Zachary Elijah Stewart, Lisa Park, Kamal Tarabine, Kenneth S Lee
{"title":"Musculoskeletal Interventions: The Past, Present, and Future.","authors":"Zachary Elijah Stewart, Lisa Park, Kamal Tarabine, Kenneth S Lee","doi":"10.1055/a-2818-3761","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2818-3761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Musculoskeletal radiology has transitioned to \"musculoskeletal imaging and intervention,\" encompassing both traditional diagnostic roles and specialized interventional roles shared with our interventional radiology colleagues. As part of the 30th year of publication of <i>Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology</i>, we are excited to present to readers what musculoskeletal interventions embody and how the field has progressed from past to present. We also specifically examine the future impact of artificial intelligence, robotics, and emerging technologies on procedural safety and effectiveness. Artificial intelligence is already optimizing scheduling and needle visualization while robotics and augmented reality are demonstrating high success rates in autonomous injections and biopsies. To envision the future of musculoskeletal intervention and the evolving roles of artificial intelligence and robotics, we must first understand where the field originated and where it stands today.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"426-438"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anniversary Issue.","authors":"Michael Recht, Marco Zanetti","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1822841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0046-1822841","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"30 4","pages":"395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148537595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander F Heimann, Jose A Roshardt, Florian Schmaranzer, Reto Sutter
{"title":"Role of Imaging in Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome: From Pathomechanics to Patient-Specific Management.","authors":"Alexander F Heimann, Jose A Roshardt, Florian Schmaranzer, Reto Sutter","doi":"10.1055/a-2817-2932","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2817-2932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome is a significant morphology-driven hip disorder in which abnormal osseous geometry and dynamic hip motion lead to intra- and/or extra-articular mechanical conflict. Repetitive impingement induces chondrolabral injuries, promoting early joint degeneration and representing a major pathway to osteoarthritis. Although cam and pincer morphologies and femoral torsion abnormalities are commonly observed on imaging, these features alone are not sufficient for diagnosis, requiring integration with clinical evaluation.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Imaging plays a pivotal role in assessing femoroacetabular impingement syndrome, from diagnosis to preoperative planning and postoperative follow-up. Conventional radiography remains indispensable for the primary assessment of hip morphology. Computed tomography provides high-resolution three-dimensional characterization of osseous structures and torsional alignment. Magnetic resonance imaging, including direct magnetic resonance arthrography and traction or position-specific protocols, allows detailed evaluation of chondrolabral lesions, cartilage integrity, and periarticular soft tissues. Quantitative cartilage imaging and three-dimensional modeling further enhance detection of early degeneration, motion-dependent impingement, and dynamic instability.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Accurate differentiation between impingement and instability is critical. Imaging findings guide planning, patient selection, and prognostication, supporting surgical interventions while minimizing risks. This review provides a structured overview of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome pathomechanics and imaging, highlighting conventional and advanced modalities, established and emerging diagnostic parameters, and their implications for patient-specific management.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"450-463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabian Nicolas Jud, Nadja Mamisch-Saupe, Benjamin Fritz, Marco Zanetti
{"title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging of T2-weighted Hypointense Nodular Lesions of the Foot and Ankle: A Pictorial Review of Rheumatoid Nodules, Tophaceous Gout, and Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor.","authors":"Fabian Nicolas Jud, Nadja Mamisch-Saupe, Benjamin Fritz, Marco Zanetti","doi":"10.1055/a-2808-2134","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2808-2134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Nodular soft tissue abnormalities are common in the foot and ankle and often demonstrate overlapping magnetic resonance imaging features, typically showing high signal intensity on T2-weighted sequences. In contrast, T2-weighted hypointense soft tissue nodules are less common and encompass a range of neoplastic and pseudotumoral entities. Among these, Morton's neuroma is likely the most prevalent abnormality; however, other less common but clinically relevant lesions may appear with similar imaging features.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>This article focuses on three such conditions: rheumatoid nodules, tophaceous gout, and tenosynovial giant cell tumor. Although the imaging findings of these lesions themselves are often nonspecific, the associated features can provide important diagnostic clues. Rheumatoid nodules typically occur around the metatarsophalangeal joints, in areas subject to repeated mechanical stress, and usually present as multiple lesions with accompanying intermetatarsal bursitis. In contrast, tophaceous gout is rarely associated with interdigital bursitis, but more commonly it shows diffuse fatty muscle infiltration. Tenosynovial giant cell tumors are typically limited to a single joint space or tendon sheath and usually not associated with bursitis, pseudobursae, or fatty infiltration of the muscles.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"505-514"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147822826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siddhant Dogra, Olivia Bussey, Bari Dane, Miriam A Bredella, Soterios Gyftopoulos
