Reviews in the Neurosciences最新文献_第10页

The role and mechanism of tryptophan - kynurenine metabolic pathway in depression. 色氨酸-犬尿氨酸代谢途径在抑郁症中的作用及机制。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0047

Xiaoli Gong, Rui Chang, Ju Zou, Sijie Tan, Zeyi Huang

{"title":"The role and mechanism of tryptophan - kynurenine metabolic pathway in depression.","authors":"Xiaoli Gong, Rui Chang, Ju Zou, Sijie Tan, Zeyi Huang","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2022-0047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2022-0047","url":null,"abstract":"Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental illness characterized by persistent low mood and anhedonia, normally accompanied with cognitive impairment. Due to its rising incidence and high rate of recurrence and disability, MDD poses a substantial threat to patients' physical and mental health, as well as a significant economic cost to society. However, the etiology and pathogenesis of MDD are still unclear. Chronic inflammation may cause indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) to become overactive throughout the body and brain, resulting in excess quinolinic acid (QUIN) and less kynuric acid (KYNA) in the brain. QUIN's neurotoxicity damages glial cells and neurons, accelerates neuronal apoptosis, hinders neuroplasticity, and causes depression due to inflammation. Therefore, abnormal TRP-KYN metabolic pathway and its metabolites have been closely related to MDD, suggesting changes in the TRP-KYN metabolic pathway might contribute to MDD. In addition, targeting TRP-KYN with traditional Chinese medicine showed promising treatment effects for MDD. This review summarizes the recent studies on the TRP-KYN metabolic pathway and its metabolites in depression, which would provide a theoretical basis for exploring the etiology and pathogenesis of depression.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":"34 3","pages":"313-324"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9199825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Frontmatter 头版头条

3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-frontmatter3

引用次数: 0

Efficient, continual, and generalized learning in the brain - neural mechanism of Mental Schema 2.0. 心理图式2.0的脑神经机制中的高效、持续和广义学习。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-03-27 Print Date: 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0137

Takefumi Ohki, Naoto Kunii, Zenas C Chao

{"title":"Efficient, continual, and generalized learning in the brain - neural mechanism of Mental Schema 2.0.","authors":"Takefumi Ohki, Naoto Kunii, Zenas C Chao","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2022-0137","DOIUrl":"10.1515/revneuro-2022-0137","url":null,"abstract":"There has been tremendous progress in artificial neural networks (ANNs) over the past decade; however, the gap between ANNs and the biological brain as a learning device remains large. With the goal of closing this gap, this paper reviews learning mechanisms in the brain by focusing on three important issues in ANN research: efficiency, continuity, and generalization. We first discuss the method by which the brain utilizes a variety of self-organizing mechanisms to maximize learning efficiency, with a focus on the role of spontaneous activity of the brain in shaping synaptic connections to facilitate spatiotemporal learning and numerical processing. Then, we examined the neuronal mechanisms that enable lifelong continual learning, with a focus on memory replay during sleep and its implementation in brain-inspired ANNs. Finally, we explored the method by which the brain generalizes learned knowledge in new situations, particularly from the mathematical generalization perspective of topology. Besides a systematic comparison in learning mechanisms between the brain and ANNs, we propose \"Mental Schema 2.0,\" a new computational property underlying the brain's unique learning ability that can be implemented in ANNs.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"839-868"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9221889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Neural correlates of multisensory integration in the human brain: an ALE meta-analysis. 人脑多感觉整合的神经关联:一项ALE荟萃分析。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0065

Sebastian Scheliga, Thilo Kellermann, Angelika Lampert, Roman Rolke, Marc Spehr, Ute Habel

{"title":"Neural correlates of multisensory integration in the human brain: an ALE meta-analysis.","authors":"Sebastian Scheliga, Thilo Kellermann, Angelika Lampert, Roman Rolke, Marc Spehr, Ute Habel","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2022-0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2022-0065","url":null,"abstract":"Previous fMRI research identified superior temporal sulcus as central integration area for audiovisual stimuli. However, less is known about a general multisensory integration network across senses. Therefore, we conducted activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis with multiple sensory modalities to identify a common brain network. We included 49 studies covering all Aristotelian senses i.e., auditory, visual, tactile, gustatory, and olfactory stimuli. Analysis revealed significant activation in bilateral superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, thalamus, right insula, and left inferior frontal gyrus. We assume these regions to be part of a general multisensory integration network comprising different functional roles. Here, thalamus operate as first subcortical relay projecting sensory information to higher cortical integration centers in superior temporal gyrus/sulcus while conflict-processing brain regions as insula and inferior frontal gyrus facilitate integration of incongruent information. We additionally performed meta-analytic connectivity modelling and found each brain region showed co-activations within the identified multisensory integration network. Therefore, by including multiple sensory modalities in our meta-analysis the results may provide evidence for a common brain network that supports different functional roles for multisensory integration.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":"34 2","pages":"223-245"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10831178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Dual-site TMS as a tool to probe effective interactions within the motor network: a review. 双位点经颅磁刺激作为探测运动网络内有效相互作用的工具:综述。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0020

