Sally M Fields, Carolyn A Unsworth, Bobby Harreveld
{"title":"Education leads to increased adherence to the 'Australian Competency Standards for Occupational Therapy Driver Assessors'.","authors":"Sally M Fields, Carolyn A Unsworth, Bobby Harreveld","doi":"10.1080/11038128.2022.2076735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2022.2076735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Occupational therapy competency standards provide an evidence-base to inform clinical best practice, however it is not known whether education about competency standards will increase occupational therapists' adherence to their use.</p><p><strong>Aims/objectives: </strong>To investigate if education about the <i>'Australian Competency Standards for Occupational Therapy Driver Assessors'</i> leads to increased adherence to the competency standards in the clinical practice of occupational therapy driver assessors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A mixed methods multiple case study design was used to evaluate 5 occupational therapy driver assessors' adherence to the competency standards. An audit of 25 client files and interviews were conducted to evaluate practice against the competency standards prior to an education session, followed by an audit of a further 25 files, interview and feedback after education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Qualitative and quantitative analyses suggest that education about the <i>'Australian Competency Standards for Occupational Therapy Driver Assessors'</i> was associated with increased adherence to the competency standards in clinical practice. The results also support the use of competency standards in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and significance: </strong>Competency standards can be used to inform and guide clinical practice, and individualised education and feedback of practice against the competency standards can increase occupational therapists' adherence to these standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":49570,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9782118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Margrét Sigurðardóttir, Kristjana Fenger, Ariel E Schwartz
{"title":"Psychometric testing of the Icelandic Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA-IS).","authors":"Margrét Sigurðardóttir, Kristjana Fenger, Ariel E Schwartz","doi":"10.1080/11038128.2022.2074537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2022.2074537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA) is a self-report measure of occupational competence and values used to identify goals and assess outcomes. The Icelandic version of the OSA (OSA-IS) has been through several developmental stages to evaluate its psychometric properties. Through each stage, revisions have been made.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the psychometric properties of the fourth revised version of OSA-IS.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Retrospective data from 291 rehabilitation clients with a range of conditions were analysed using Rasch analysis of unidimensionality and descriptive statistics. All statistics were compared to established criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses suggest the OSA-IS items define unidimensional constructs of occupational competence and values. Most (89%) participants completed the assessment in a reliable manner and no association was observed between demographic variables and fit status. Differences in the item hierarchies were observed between the original OSA and the OSA-IS, suggesting that Icelandic clients responded differently due to cultural, linguistic and/or sample differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and significance: </strong>OSA-IS is a psychometrically sound instrument that may be used to support identification of client-centred goals and for intervention development. Clinicians should use score tables specifically developed for the OSA-IS to measure outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49570,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9943014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anette Enemark Larsen, Kristina Tomra Nielsen, Renee Taylor, Marc Sampedro Pilegaard, Eva Ejlersen Wæhrens
{"title":"Danish translation, adaptation and initial validation of the clinical assessment of modes questionnaires.","authors":"Anette Enemark Larsen, Kristina Tomra Nielsen, Renee Taylor, Marc Sampedro Pilegaard, Eva Ejlersen Wæhrens","doi":"10.1080/11038128.2021.1954997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2021.1954997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Clinical Assessment of Modes questionnaires (CAMQs) determine clients' preferential modes for therapy (CAM-C1), clients' perception of modes used by the occupational therapist (OTs) during therapy (CAM-C2), or modes the OTs believed to have used (CAM-T). Access to valid CAMQs for Danish OTs and clients required a rigorous translation and cultural adaptation process.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To translate and culturally adapt the CAMQs into Danish, examining face validity in a Danish context.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A 10-step guideline for the process of translating and culturally adapting questionnaires was followed. Steps 1-6 included translation into Danish, steps 7-8 involved cognitive debriefing interviews and validation based on the Content Validity Index (CVI) analyzed using Kappa statistics. Steps 9-10 finalized the process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CAMQs were translated into Danish. Based on cognitive debriefing interviews and CVIs involving 15 clients and 7 OTs, modifications regarding titles, layouts, instructions, wording and response categories were performed in all Danish CAMQs. The Item CVI and the modified kappa revealed that most participants had a high level of agreement on the cultural relevance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and significance: </strong>Translated versions of the CAMQs have been culturally adapted into Danish. The current Danish versions seem culturally relevant and useable in Danish occupational therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":49570,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11038128.2021.1954997","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9783102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Potential roles of occupational therapists in urban planning for age-friendly environments: A Q-methodology.","authors":"Tetsuya Anzai, Michael P Sy, Peter Bontje","doi":"10.1080/11038128.2023.2170913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2023.2170913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urban planning for age-friendly environments is an important issue, and occupational therapists and occupational scientists could contribute to planning such environments; however, knowledge of the potential roles of occupational therapists is limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the potential roles of occupational therapists in urban planning for age-friendly environments in Japan from the perspectives of occupational therapists and stakeholders.