Quaternary International最新文献

{"title":"The first occupation of the mountains: Neolithic human-environmental interactions in the Kohgiluyeh region (southern Zagros, Iran)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2023.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2023.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper focuses on the first human settlement<span><span> of the Kohgiluyeh region in southwestern Iran in relation to regional environmental conditions. At an altitude between 500 and 3500 m asl, a range of different ecozones and diversified resources available at short distance compose this highly mountainous region. The first sedentary occupation occurred here during the 8th millennium BC. Applying </span>remote sensing, GIS and geo-topographic landscape analyses to contextualize the available dataset, our study illustrates that in the southern portion of the region fertile lands played a pivotal role for the first settled communities and the stability of their subsistence strategies. Farming became even more important during the later Neolithic phase. Furthermore, Neolithic sites are recorded along the bottom of open slopes, at locations with direct access to the combined resources of the plains and the hilly lands. The first occupation of the region is also documented at high elevation up to 1600 m asl, along narrow valley formations, where limited areas are available for farming.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"700 ","pages":"Pages 27-38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47217845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"At the onset of settled pastoralism – Implications of archaeozoological and isotope analyses from Bronze age sites in the North Caucasus","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2023.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2023.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bioarchaeological studies provide a valuable contribution to the understanding of the economy and activities of prehistoric populations in mountain regions. The Late Bronze Age in the Caucasus is an epoch of fundamental transformations that is accompanied by the development of a semi-stationary pastoral economy and ultimately by the emergence of combined mountain agriculture. So far, only a few archaeozoological assemblages from this period have been published. The site of Ransyrt-1 in the North Caucasus offers a substantial collection of bone material from the remains of a mountain sanctuary. Analysis of the animal remains as well as preliminary isotopic analyses of strontium, oxygen, and carbon shed light on animal exploitation at this site. Comparisons with slightly later settlements in the North and South Caucasus illustrate the development of intensive livestock management strategies in the Late Bronze Age in this region at the interface between Southwest Asia and the Eurasian steppe.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"700 ","pages":"Pages 50-67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618223001544/pdfft?md5=365df292afc6b03e27530c33078fe05b&pid=1-s2.0-S1040618223001544-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47245686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineral dust and lead deposition from land use and metallurgy in a 4800-year-old peat record from the Central Alps (Tyrol, Austria)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2023.03.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2023.03.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Humans have occupied the Alps over most of the Holocene. Yet, continuous records on the impact of using montane resources and landscapes are scarce or confined to segregated areas or periods. We present a high-resolution geochemical record of the last 4800 years from the ombrotrophic peatland Piller Moor in the Central Alps (Tyrolean Oberland, western Austria), using inductively coupled mass plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS) and highly efficient inter-calibrated portable X-ray fluorescence analysis (pXRF). Fluctuations of metal enrichment factors (EF) for lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and antimony (Sb), accumulation rates of anthropogenic lead (Pb_anth AR) and mineral matter (MAR), based on titanium (Ti), are in line with archaeological and pollen evidence for human presence and environmental change. Periods of intensified, erosive land use are indicated by MAR around 4400 cal BP, 3400 cal BP and, very prominently, at 2400 cal BP. After low MAR in the early Middle Ages, soil disturbances reappear around 1200 cal BP (750 AD), after 200 cal BP (1750 AD) and during the 20th century AD. We found evidence that metallurgy was practised in the area as early as 4450 cal BP, again from 3500 to 2900 cal BP and episodically between 2400 and 1400 cal BP. The Central Alps were presumably a source of increased Pb-emissions in the post-Roman period from 1500 to 1400 cal BP (450–550 AD). Generally, our findings suggest that mining predates archaeological and historical evidence. Following a continuous increase since the Middle Ages, atmospheric Pb EF and Pb_anth AR peak around 1980 AD. The record of mineral atmospheric input illustrates the notable impact of human activities on soil erosion and dust entrainment in the Central Alps. Furthermore, links between Little Ice Age cold phases and reduced human impact and mining are established. Our high-resolution peat-geochemistry data quantifies atmospheric deposition of mineral matter and Pb, which act as proxies for landscape evolution and metallurgy on a local and regional scale. It provides new insights and a deeper understanding of the interaction of climate, environment and humans in mountainous landscapes like the Central Alps.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"700 ","pages":"Pages 68-79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618223001027/pdfft?md5=8aa121ac715ae960cb7dc643aaf97ab6&pid=1-s2.0-S1040618223001027-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49052702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mobility of shepherds in the Upper Pyrenees: A spatial analysis of pathways and site-location differences from medieval times to the 20th century","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2023.