Shanti Van Malderen, Melina Hehl, Stefanie Verstraelen, Stephan P Swinnen, Koen Cuypers

{"title":"Dual-site TMS as a tool to probe effective interactions within the motor network: a review.","authors":"Shanti Van Malderen, Melina Hehl, Stefanie Verstraelen, Stephan P Swinnen, Koen Cuypers","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2022-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2022-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation (ds-TMS) is well suited to investigate the causal effect of distant brain regions on the primary motor cortex, both at rest and during motor performance and learning. However, given the broad set of stimulation parameters, clarity about which parameters are most effective for identifying particular interactions is lacking. Here, evidence describing inter- and intra-hemispheric interactions during rest and in the context of motor tasks is reviewed. Our aims are threefold: (1) provide a detailed overview of ds-TMS literature regarding inter- and intra-hemispheric connectivity; (2) describe the applicability and contributions of these interactions to motor control, and; (3) discuss the practical implications and future directions. Of the 3659 studies screened, 109 were included and discussed. Overall, there is remarkable variability in the experimental context for assessing ds-TMS interactions, as well as in the use and reporting of stimulation parameters, hindering a quantitative comparison of results across studies. Further studies examining ds-TMS interactions in a systematic manner, and in which all critical parameters are carefully reported, are needed.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":"34 2","pages":"129-221"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9075563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Two-photon microscopy: application advantages and latest progress for in vivo imaging of neurons and blood vessels after ischemic stroke. 双光子显微镜：缺血性中风后神经元和血管活体成像的应用优势和最新进展。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Print Date: 2023-07-26 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0127

Jiarui Li, Xuan Wu, Yu Fu, Hao Nie, Zhouping Tang

{"title":"Two-photon microscopy: application advantages and latest progress for in vivo imaging of neurons and blood vessels after ischemic stroke.","authors":"Jiarui Li, Xuan Wu, Yu Fu, Hao Nie, Zhouping Tang","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2022-0127","DOIUrl":"10.1515/revneuro-2022-0127","url":null,"abstract":"Two-photon microscopy (TPM) plays an important role in the study of the changes of the two important components of neurovascular units (NVU) - neurons and blood vessels after ischemic stroke (IS). IS refers to sudden neurological dysfunction caused by focal cerebral ischemia, which is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. TPM is a new and rapidly developing high-resolution real-time imaging technique used in vivo that has attracted increasing attention from scientists in the neuroscience field. Neurons and blood vessels are important components of neurovascular units, and they undergo great changes after IS to respond to and compensate for ischemic injury. Here, we introduce the characteristics and pre-imaging preparations of TPM, and review the common methods and latest progress of TPM in the neuronal and vascular research for injury and recovery of IS in recent years. With the review, we clearly recognized that the most important advantage of TPM in the study of ischemic stroke is the ability to perform chronic longitudinal imaging of different tissues at a high resolution in vivo. Finally, we discuss the limitations of TPM and the technological advances in recent years.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":"34 5","pages":"559-572"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9966495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Frontmatter 头版头条

3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-frontmatter2

引用次数: 0

Functional changes in brain oscillations in dementia: a review. 痴呆症患者脑振荡的功能改变:综述。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0010

Andreina Giustiniani, Laura Danesin, Beatrice Bozzetto, AnnaRita Macina, Silvia Benavides-Varela, Francesca Burgio

