Quaternary International最新文献

{"title":"A long chronology for the British Late Middle Palaeolithic: MIS 5–MIS 3 occupation at Great Pan Farm (Isle of Wight, England)","authors":"Andrew Shaw ,&nbsp;Jon Dobbie ,&nbsp;Phil Toms ,&nbsp;Jamie Wood","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human occupation of Britain during the Late Middle Palaeolithic (LMP) has been characterised as spanning a duration of only ten to fifteen thousand years between ∼50 and 37 ka BP during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 and preceded with a period of human absence, potentially stretching from ∼165 to 130 Ka BP (MIS 6). New investigations at Great Pan Farm, Isle of Wight challenge this ‘short chronology’ for the LMP. Research, including lithostratigraphic revision, archaeological analysis and luminescence dating of sediments containing archaeology demonstrates two periods of human activity at the site. The earliest occurred during MIS 5 (115–84 Ka BP) and adds to more limited evidence from Dartford, Kent. It opens up a ‘long chronology’ for British LMP and the settlement history of the margins of northern Europe, relatable to more extensive regional datasets from northern France. The younger LMP archaeology from the site dates from ∼50 to 40 ka BP (early to mid MIS 3) and reflects the reoccupation of northern Europe after a period of climatic deterioration and abandonment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"736 ","pages":"Article 109846"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconstruction of water level variations during the last 4K years BP using magnetic and biological sedimentary proxies from Lake Fonck (northern Patagonia, Argentina)","authors":"F. Petruzzella ,&nbsp;M.A. Irurzun ,&nbsp;J. Massaferro ,&nbsp;C. Gogorza","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lakes have changed throughout history due to natural climatic variations and human impact. Lake Fonck is a lake of glacial origin located in northern Patagonia, Argentina, which has probably been also affected by these changes. A 160 cm sediment core from Lake Fonck covering the last 4000 years was analysed using a multiproxy approach. Magnetic measurements were conducted to determine the mineralogical composition, concentration and magnetic grain size to model water level variations in the lake and chironomid head capsules and organic matter were also analysed to provide additional and complementary information on productivity and environmental conditions. Although lake water levels and the chironomid assemblage varied over the entire period analysed, it was observed that the lake experienced the greatest environmental stress during the last 200 years. This period records the most acute droughts and floods of the last 4000 years, possibly related to human intervention in these ecosystems. This is the first study to combine environmental magnetic studies with biological (chironomid) analysis demonstrating the effectiveness of integrating multiple indicators of different sensitivities for climatic and environmental reconstructions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"736 ","pages":"Article 109843"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil weathering and human activities dominate trace elements in a stalagmite from Shandong Peninsula in coastal North China during the last millennium","authors":"Yuefeng Liu ,&nbsp;Ke Cheng ,&nbsp;György Czuppon ,&nbsp;Anikó Horváth ,&nbsp;Houyun Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trace elements in speleothems are important proxies for paleoclimate reconstructions. Water-rock interaction (WRI) and prior calcite precipitation (PCP) are two mechanisms mostly used to interpret trace elements in speleothems. It is usually assumed that higher ratios of trace element to calcium (X/Ca) indicate enhanced WRI and/or PCP effects and in turn drier climates. In this study, the Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca, and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of stalagmite KY1 (collected from Kaiyuan Cave in Shandong Peninsula, coastal North China) were determined and the mechanisms dominating the X/Ca and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios were investigated. The results indicate that 1) the soil layer overlying Kaiyuan Cave is an important source of trace elements in stalagmite KY1, contributing more than a half of Sr in stalagmite KY1; and 2) chemical weathering of the soil layer, instead of the two widely used mechanisms WRI and PCP, dominates the variations of the Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, and Ba/Ca ratios in stalagmite KY1 during the last millennium. Before ∼1670 CE, chemical weathering of and trace element release from the soil layer were controlled naturally by climates. Warm-humid climates strengthened chemical weathering of the soil layer, releasing relatively more trace elements and eventually resulted in higher X/Ca ratios in stalagmite KY1. Cold-dry climates were responsible for lower X/Ca ratios. After ∼1670 CE, human activities played a key role on the X/Ca ratio variations in stalagmite KY1. Enhanced reclamation led possibly to deforestation, reduced residence time of groundwaters in the