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DXA: New Concepts and Tools Beyond Bone Mineral Density. DXA：超越骨矿密度的新概念和新工具。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788579
Irene Carmen Pizza, Alessia Bongiorno, Martina Pedullà, Domenico Albano, Luca Maria Sconfienza, Carmelo Messina
{"title":"DXA: New Concepts and Tools Beyond Bone Mineral Density.","authors":"Irene Carmen Pizza, Alessia Bongiorno, Martina Pedullà, Domenico Albano, Luca Maria Sconfienza, Carmelo Messina","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since its introduction in 1987, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has revolutionized bone assessment, becoming the gold standard for measuring bone mineral density (BMD). Its low radiation exposure and high accuracy have made it indispensable in diagnosing osteoporosis, aligning with World Health Organization criteria. However, DXA evolution extends beyond BMD measurement, with emerging tools like the Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) and the DXA-based Bone Strain Index (BSI). TBS provides insights into trabecular bone architecture, enhancing the prediction of fracture risk. Despite limitations like body mass index correlation, TBS aids in evaluating patients with conditions such as diabetes and glucocorticoid exposure. BSI, introduced in 2019, evaluates bone strength using finite element analysis, complementing BMD and TBS by assessing bone fatigue.Advancements in DXA-based tools extend to Hip Structural Analysis and three-dimensional DXA software, offering valuable insights into hip fracture risk. Moreover, DXA serves beyond bone assessment, aiding in abdominal aortic calcification assessment, enhancing cardiovascular risk stratification. In summary, the expanding capabilities of DXA promise comprehensive skeletal and cardiovascular health evaluation, contributing significantly to clinical management and prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"28 5","pages":"528-538"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bone Marrow and Metabolic Bone Disease. 骨髓和代谢性骨病。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788692
Maria Pilar Aparisi Gómez, Alberto Bazzocchi
{"title":"Bone Marrow and Metabolic Bone Disease.","authors":"Maria Pilar Aparisi Gómez, Alberto Bazzocchi","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The bone marrow represents one of the largest organs in the body, with a relevant metabolic role that continues to be investigated. Numerous studies have focused on marrow adipose tissue (MAT). Evidence indicates that the bone marrow adipocytes do not only work as storage tissue but also consist of endocrine and paracrine cells, with the potential to contribute to local and systemic metabolism. MAT plays a role in bone health through its interaction with the other components of bone. Many metabolic disorders (osteoporosis, obesity, diabetes) have a complex and still not well-established or understood relationship with bone health. This article surveys the literature on the relationship of bone marrow and metabolic disorders, and how it is being studied using imaging techniques, with a special focus on bone health.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"28 5","pages":"515-527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Opportunistic Screening of Bone Fragility Using Computed Tomography. 利用计算机断层扫描对骨质脆性进行机会性筛查。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788816
Julian B Herrera Acevedo, Leon Lenchik, Ashley A Weaver, Robert D Boutin, Scott Wuertzer
{"title":"Opportunistic Screening of Bone Fragility Using Computed Tomography.","authors":"Julian B Herrera Acevedo, Leon Lenchik, Ashley A Weaver, Robert D Boutin, Scott Wuertzer","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Opportunistic screening uses existing imaging studies for additional diagnostic insights without imposing further burden on patients. We explore the potential of opportunistic computed tomography (CT) screening for osteoporosis, a condition affecting 500 million people globally and leading to significant health care costs and fragility fractures. Although dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) remains the gold standard for diagnosing osteoporosis, > 50% of fractures occur in individuals not screened previously with DXA. With recent advancements in technology, CT has emerged as the most promising tool for opportunistic screening due to its wide use and the ability to provide quantitative measurements of bone attenuation, a surrogate of bone mineral density. This article discusses the technical considerations, calibration methods, and potential benefits of CT for osteoporosis screening. It also explores the role of automation, supervised and unsupervised, in streamlining the diagnostic process, improving accuracy, and potentially developing new biomarkers of bone health. The potential addition of radiomics and genomics is also highlighted, showcasing the synergy between genetic and imaging data for a more comprehensive understanding of osteoporosis pathophysiology and with it possible novel osteoporosis therapies. The future of opportunistic CT screening holds significant promise, with automation and advanced image processing ultimately enhancing patient care, reducing rates of osteoporotic fractures, and improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"28 5","pages":"620-627"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Ulnar Nerve Mimicking a Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor: A Radiologic Puzzle. 模仿恶性周围神经鞘瘤的尺神经炎性假瘤：放射学之谜