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A Q-methodology study was conducted to gain viewpoints from occupational therapists and stakeholders regarding their roles in the urban planning of age-friendly environments for older people in Japan. Participants included eight occupational therapists and seven stakeholders who completed the Q-sorting process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three viewpoints emerged which are interpreted as roles of occupational therapists: (1) Promote older people's participation in everyday activities in their communities, (2) Advocate for older people towards policy-making to reflect their occupational needs or perspectives, and (3) Arrange neighbourhood environments towards enhancing participation in occupation through adjustments to compensate for functional limitations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and significance: </strong>Results reveal the potential roles of occupational therapists in urban planning for age-friendly environments in Japan. These roles can be a guide in the continuing professional development of occupational therapists in the fields of urban planning for older people.</p>","PeriodicalId":49570,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10244239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Selma Ercan Doğu, Ayla Günal, Serkan Pekçetin, Sibel Örsel, Petra Wagman, Carita Håkansson
{"title":"Validity and reliability of the Turkish Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ11-T) in mental health.","authors":"Selma Ercan Doğu, Ayla Günal, Serkan Pekçetin, Sibel Örsel, Petra Wagman, Carita Håkansson","doi":"10.1080/11038128.2022.2164351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2022.2164351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People with psychiatric disabilities often find it difficult to maintain a satisfactory occupational balance.</p><p><strong>Aims/objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ11-T) in mental health.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>OBQ11-T was applied to 149 people for construct validity analysis and to 61 of them for reliability analysis. Validity was determined using factor analyses. The reliability of the OBQ between the first and second evaluations was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for each item and the total OBQ11-T score. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of factor analysis revealed one factor that explains 35.94% of the total variance in the model. OBQ11-T item 1 had the lowest and OBQ11-T item 4 had the highest factor loadings. The model fits the data according to the indices of relative fit (RMSEA = 0.087, CMIN/DF = 2.129, CFI = 0.901). There was an excellent correlation between test and retest OBQ11-T total scores (ICC = 0.905). All items of the OBQ11-T showed good reliability. Cronbach's alpha for the OBQ11-T total score was 0.839, indicating acceptable internal consistency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and significance: </strong>The current study showed that OBQ11-T is a valid and reliable tool for measuring the self-rated occupational balance of people with mental illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":49570,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9858057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Validity and reliability of the Occupational Experience Profile.","authors":"Karen E Atler, Anne G Fisher","doi":"10.1080/11038128.2022.2027009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2022.2027009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study was designed to evaluate the psychometric properties of a new tool, the Occupational Experience Profile (OEP). The OEP was designed to be used to evaluate people's levels of experiences of pleasure, productivity, restoration, and social connection during their occupational performances.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate aspects of validity and reliability of the OEP Pleasure, Productivity, Restoration and Social connection scales.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-eight occupational therapy students each completed three OEPs. Many-faceted Rasch analyses were then used to examine rating scale structure, dimensionality, and reliability of each OEP scale. Pearson product moment correlations were used to evaluate the strength of the relationships among the four scales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each of the four OEP rating scales demonstrated effective rating scale functioning. The OEP items on each scale demonstrated acceptable levels of item goodness of fit and worked together to define a unidimensional scale of occupational experiences. The four scales appear to measure different but interrelated constructs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results provide preliminary evidence to support the validity and reliability of the OEP scales, but further research on larger and more diverse samples is recommended.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>The OEP has the potential to be used in occupational therapy practice and research to evaluate how people experience their occupational performances.</p>","PeriodicalId":49570,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10142633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kristina Tomra Nielsen, Ulla Andersen, Eva Ejlersen Wæhrens, Cecilie von Bülow
{"title":"Quality of ADL task performance in persons with schizophrenia: Looking beyond independence.","authors":"Kristina Tomra Nielsen, Ulla Andersen, Eva Ejlersen Wæhrens, Cecilie von Bülow","doi":"10.1080/11038128.2023.2165541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2023.2165541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Persons with schizophrenia may experience decreased ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) indicated by need for assistance in everyday life. Others are independent, but their quality of ADL task performance in terms of effort and efficiency may still be impacted.</p><p><strong>Aims/objectives: </strong>The overall purpose of this study was to explore the quality of ADL task performance in subgroups with schizophrenia (independent/needing assistance).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Participants were in- and outpatients at a Psychiatric Hospital diagnosed with schizophrenia (<i>n</i> = 83). Their quality of ADL task performance was evaluated using the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS). Evaluations were conducted at the hospital. Two subgroups (A: independent and B: needing assistance) were created based on AMPS ADL ability measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority in both subgroups had AMPS ADL ability measures within the risk zones. Further, the majority in subgroup A had ADL ability measures within age expectations but below mean for well persons of the same age. Both ineffective motor and process skills were identified in both subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions/significance: </strong>Occupational therapy is indicated for persons with schizophrenia, both for independent persons and for persons needing assistance. This is to prevent decline in or to enhance ADL ability.</p>","PeriodicalId":49570,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9858062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Margaret L Søvik, Ruth Else M Eide, Bjørg Rene, Margaret M Strand, Ingvill Devik, Dag Einar Liland, Ingvild Kjeken, Tina Taule