soil layer, weakened chemical weathering of the soil layer, resulting in lower X/Ca ratios in stalagmite KY1. This study underlines the importance of the soil layer to accurately interpret trace elements in speleothems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"736 ","pages":"Article 109847"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sediment geochemistry and facies analysis as tools to interpret the paleolandscape evolution and pre-hispanic settlement dynamics on the eastern shore of Lake Texcoco (Mexico)","authors":"Kurt H. Wogau ,&nbsp;Carlos E. Cordova ,&nbsp;Luis Morett-Alatorre ,&nbsp;Guillermo Acosta-Ochoa ,&nbsp;Moritz Nykamp ,&nbsp;Philipp Hoelzmann","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous studies have shown that prehistoric hunter-gatherer groups and Mesoamerican societies settled on the eastern shore of the former Lake Texcoco. The lake shore was a fluvial-lacustrine landscape shaped by seasonal and long-term transgressions and regressions. However, the basis for linking sedimentary environments to paleolandscapes and pre-Hispanic settlements dynamics is lacking. Thus, we focus in this study on reconstructing sedimentary environments using geochemical and sedimentary facies analyses to study the paleolandscape inhabited by agricultural societies in the Lake Texcoco region. To test this approach, we studied the interface between the San Bernardino and Chapingo Rivers with the lacustrine realm on the eastern shore of Lake Texcoco. We defined sedimentary facies by analyzing their macro and microscopic attributes, as well as using XRD, p-ED-XRF, TOC, C/N, and texture analyses to assess their chemical, mineralogical, and sedimentological characteristics. The combined results allow eleven facies to be assigned to three distinct environments, i.e., lacustrine, transitional fluvial-lacustrine, and fluvial settings. The stratigraphic sections showed a lake transgression with a minimum age of 1293–1242 cal yr BP (657–708 CE) and 1363-1294 cal yr BP (587–656 CE). The absence of archaeological sites in the lower plains during the Late Classic period supports the interpretations of the lake phase. At least two regression phases are interpreted. The first event occurred during the Epiclassic period with a minimum age of 1154–1051 cal yr BP (796–899 CE). The second event has a minimum age of 560–518 cal yr BP (1390–1432 CE), which is consistent with the rise of multiple settlements during the Late Postclassic period. This interpretation is further supported by the increase in settlements during the Postclassic period, probably related to an increase in the variety of natural resources available.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"735 ","pages":"Article 109840"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Widespread evidence of Middle Stone Age (MSA) presence in Equatorial Guinea (West-Central Atlantic Africa)","authors":"Antonio Rosas ,&nbsp;Antonio García-Tabernero ,&nbsp;Darío Fidalgo ,&nbsp;Maximiliano Fero Meñe ,&nbsp;Alvaro Rodríguez-Berriguete ,&nbsp;Cayetano Ebana Ebana ,&nbsp;Mateo Ornia ,&nbsp;Javier Fernández-Martínez ,&nbsp;Juan Ignacio Morales","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the evolutionary history of humans in the rainforest ecosystems of West Central Africa remains a challenge, despite the region's significance for understanding both the biological and cultural history of <em>Homo sapiens</em>. The relative scarcity of archaeological and chronological references in African rainforests further complicates their integration into a broader evolutionary framework. Since 2014, 11 archaeo-paleontological campaigns have been conducted in Equatorial Guinea to uncover evidence of early human settlements in West Central Africa. These surveys identified 449 Quaternary outcrops, 50 of which yielded Paleolithic stone tools. Technological analysis reveals recurring patterns in Equatorial Guinea, particularly the widespread use of centripetal flaking techniques, either bifacial or unifacial, for flake production. Other methods include blade production and bipolar-on-anvil flaking. Retouched tools are characterized by large cutting and heavy-duty tools, such as handaxes, cleavers, and wedges, alongside bifacial points. Retouched flakes, including scrapers and denticulates, are rare, but some backed elements were identified despite their scarcity. A clear distinction emerges between coastal and inland sites. Coastal sites show greater raw material diversity and Acheulean-like morphotypes, absent in inland regions. The origins of these differences remain uncertain but may reflect geological, functional, ecological, or population history factors. The assemblages share features with the Middle Stone Age (MSA), including bifacial points, prepared core technologies, and laminar knapping. Acheulean morphotypes and heavy-duty tools, typical of the final phases of Mode 2, coexist with MSA characteristics, aligning the industries with the Lupemban technocomplex. This technocomplex appears to aggregate Mode 2 morphotypes, such as handaxes and cleavers, and Mode 3 flake production techniques and morphotypes, potentially indicating a degree of cultural continuity over at least 250 ka. However, preliminary dating places these industries within the Upper Pleistocene, with geological evidence suggesting poor preservation of sedimentary records predating the last glacial cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"736 ","pages":"Article 109849"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of plant micro-remains and organic acid residues reveals the dietary conditions at the Chengyan site during the early Yangshao Culture in western Henan, central China","authors":"Yingxue Gong ,&nbsp;Yuzhang Yang ,&nbsp;Xingtao Wei ,&nbsp;Jingwen Liao ,&nbsp;Binggui Sun ,&nbsp;Yuchun Wang ,&nbsp;Juzhong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The early Yangshao period (<em>ca</em>. 