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2023.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates ancient pastoral mobility in a high mountain area of the Pyrenees. Firstly, modern transhumant routes were analysed using GIS tools in order to understand possible determinant factors (such as terrain slope and altitude, water courses and possible nodes) in the layout of a route used for seasonal livestock movements. The observations obtained were then used to model optimal paths which may have been used by ancient shepherds. Subsequently, an analysis was made of the spatial relationship between the simulated paths and the dispersion pattern of archaeological sites in two time periods: Late Antiquity-Medieval (3rd-14th centuries AD) and Modern-Contemporary (18th-20th centuries AD). The results show significant differences in the spatial distribution of the sites throughout both periods in terms of accessibility and proximity to possible pathways. This variability provides information concerning historical changes in the social structure of pastoral alpine landscapes over long periods of time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"700 ","pages":"Pages 97-113"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618223002367/pdfft?md5=6d254bc068c72097588891aa06c7ce36&pid=1-s2.0-S1040618223002367-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45075830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhabiting the central Asian mountains: Study of modern campsites from the Nuratau range, Uzbekistan","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2023.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2023.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Settlements and dwellings related to pastoral communities in mountainous areas speak to the adaptation strategies of people to this specific environment. This paper describes unprecedented archaeological features found in the Nuratau Mountains of Uzbekistan, dated between the 18th-early 20th centuries AD, and interpreted as living places of pastoralist groups. Preliminary statistical and spatial analyses provide information on the intra- and inter-site organization and the settlement patterns of these communities. We document some variability in patterns of social and spatial organization of the dwellings and campsites and we discuss the interweaving of the ecological and cultural factors governing the settlement systems. When studied as both physical structures and social spaces, the Nuratau campsites contribute to highlight the choices made by pastoral communities in the past and to investigate the integration of human activities in mountain landscapes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"700 ","pages":"Pages 3-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139772895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifting the focus: Mountains as central places in prehistoric and early historic times","authors":"Andrea Ricci,&nbsp;Elodie Brisset,&nbsp;Morteza Djamali,&nbsp;Silvia Balatti","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"700 ","pages":"Pages 1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141845286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidisciplinary approach to investigate human-forest relationships in southern French Alps: How to estimate the impact of populations on the local mountain wood stock?","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2023.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2023.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>This study presents a multidisciplinary approach between palaeoecology<span> and the analysis of historical archives to reconstruct forest history subjected to long-term human activities. We focus on a case study from the southern French Alps (the Bléone Valley), for which a rich historical corpus but little palaeoenvironmental data are available. We compared and contrasted (i) pedoanthracological data obtained along an altitudinal transect (ca 400 m), (ii) dendrochronological data from historical buildings and old living trees, and (iii) historical data from written sources on forest management and land-use change. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the comparison between different proxy data to understand the history of mountain forest ecosystems and human-forest interactions is very challenging. We show that the spatial distribution of forest and </span></span>treeline position have been impacted by human activities, mainly due to agro-sylvo-pastoral practices through the use of fire and forest cutting to maintain open pasture lands and local building purposes. Despite centuries of local agro-sylvo-pastoral activities, the forest composition has remained relatively unchanged since the Middle Ages. Our comparison of historical documents with dendrochronological data on local buildings and soil charcoal data shows that the local demands of wood cannot explain the observed large-scale changes in forest spatial continuity. Curiously, the highest demand for wood by local residents did not occur in pace with modern demographic boom (17th century), as would be expected. Thus, we suggest that supra-regional external regulations and State's control played a more important role in forest management. Royal shipbuilding industry, more lucrative economic stakes, and expanded demand for timber for construction of buildings in urban areas of the lower valleys and plains are among the external factors which impacted forest exploitation during periods when logging was prohibited.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"700 ","pages":"Pages 80-96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44371293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical evidence for increased sediment supply from the Deccan basalts during the Late Holocene aridity","authors":"Yogesh R. Kulkarni ,&nbsp;Gyana Ranjan Tripathy ,&nbsp;Satish Jagdeo Sangode ,&nbsp;K.Ch.V. Naga Kumar ,&nbsp;G. Demudu ,&nbsp;Kakani Nageswara Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.07.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.07.