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788578
Eimantas Abelkis, Kirsten van Langevelde, Thom Doeleman, Justus Groen, Ana Navas Cañete
{"title":"Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Ulnar Nerve Mimicking a Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor: A Radiologic Puzzle.","authors":"Eimantas Abelkis, Kirsten van Langevelde, Thom Doeleman, Justus Groen, Ana Navas Cañete","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788578","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1788578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of a peripheral nerve is a rare non-neoplastic tumefactive inflammatory condition, often mimicking malignancy. The etiology of this condition is still unknown. Clinically and radiologically, the lesion can mimic a malignant tumor. This case report represents, as far as we know, the first publication describing the ultrasonography findings and the results of advanced dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion-weighted MRI of IPT in a peripheral nerve. Suspicion of this entity on imaging can speed up the definitive diagnosis and potentially avoid overly radical treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"28 5","pages":"651-656"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Metabolic Bone Diseases: Recommendations for Interventional Radiology. 代谢性骨病：对介入放射学的建议。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788580
Antonio Di Donna, Salvatore Masala, Gianluca Muto, Stefano Marcia, Flavio Giordano, Mario Muto
{"title":"Metabolic Bone Diseases: Recommendations for Interventional Radiology.","authors":"Antonio Di Donna, Salvatore Masala, Gianluca Muto, Stefano Marcia, Flavio Giordano, Mario Muto","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic bone diseases (MBDs), including osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and Paget's disease, represent a significant challenge in medical imaging and intervention. Interventional radiologists play a pivotal role in managing these conditions, due to the crucial role of detailed and precise imaging in diagnosing and treating MBDs. This article offers comprehensive recommendations aimed at optimizing interventional radiologic practices for patients with MBDs, highlighting the importance of using advanced imaging modalities, including dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging, essential for accurate assessment of bone mineral density and architecture, guiding effective intervention strategies. We also discuss the use of minimally invasive procedures like vertebroplasty and biopsy, vital for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, to enhance diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic outcomes, ensuring high-quality patient management in the context of MBDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"28 5","pages":"641-650"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Imaging of Metabolic Bone Diseases. 代谢性骨病的成像。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1789256
Alberto Bazzocchi, Giuseppe Guglielmi
{"title":"Imaging of Metabolic Bone Diseases.","authors":"Alberto Bazzocchi, Giuseppe Guglielmi","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1789256","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1789256","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"28 5","pages":"513-514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Radiofrequency Echographic Multi-Spectrometry in the Diagnosis of Metabolic Bone Disease. 射频超声多谱勒诊断代谢性骨病。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788885
Rossella Gifuni, Manuela Montatore, Riccardo Guglielmi, Alberto Bazzocchi, Carmelo Messina, Giuseppe Guglielmi
{"title":"Radiofrequency Echographic Multi-Spectrometry in the Diagnosis of Metabolic Bone Disease.","authors":"Rossella Gifuni, Manuela Montatore, Riccardo Guglielmi, Alberto Bazzocchi, Carmelo Messina, Giuseppe Guglielmi","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bone mineral density (BMD) pose several limitations in some patient categories, such as pregnant women and young people. This review article explores whether the innovative radiofrequency echographic multi-spectrometry (REMS) technology is beneficial for assessing the bone condition of various patient groups. Common consequences in patients with acromegalia, prostate cancer undergoing hormone therapy, osteogenesis imperfecta, anorexia nervosa, and in a peritoneal dialysis setting include decreased BMD and an increased risk of fragility fracture.DXA is currently regarded as the gold standard for BMD assessment. However, using the DXA technique has several drawbacks in a young patient who requires repeated BMD tests because it uses ionizing radiation. Because of its precision and consistency, the REMS technique may be a valuable tool to assess changes in bone condition in patients of all ages, particularly in female patients who are fertile or who are pregnant or nursing.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"28 5","pages":"547-556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Magnetic Resonance Assessment of Bone Quality in Metabolic Bone Diseases. 代谢性骨病的骨质磁共振评估