7.0–6.0 ka BP) is a pivotal transition stage for prehistoric human subsistence strategies from hunting and gathering to farming and husbandry. The western Henan Province constitutes the core area of Yangshao Culture. To investigate the dietary conditions of the early Yangshao ancestors in this area, analysis of plant micro-remains (starch grains and phytoliths) and organic acid residues was conducted on 34 pottery samples unearthed at the Chengyan Site in Lingbao City, western Henan Province, central China. The results revealed that the plant foods of the Chengyan people included Triticeae, Job's tears (<em>Coix lacryma-jobi</em>), rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em>), millet (<em>Setaria italica</em> and <em>Panicum miliaceum</em>), lotus root <em>(Nelumbo nucifera</em>), snake gourd root (<em>Trichosanthes kirilowii</em>), yam (<em>Dioscorea</em>), lily (<em>Lilium brownii</em>), legumes (Fabaceae), and acorn (<em>Quercus</em>), in which, some species served as raw materials for brewing fermented beverages. These findings demonstrate that botanical resource exploitation during this period in central China exhibited remarkable diversity, with foraging maintaining its significance as an essential subsistence strategy for early human populations in acquiring plant foods. The presence of rice at the Chengyan site indicates its spread to western Henan during the early Yangshao period, and a rice-millet mixed farming, dominated by foxtail millet and broomcorn millet, had developed in the area. This study provides valuable insights into the dietary patterns and agricultural production trajectories of the early Yangshao communities in the Central Plains region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"736 ","pages":"Article 109848"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paleoenvironmental changes and sea-level fluctuations record at Punta de s’Avançada, Mallorca Island","authors":"Federica Perazzotti ,&nbsp;Laura del Valle ,&nbsp;Giulia Cossu ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Pascucci ,&nbsp;Joan J. Fornós","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal landscapes are the most sensitive system to abrupt climate changes and important archives of past changes and can be used to reconstruct possible future scenarios potentially undergoing recurrent extreme climatic events. Evidence of this change can be observed in the study area of this paper, Punta de s’Avançada in Pollença, Mallorca (Balearic Islands, Spain). The stratigraphic record from the Punta de s'Avançada outcrop in North Mallorca provides valuable insights into the paleoenvironmental changes driven by Heinrich (HE) and Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events during the late Pleistocene. Detailed analysis of six distinct sedimentary units (U1-U6) reveals the significant impact of abrupt climatic shifts on sediment supply, depositional environments, and sea-level fluctuations. The cold, arid conditions during HE events, particularly H4 and H5, promoted extensive dune formation in Units U4 and U6, while the warmer, wetter conditions during DO events facilitated alluvial and colluvial deposition in Units U1 and U5. By integrating OSL dating with climatic oscillations, this study demonstrates the influence of millennial-scale HE and DO events on sedimentary processes in coastal landscapes of the western Mediterranean. The results show ages between 34 and 91 ka, suggesting a time interval between MIS 3 and MIS 5a. The findings underline the dynamic interplay between climate, sea level, and sedimentation in shaping Pleistocene coastal environments, contributing to a deeper understanding of the region response to glacial cycles and abrupt climate events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"735 ","pages":"Article 109839"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landform basis for the rise of early cities in the upper Jialu river basin, central China","authors":"Ye Li ,&nbsp;Peng Lu ,&nbsp;Panpan Chen ,&nbsp;Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Shugang Yang ,&nbsp;Xiangli Zhao ,&nbsp;Yinan Liao ,&nbsp;Yan Tian ,&nbsp;Zhen Wang ,&nbsp;Duowen Mo","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a significant emblem of human culture, the emergence and evolution of early cities represent a pivotal milestone in the chronicles of human history. However, the environmental mechanisms underlying the rise of early cities are still ambiguous. