations to decrease the impact of drought on the growth of trees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"733 ","pages":"Article 109827"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) allow re-assessing late Holocene lake level fluctuations in Lago Cardiel, Southern Patagonia (Argentina) – Geomorphological and archeological implications” [Quatern. Int. 732 (2025) 109802]","authors":"Luis R. Horta ,&nbsp;Micaela Della Vedova ,&nbsp;Rafael Goñi ,&nbsp;Juan M. Dellepiane ,&nbsp;Daniel Ariztegui ,&nbsp;Patricio G. Villafañe","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109824","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"732 ","pages":"Article 109824"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143905832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How have Mediterranean peatlands changed in response to human influence during the Late Holocene? A case study from the Gölbaşı peatlands, Türkiye","authors":"Sena Inkaya ,&nbsp;Hulya Caner ,&nbsp;Jessie Woodbridge ,&nbsp;Huseyin Turoglu ,&nbsp;Ender Makineci ,&nbsp;Alper Gun Ozturna ,&nbsp;Meral Avci","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109806","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The eastern Mediterranean is a landscape that has been shaped by thousands of years of climatic shifts, cultural change and extensive human land use. However, late Holocene landscape change in the peatlands of southeastern Anatolia is currently not well understood. This environment is important to protect as a valuable carbon sink with many endemic plant species and a rich biodiversity. This study, which was carried out in the Gölbaşı depression in southeastern Anatolia, aimed to investigate vegetation changes during the Late Holocene and to evaluate human impact on the landscape. Late Holocene studies conducted in Anatolia have demonstrated an increase in aridity especially in continental regions and that this was a warmer period in general. Palaeovegetation studies indicate that the effects of human activities on vegetation in Anatolia have been considerably more pronounced during the last two millennia of the Late Holocene. In this study we have investigated how human activities have influenced vegetation change during the Late Holocene in the Gölbaşı basin, which is one of the eighteen largest peatlands in Anatolia, and located in a transition area between Mediterranean and continental climate regions. A sediment core (GLBS21) was taken from the Gölbaşı peatlands region and analysed for fossil pollen as a proxy for vegetation change. The arboreal pollen (AP) to non-arboreal (NAP) pollen ratio in the study area is 56 % AP and 44 % NAP indicating a semi-open landscape. According to the fossil pollen record, <em>Pinus</em>, <em>Cedrus</em>, <em>Juniperus</em>, <em>Quercus cerris</em> types are the most common tree species, and <em>Artemisia</em>, Asteraceae, Amaranthaceae, Poaceae and <em>Plantago</em> are common herbaceous pollen types. The high representation of non-arboreal pollen known to be associated with human impacts, such as <em>Artemisia</em>, <em>Plantago</em>, and Cerealia type, and the presence of arboreal pollen associated with cultivation, such as <em>Castanea</em>, <em>Juglans</em>, and <em>Pistacia</em>, indicate that human land use has played an important role in shaping this landscape. The record from Gölbaşı highlights the sensitivity of this region to changing human activity, for example, reforestation is evident following abandonment associated with plague that affected Anatolia in the 14th-15th century. The record also reveals continued agricultural activity during periods of conflict. The fossil pollen record emphasizes the resilience and changing character of this landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"732 ","pages":"Article 109806"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) allow re-assessing late Holocene lake level fluctuations in Lago Cardiel, Southern Patagonia (Argentina) – Geomorphological and archeological implications","authors":"Luis R. Horta ,&nbsp;Micaela Della Vedova ,&nbsp;Rafael Goñi ,&nbsp;Juan M. Dellepiane ,&nbsp;Daniel Ariztegui ,&nbsp;Patricio G. Villafañe","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lake-level fluctuations in closed basins provide valuable insights into past climates across multiple temporal scales. Microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) contribute significantly to high-resolution paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Lago Cardiel, a key site for paleoenvironmental studies in Patagonia, has been extensively studied since the late 1980s. This study refines late Holocene lake-level fluctuations using a multiproxy approach, including stratigraphic, paleontological, and archaeological data within a robust chronological framework.</div><div>For the first time, MISS have been identified as a result of recent lake-level drops. Four MISS levels (L1–L4) were documented in a northern bay near the archaeological site Patito Destapado, at elevations of 288–295 m a.s.l., interbedded with sand and gravel. Gastropods (Lymnaeidae and Chilinidae) from levels L1 and L3 were radiocarbon-dated to 2087 ± 21 and 3327 ± 26 years BP, respectively. L2 (289 m a.s.l.) corresponds to the PD site, dated to 3015 ± 31–3436 ± 35 years BP.</div><div>These findings link archaeological site reoccupations with recurrent low lake levels during the Late Holocene. The presence of MISS marks extended low-water periods, which created more accessible landscapes for human activity and settlement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"732 ","pages":"Article 109802"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earthquake environmental effects and ESI 2007 of the 6th February 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes along the East Anatolian Fault Zone (Türkiye)","authors":"Sarah J. Boulton ,&nbsp;Joshua N. Jones ,&nbsp;Fatma S. Malcioglu ,&nbsp;Aisling O'Kane ,&nbsp;Matthew D. Cleave ,&nbsp;Orestis Adamidis ,&nbsp;Teoman Efeoglu ,&nbsp;Yasemin Didem Aktaş","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake doublet resulted in a range of devasting impacts on the built and natural environments. Here the macroseimic intensity of the event is assessed using the Environmental Seismic Intensity Scale (ESI 2007), which considers a range of primary and secondary earthquake environmental effects (EEEs) resulting from the causative earthquakes. These features were documented as part of the hybrid Earthquake Engineering Field Investigation Team (EEFIT) mission and by numerous other studies in the aftermath of the earthquakes. The primary fault ruptures along segments of the East Anatolian Fault Zone exceeded 350 km along the Pazarcık segment (the first fault to rupture) with a maximum displacement (D_max) of ∼8 m, and 150 km with a D_max ∼7–8 m along the Çardak-Sürgü Fault, which subsequently ruptured later the same day in an event termed the Elbistan or Ekinözü earthquake. In addition, a range of other secondary effects such as landslides and rockfalls, liquefaction and lateral spreading, changes to springs, tsunami and widespread damage were reported over an area &gt;35,000 km². These data indicate epicentral intensities of XI and X for the Pazarcık and Elbistan earthquakes, respectively, consistent with the intensity inferred from measured offsets along these faults. Whereas site intensities based upon various secondary effects range from VIII – XI. Given the close association in time and space of the two main shock events it is difficult to attribute the wider off-fault secondary features to either event, especially where the faults converge in the north, but there is good correlation with: a) the mapped fault traces and many documented EEEs occur with 10–15 km of the rupture; and b) measured peak ground acceleration (PGA), where ESI 2007 intensities of &gt; X correspond to regions experiencing &gt;0.2 g PGA, and there are a few EEEs where PGA did not exceed 0.05 g. However, both maximum reported moment magnitude intensity (MMI) and Did You Feel It (DYFI) reports are 1–3° lower than the ESI 2007 values derived here, possibly resulting from bias towards urban areas. These data not only highlight the utility of using environmental effects in earthquake intensity studies but also suggest that the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes are unprecedented within the historical record of the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"732 ","pages":"Article 109804"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}