{"title":"Functional changes in brain oscillations in dementia: a review.","authors":"Andreina Giustiniani, Laura Danesin, Beatrice Bozzetto, AnnaRita Macina, Silvia Benavides-Varela, Francesca Burgio","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2022-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2022-0010","url":null,"abstract":"A growing body of evidence indicates that several characteristics of electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) play a functional role in cognition and could be linked to the progression of cognitive decline in some neurological diseases such as dementia. The present paper reviews previous studies investigating changes in brain oscillations associated to the most common types of dementia, namely Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal degeneration (FTD), and vascular dementia (VaD), with the aim of identifying pathology-specific patterns of alterations and supporting differential diagnosis in clinical practice. The included studies analysed changes in frequency power, functional connectivity, and event-related potentials, as well as the relationship between electrophysiological changes and cognitive deficits. Current evidence suggests that an increase in slow wave activity (i.e., theta and delta) as well as a general reduction in the power of faster frequency bands (i.e., alpha and beta) characterizes AD, VaD, and FTD. Additionally, compared to healthy controls, AD exhibits alteration in latencies and amplitudes of the most common event related potentials. In the reviewed studies, these changes generally correlate with performances in many cognitive tests. In conclusion, particularly in AD, neurophysiological changes can be reliable early markers of dementia.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"25-47"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9370081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Pathophysiological aspects of complex PTSD - a neurobiological account in comparison to classic posttraumatic stress disorder and borderline personality disorder. 复杂创伤后应激障碍的病理生理方面-与经典创伤后应激障碍和边缘型人格障碍的神经生物学比较。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0014

Marion A Stopyra, Joe J Simon, Christiane Rheude, Christoph Nikendei

{"title":"Pathophysiological aspects of complex PTSD - a neurobiological account in comparison to classic posttraumatic stress disorder and borderline personality disorder.","authors":"Marion A Stopyra, Joe J Simon, Christiane Rheude, Christoph Nikendei","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2022-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2022-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Despite a great diagnostic overlap, complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) has been recognised by the ICD-11 as a new, discrete entity and recent empirical evidence points towards a distinction from simple posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). The development and maintenance of these disorders is sustained by neurobiological alterations and studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) may further contribute to a clear differentiation of CPTSD, PTSD and BPD. However, there are no existing fMRI studies directly comparing CPTSD, PTSD and BPD. In addition to a summarization of diagnostic differences and similarities, the current review aims to provide a qualitative comparison of neuroimaging findings on affective, attentional and memory processing in CPTSD, PTSD and BPD. Our narrative review alludes to an imbalance in limbic-frontal brain networks, which may be partially trans-diagnostically linked to the degree of trauma symptoms and their expression. Thus, CPTSD, PTSD and BPD may underlie a continuum where similar brain regions are involved but the direction of activation may constitute its distinct symptom expression. The neuronal alterations across these disorders may conceivably be better understood along a symptom-based continuum underlying CPTSD, PTSD and BPD. Further research is needed to amend for the heterogeneity in experimental paradigms and sample criteria.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"103-128"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9075551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Immunosenescence of brain accelerates Alzheimer's disease progression. 大脑免疫衰老加速阿尔茨海默病的进展。

IF 4.1 3区医学

Reviews in the Neurosciences Pub Date : 2023-01-27 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0021

Hou-Yu Chen, Yan Zhao, Yong-Zhi Xie

{"title":"Immunosenescence of brain accelerates Alzheimer's disease progression.","authors":"Hou-Yu Chen, Yan Zhao, Yong-Zhi Xie","doi":"10.1515/revneuro-2022-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2022-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Most of Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases are sporadic and occur after age 65. With prolonged life expectancy and general population aging, AD is becoming a significant public health concern. The immune system supports brain development, plasticity, and homeostasis, yet it is particularly vulnerable to aging-related changes. Aging of the immune system, called immunosenescence, is the multifaceted remodeling of the immune system during aging. Immunosenescence is a contributing factor to various age-related diseases, including AD. Age-related changes in brain immune cell phenotype and function, crosstalk between immune cells and neural cells, and neuroinflammation work together to promote neurodegeneration and age-related cognitive impairment. Although numerous studies have confirmed the correlation between systemic immune changes and AD, few studies focus on the immune state of brain microenvironment in aging and AD. This review mainly addresses the changes of brain immune microenvironment in aging and AD. Specifically, we delineate how various aspects of the brain immune microenvironment, including immune gateways, immune cells, and molecules, and the interplay between immune cells and neural cells, accelerate AD pathogenesis during aging. We also propose a theoretical framework of therapeutic strategies selectively targeting the different mechanisms to restore brain immune homeostasis.","PeriodicalId":49623,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in the Neurosciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"85-101"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10830736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2