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of early cities and their landform basis in the upper Jialu River basin of Central China. By field surveys, OSL dating, and grain size analysis, we reconstructed the fluvial geomorphic evolution since the late Pleistocene and examined how landforms influenced the distribution of early city sites. The results showed that the water system pattern, including the Jialu River and its tributaries, had been established during the early Pleistocene. At 80-16 ka BP, there was continuous accumulation in the area. From 15 to 9.8 ka BP, the river incision resulted in the formation of the expansive T3 terrace. Between 9.8 and 2.5 ka BP, the regional geomorphology stabilized. Around 2.5 ka BP, river downcutting resulted in the formation of the T2 terrace. Following a minor accumulation phase, the T1 terrace emerged during the late historical period. The region's distinctive through-shaped landform was instrumental in the emergence and evolution of early cities. The landscape stability resulting from the river incision facilitated early urbanization and the expansion of urban areas. The river incision also fixed river channels in the plain areas, which were previously occupied by swamps and wetlands that gradually transformed into land, providing a foundation for the establishment of Zhengzhou Shang City, the capital of the early Shang Dynasty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"735 ","pages":"Article 109842"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"16,000-year hydroclimate reconstruction from Lake Von, Aotearoa New Zealand indicates Pacific-wide synchrony in Southern Hemisphere westerly wind variability","authors":"Greer Gilmer ,&nbsp;Christopher M. Moy ,&nbsp;Marcus J. Vandergoes ,&nbsp;Christina R. Riesselman ,&nbsp;William I. Henríquez","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intensity and latitudinal position of the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds (SWW) influence precipitation patterns across the mid to high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere, including across southern Te Waipounamu/South Island, Aotearoa New Zealand. Te Waipounamu/South Island is located along the modern northern margin of the strongest SWW, but there are no continuous high-resolution records of westerly wind variability and hydroclimate that extend back to the end of glaciation from this region. Here, we present a multi-millennial to multi-centennial reconstruction of hydroclimate and westerly wind intensity for southern Aotearoa New Zealand using a sediment core from Lake Von in Central Otago that spans the last ∼16,000 years. Higher lake levels and an expanded lake extent are caused by cooler and wetter climate conditions under more intense westerly wind flow. Conversely, a reduction in westerly wind intensity results in a warmer and drier climate, lower lake levels and migration of the shoreline towards the lake depocenter. There are seven episodes of low lake level between 11100 and 3500 cal yr BP that occur within two broad intervals between 11100 and 8300 cal yr BP and 6000–3500 cal yr BP. There are three periods of relatively high lake level between 12500 and 11200 cal yr BP, 8300 - 6000 cal yr BP, and 3500 cal yr BP to present. Multi-millennial to multi-centennial fluctuations in hydroclimate and westerly wind intensity at Lake Von are replicated by records across the Pacific Basin in southern South America showing synchronous hemisphere-wide shifts in westerly wind intensity through time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"735 ","pages":"Article 109826"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling the enigma of wind dynamics in the Minoan eruption of Thera: Exploring the influence of wind patterns during the Late Bronze Age catastrophe","authors":"Dimitrios Ntokos","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Minoan volcanic eruption of Thera, one of the most powerful volcanic events in recorded history, profoundly disrupted the Minoan civilization and altered the geopolitical landscape of ancient Eastern Mediterranean societies through widespread tephra deposition. This study investigates the dynamics of prevailing wind systems and their role in shaping the spatial distribution of volcanic ash during the eruption. A geospatial model employing Kriging interpolation was developed within a Geographic Information System (GIS) framework to estimate tephra dispersal patterns. The model was based on tephra thickness measurements from published site data and utilized spatial autocorrelation to interpolate deposition across unsampled regions. The results indicate that volcanic material was predominantly transported northeastward via stratospheric wind systems and southward due to northerly and northwesterly tropospheric winds over the Aegean Sea. The seasonal co-occurrence of these wind regimes, particularly during late spring, suggests that the eruption most likely occurred in May. The findings provide new insight into the atmospheric mechanisms of high-magnitude eruptions and their broader environmental and societal implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"735 ","pages":"Article 109838"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}