{"title":"Opportunistic Screening Based on Computed Tomography in Musculoskeletal Radiology: How and Why.","authors":"Siddhant Dogra, Olivia Bussey, Bari Dane, Miriam A Bredella, Soterios Gyftopoulos","doi":"10.1055/a-2811-6756","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2811-6756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>With the rapid growth of the use of computed tomography, advances in artificial intelligence enable opportunistic screening, the systematic extraction of clinically meaningful biomarkers from imaging scans performed for other indications. Modeling studies demonstrate that opportunistic screening can be highly cost effective by enabling early intervention and preventing complications such as osteoporotic fractures. Musculoskeletal radiologists are uniquely positioned to contribute to this paradigm shift because routine examinations frequently include vertebrae, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and vasculature, all structures that provide quantitative data on bone mineral density, sarcopenia, adiposity, and cardiovascular risk. However, widespread implementation faces challenges, such as the need for prospective outcomes data, normative reference standards, workflow integration, and clear pathways for clinical follow-up. This review examines the rationale, technical foundations, key applications, and challenges for opportunistic screening in musculoskeletal radiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"496-504"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148240457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New Techniques in Musculoskeletal MRI: State of the Art.","authors":"Jan Vosshenrich, Iman Khodarahmi, Jan Fritz","doi":"10.1055/a-2811-7011","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2811-7011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Musculoskeletal magnetic resonance imaging has evolved substantially, driven by advances in hardware, image acquisition, and reconstruction techniques. Improvements in gradient performance and dedicated radiofrequency coils have enhanced spatial resolution and scan efficiency across field strengths. Image acceleration strategies, including parallel imaging, simultaneous multislice acquisition, and compressed sensing, now enable high-quality two-dimensional and three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging with markedly reduced examination times and facilitate the time-neutral incorporation of advanced metal artifact reduction techniques into clinical magnetic resonance imaging protocols.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Deep learning-based reconstruction and super-resolution augmentation methods have further expanded achievable acceleration and image quality. Emerging techniques such as synthetic magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance neurography, kinematic magnetic resonance imaging, and zero echo time magnetic resonance imaging expand the capabilities of musculoskeletal magnetic resonance imaging. At the same time, renewed interest in low-field magnetic resonance imaging provides intriguing opportunities to improve accessibility and sustainability. Ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging provides unprecedented spatial resolution and quantitative insights in selected applications. These developments are redefining musculoskeletal magnetic resonance imaging practice and broadening its clinical value.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":"414-425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147935039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stress Reactions in Bone and Stress Fractures.","authors":"Üstün Aydıngöz","doi":"10.1055/a-2892-9441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2892-9441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The term \"stress fracture\" encompasses a spectrum of bone injuries resulting from repetitive submaximal loading that exceeds the bone's capacity for repair. This review explores the pathophysiology and clinical classifications of stress-related skeletal injuries, distinguishing between fatigue fractures-occurring when abnormal stress is applied to healthy bone-and insufficiency fractures, which arise from normal physiological stress on weakened bone. I discuss specific manifestations, including spondylolysis, distal clavicular osteolysis, atypical femur fractures, and pregnancy-associated vertebral compression fractures. Furthermore, the role of biomechanical alterations caused by conditions such as scoliosis and lumbosacral transitional vertebra in predisposing bone to stress reactions is addressed. Finally, I overview emerging future directions, specifically zero echo time MRI and deep learning-based synthetic CT, which generate CT-like images from MRI, and deep learning-based opportunistic CT screening for the early detection of osteoporosis, which provides a pathway to prevent catastrophic fracture through automated trabecular attenuation analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148632478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thigh and Groin Overuse Injuries.","authors":"Mehmet Bilgin Eser, Ahmet Peker","doi":"10.1055/a-2891-3810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2891-3810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Overuse injuries affecting the hip, groin, and thigh represent a significant burden in both endurance and field sport athletes. This narrative review examines the anatomy, biomechanics, and imaging manifestations of the common overuse injuries in these regions, with particular emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and their clinical correlation. We systematize injuries within the Doha classification framework, discussing adductor-related pain, pubic-related pain, iliopsoas-related pain, and inguinal-related pain, along with thigh-based pathology including proximal hamstring tendinopathy, rectus femoris injuries, femoral stress fractures, and greater trochanteric pain syndrome. Contemporary 3T MRI protocols, which offer advantages in spatial and contrast resolution, are reviewed; well-optimized 1.5T protocols also provide adequate assessment for most indications, alongside the complementary roles of ultrasound and radiography. The progression of muscle healing is detailed with implications for return-to-play assessment. Understanding the correlation between imaging findings and clinical presentation remains essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management guidance to sports medicine practitioners and surgeons.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148609429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tatiane Cantarelli Rodrigues, Bruna Pereira de Oliveira, Ivan Rodrigues Barros Godoy, Aline Serfaty
{"title":"Overuse Injuries of the Knee.","authors":"Tatiane Cantarelli Rodrigues, Bruna Pereira de Oliveira, Ivan Rodrigues Barros Godoy, Aline Serfaty","doi":"10.1055/a-2891-4051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2891-4051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Overuse injuries of the knee represent a broad spectrum of disorders resulting from repetitive mechanical loading and failed tissue adaptation. These conditions commonly affect athletes and physically active individuals and may involve tendons, cartilage, bone, and periarticular soft tissues. Imaging plays a central role in diagnosis, with radiographs and ultrasound providing initial assessment, and MRI offering the highest sensitivity for early and subtle abnormalities. A wide range of entities may be encountered, including extensor mechanism tendinopathies, traction apophysitis in the immature skeleton, friction syndromes, synovial and fat pad impingement, medial bursitis, and bone stress injuries. Many of these conditions share overlapping clinical presentations and may mimic intra-articular pathology, particularly meniscal disease. Understanding the underlying biomechanical mechanisms and recognizing characteristic imaging patterns are essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. This review provides a comprehensive overview of overuse injuries of the knee, emphasizing imaging findings, anatomical distribution, and key differential considerations to improve diagnostic accuracy and clinical relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148537544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}