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1788693
Nico Sollmann, Michael Dieckmeyer, Julio Carballido-Gamio, Anh Tu Van, Dimitrios C Karampinos, Georg C Feuerriegel, Sarah C Foreman, Alexandra S Gersing, Roland Krug, Thomas Baum, Jan S Kirschke
{"title":"Magnetic Resonance Assessment of Bone Quality in Metabolic Bone Diseases.","authors":"Nico Sollmann, Michael Dieckmeyer, Julio Carballido-Gamio, Anh Tu Van, Dimitrios C Karampinos, Georg C Feuerriegel, Sarah C Foreman, Alexandra S Gersing, Roland Krug, Thomas Baum, Jan S Kirschke","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic bone diseases (MBDs) are a diverse group of diseases, affecting the mass or structure of bones and leading to reduced bone quality. Parameters representing different aspects of bone health can be obtained from various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods such as proton MR spectroscopy, as well as chemical shift encoding-based water-fat imaging, that have been frequently applied to study bone marrow in particular. Furthermore, T2* mapping and high-resolution trabecular bone imaging have been implemented to study bone microstructure. In addition, quantitative susceptibility mapping and ultrashort echo time imaging are used for trabecular and cortical bone assessment. This review offers an overview of technical aspects, as well as major clinical applications and derived main findings, for MRI-based assessment of bone quality in MBDs. It focuses on osteoporosis as the most common MBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"28 5","pages":"576-593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Congenital and Traumatic Conditions of the Pediatric Hand: Overview for the Radiologist. 小儿手部的先天性和外伤性疾病：放射科医生概述。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1779716
J Herman Kan, Olivia A Barron, Bryce R Bell
{"title":"Congenital and Traumatic Conditions of the Pediatric Hand: Overview for the Radiologist.","authors":"J Herman Kan, Olivia A Barron, Bryce R Bell","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1779716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1779716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alignment, longitudinal growth, and function of the musculoskeletal unit of the pediatric hand is complex due to the combination of open growth plates, ossification variations, and their relationship with finger tendinous and ligamentous attachments. This review presents the basics of normal development, acquired and congenital variations, and traumatic conditions of the pediatric hand from the perspective of the pediatric musculoskeletal radiologist and hand surgeon. This multimodality imaging article focuses on non-oncologic and non-rheumatologic conditions of the pediatric hand, inclusive of fingers, thumb, and metacarpal bones.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"28 4","pages":"424-436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Imaging of Disease and Normal Variant Patterns in Pediatric Hips. 小儿髋关节疾病和正常变异模式的成像。
IF 0.9 4区 医学
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786153
Jade A Anderson, Nicholas Laucis, John Symanski, Donna Blankenbaker
{"title":"Imaging of Disease and Normal Variant Patterns in Pediatric Hips.","authors":"Jade A Anderson, Nicholas Laucis, John Symanski, Donna Blankenbaker","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1786153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1786153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pediatric hip undergoes significant changes from infancy through adolescence. Proper maturation is crucial for the development of a stable and functional hip joint. Imaging interpretation of the pediatric hip requires distinguishing normal variants and maturation patterns from pathology. We review femoral ossification centers, variants, and conditions that affect the proximal femur, such as Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease; the acetabulum, such as developmental hip dysplasia; the acetabular labrum, such as femoroacetabular impingement; and synovial pathology in children through adolescence. Understanding the spectrum of hip conditions and using advanced imaging techniques are essential for the accurate diagnosis and effective management of pediatric hip disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"28 4","pages":"447-461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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