{"title":"Rheumatic disease and fatigue: Participants' experiences of an activity-pacing group.","authors":"Margaret L Søvik, Ruth Else M Eide, Bjørg Rene, Margaret M Strand, Ingvill Devik, Dag Einar Liland, Ingvild Kjeken, Tina Taule","doi":"10.1080/11038128.2021.1998609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2021.1998609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fatigue is a common symptom of inflammatory rheumatic disease and has a great impact on everyday life. Activity-pacing is proposed as an intervention to increase participation in meaningful activities.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To explore participants' experiences with an activity-pacing group, how participants perceived self-managing everyday life after group attendance, and their reflections on unmet needs that could enhance self-management of everyday life with fatigue.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 participants who had attended an activity-pacing group. Thematic analyses were conducted.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Prior to group attendance, the participants expressed an awareness of their lack of knowledge of fatigue. Through group attendance, they increased their understanding of fatigue and their ability to apply strategies to better manage everyday life. Participants found it difficult to balance their energy use and realised that implementing activity-pacing strategies takes time. Therefore, they requested follow-up sessions with the activity-pacing group. They also desire that rheumatologists pay more attention to and acknowledge fatigue.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and significance: </strong>Enhancing the understanding of fatigue and how to manage everyday life with fatigue, appears to be important. Group interventions led by occupational therapists and with a focus on activity-pacing may be a suitable approach. Follow-up sessions are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":49570,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9574780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Gillisdotter, Malin Regardt, Eva Månsson Lexell
{"title":"The \"Managing Fatigue\" programme - Experiences shared by MS participants.","authors":"Anna Gillisdotter, Malin Regardt, Eva Månsson Lexell","doi":"10.1080/11038128.2021.1905057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2021.1905057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The \"Managing Fatigue\" (MF) programme can help people living with Multiple sclerosis (MS) manage fatigue in their everyday lives. The programme has been proven feasible with Swedish occupational therapists, but there is a lack of knowledge of how MS participants experience the programme, and what they learned from participating in the programme.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe how Swedish MS participants experience the content and structure of the Swedish MF programme, as well as what they learned from participating in the programme.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Qualitative interviews were performed with nine MS participants, and data were analysed according to direct content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants experienced programme material was relevant, and they valued the structured sessions that utilised different teaching forms. Participants described the group format and the experienced course leader nurtured their learning process. They learned occupational skills to save energy, to re-value daily occupations, and initiated a process of change, but individual support is needed after programme completion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and significance: </strong>Findings support programme feasibility among MS participants, and show the importance of being able to practice skills to handle fatigue in everyday life. Future studies should consider adding outcome measures focussing on engagement in occupations when evaluating programme effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":49570,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11038128.2021.1905057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9575062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aileen Bergström, Kjersti Vik, Maria Haak, Silke Metzelthin, Lea Graff, Kari Margrete Hjelle
{"title":"The jigsaw puzzle of activities for mastering daily life; service recipients and professionals' perceptions of gains and changes attributed to reablement - A qualitative meta-synthesis.","authors":"Aileen Bergström, Kjersti Vik, Maria Haak, Silke Metzelthin, Lea Graff, Kari Margrete Hjelle","doi":"10.1080/11038128.2022.2081603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2022.2081603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reablement services are intended to make a difference in the daily lives of older adults. Outcomes are often described in terms of independence, improving quality of life, improving ADL functioning, or reducing services. However, little is known if the older adults or next-of-kin experience these outcomes when talking about participating in reablement services.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to explore how older adults, next-of-kin, and professionals narrate the reablement recipients' possible outcomes as gains and changes in everyday life during and after the reablement period.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This meta-synthesis included 13 studies. Data were analyzed with a meta-ethnographic approach, searching for overarching metaphors, in three stages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The metaphor 'the jigsaw puzzle of activities for mastering daily life again' illustrates that re-assembling everyday life after reablement is not a straightforward process of gains and changes but includes several daily activities that must be organized and fit together. To obtain a deeper understanding of the participants' gains, and changes after reablement, we use the theoretical framework of 'doing, being, becoming, and belonging'.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicate the complexity of reablement services as well as the need for a holistic approach.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Outcome measures should be meaningful for reablement recipients.</p>","PeriodicalId":49570,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9946764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}