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The drainage basins of Peninsular India are characterized by silicate-dominated lithologies, and influenced by Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) precipitation. The Godavari River Basin (GRB), the largest river basin in Peninsular India situated within the ISM region, represents an ideal case for assessing weathering and climate interaction at different timescales. In this contribution, major and trace elemental geochemistry of a radiocarbon-dated sediment core (CY; 54.2 m long) from the Godavari delta region was investigated to reconstruct erosional changes in the Godavari basin in response to ISM variations during the Late Holocene. Comparison of geochemical data for the CY sediments and their possible sources confirm dominant sediment supply from the Deccan basalts and Archean Gneisses to the site. A distinct increase in Ti/Al, Ca/Al, and Cr/Al, along with a decrease in CIA* and LREE/HREE at 3.2 ka BP, point to relative increase in sediment supply from the Deccan Traps. Inverse model calculations of Al-normalized ratios of selected elements (Ti, Fe, V, Cr, Cu, Co) estimate that the core site on average receives ∼41 % sediments from the Deccan regions, which increased by ∼20% since last 3.2 ka BP. This accelerated erosion is attributed to the coupled effect of aridity-induced Deccan upland erosion with a relative decrease from the Archean rock source. This period of accelerated erosion coincides with the abandonment of Chalcolithic settlements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"707 ","pages":"Pages 24-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142230679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing frequency of extreme climatic events in southern India during the Late Holocene: Evidence from lake sediments","authors":"A.S. Yamuna ,&nbsp;P. Vyshnav ,&nbsp;Anish Kumar Warrier ,&nbsp;M.C. Manoj ,&nbsp;K. Sandeep ,&nbsp;M. Kawsar ,&nbsp;G.S. Joju ,&nbsp;Rajveer Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.07.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.07.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we aim to reconstruct southern India's intrinsic environmental changes over the past 1500 years from 3330 to 1830 cal BP by investigating the sedimentation and weathering dynamics in Lake Shantisagara, one of Karnataka's largest lakes. Four distinct climatic phases were delineated based on sedimentological, geochemical, and End Member Modelling Analysis (EMMA) results. Phase 1 (3330-3100 cal BP) is a short-term low rainfall zone characterized by a calm hydrodynamic environment and weak chemical weathering. Phase 2 (3100-2800 cal BP) is a climatically unstable phase, fluctuating between low and high rainfall conditions. Phase 3 (2800-2200 cal BP) is characterized by a stable, low rainfall climate with weak fluvial activity and chemical weathering. It is followed by a highly unstable phase marked by frequent extreme climatic events (Phase 4; 2200-1830 cal BP). Our study reveals a highly unstable hydrodynamic condition that culminated in potentially catastrophic high rainfall events that triggered intense and frequent floods in southern India around ∼2208, 2054, 1958, and 1891 cal BP. Comparative studies of regional records show that the regional climate pattern is similar. There is a strong effect of Total Solar Irradiance (TSI), Sea Surface Temperature (SST) off the Malabar coast, location of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), and the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the monsoon system in southern India. This suggests that there is a global teleconnection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"707 ","pages":"Pages 13-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142230678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stable hydrogen isotope evidence of late-Holocene precipitation variability on the Caribbean slope of the Cordillera Central, Costa Rica","authors":"Phyllis Y.Y. Kho ,&nbsp;Chad S. Lane ,&nbsp;Sally P. Horn ,&nbsp;John C. Rodgers III ,&nbsp;Douglas W. Gamble","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.07.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quaint.2024.07.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Central America and the Caribbean, periods of increased aridity that correspond to the Terminal Classic Drought (TCD; 1200–850 cal yr BP) and the Little Ice Age (LIA; 500–100 cal yr BP) have been documented in many paleoclimate records. Compound-specific hydrogen (δD_alkane) and carbon (δ¹³C_alkane) isotopic compositions of <em>n</em>-alkanes in lake sediment can be used to interpret changes in paleoprecipitation and terrestrial paleovegetation, respectively. To assess the climate forcing mechanisms that drove the TCD and LIA, we established a multidecadal to centennial-scale late-Holocene reconstruction of precipitation variability and vegetation change at mid-elevation on the Caribbean slope of Costa Rica, developed from new δD_alkane, δ¹³C_alkane, and geochemical analyses and previous pollen and microscopic charcoal analyses from a sediment core from Laguna María Aguilar. Laguna María Aguilar is a freshwater lake located at 770 m elevation on the Caribbean slope of the Cordillera Central. During the TCD, δD_alkane data for María Aguilar indicate relatively wet conditions compared to the mean δD_alkane value for the entire record. Other proxy records for the TCD indicate that the Pacific slope of Costa Rica and sites above 3400 m near the continental divide experienced generally drier conditions than mid- and low-elevations on the Caribbean slope. We conclude that the TCD may have been driven by both Pacific and Atlantic climate-forcing mechanisms. During the LIA, the Laguna María Aguilar δD_alkane record indicates an increase in hydroclimate variability, with some of the highest recorded δD_alkane values (driest conditions) during the earliest portions of the LIA, but conditions were not persistently dry for the entirety of the LIA. Based on regional paleoclimate records overall, the LIA drought appears to be more clearly expressed on the Caribbean slope than on the Pacific slope of Costa Rica, indicating that the LIA was perhaps driven primarily by Atlantic Ocean conditions and climate dynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"708 ","pages":"Pages 1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142173056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}