Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"Right posterior communicating artery arising from the extreme proximal internal carotid artery, paraclinoid segment, diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography.","authors":"Akira Uchino, Yuki Mukai","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03696-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03696-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a case of right posterior communicating artery (PCoA) arising from the extreme proximal internal carotid artery (ICA), paraclinoid segment, diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An 80-year-old woman with subacute hemorrhagic infarction of the right basal ganglia underwent MRA using a 3-Tesla scanner. MRA was performed using a standard 3-dimensional time-of-flight technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MRA of the intracranial region revealed no pathological lesions. A right fetal-type posterior cerebral artery (PCA) was observed. The hyperplastic right PCoA arose from the paraclinoid segment of the ICA, just distal to the origin of the ophthalmic artery, which is an extremely proximal point relative to the usual point at which it arises.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PCoA usually arises from the supraclinoid segment of the ICA, just proximal to the origin of the anterior choroidal artery. The PCA, which is mainly supplied by ICA, is called a fetal-type PCA, and there is a hyperplastic PCoA. Extremely rarely, the PCoA arises from a fenestration of the supraclinoid ICA. In such cases, the PCoA arises from the extremely proximal point of the ICA if the distal segment of the fenestration regresses. To our knowledge, no similar cases have been reported in the relevant English-language literature. Although the image quality of MRA is insufficient, careful observation of the source images and creation of volume-rendering MRA images are important for the correct diagnosis of this extremely rare variation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144795971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digastric morphology of flexor digitorum superficialis muscle: anatomic study basis for a myotendinous lengthening technique.","authors":"Pablo Martínez-Collado, Juan Falcón-Goicoechea, Anton Fornieles-Espinel, Oscar Peñuela-Avendaño, Manuel Llusá-Pérez, Maria Rosa Morro-Martí","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03693-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03693-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study is to delineate the anatomical characteristics of the intermediate tendon of the flexor digitorum superficialis, with a view to evaluating the feasibility of performing a myotendinous lengthening procedure on this tendon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 14 cryopreserved cadavers were utilized. In order to perform myotendinous lengthening, it was considered important to record the following variables: the presence of intermediate tendon, the morphology of the intermediate tendon, the amplitude of the intermediate tendon, the amplitude of the musculature contiguous to the tendon, the muscle thickness overlying the intermediate tendon, the presence of origin in the proximal fascia and the pennation angle. To allow visualization of the pennation angle, the anatomical specimens were preserved in 2% formaldehyde solution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All specimens exhibited an intermediate tendon suggesting the digastric morphology of the flexor digitorum superficialis. All specimens exhibited an origin in the proximal fascia. The mean amplitude at the mid-measurement point of the intermediate tendon of the 14 specimens is 7.94 ± 2.65 mm. At this point, the mean muscle amplitude is 23.6 ± 5.79 mm, indicating that the intermediate tendon overlaps 33.9% of the muscle belly amplitude in the coronal plane. With regard to the thickness of the muscle overlying the midpoint between the tendon fiber convergence zones, the mean of the measurements recorded is 6.24 ± 1.66 mm. The pennation angles for the index finger were 24.86° and 13.93° for proximal and distal fibers respectively, while the mean angle for the little finger was 1.21°.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The analysis of the morphology of the flexor digitorum superficialis suggests that this is a digastric muscle with an intermediate tendon that has the characteristics to be a candidate for sliding or tenotomy for myotendinous lengthening, considering the potential loss of strength that may result.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144785793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistence of the midline septum of the odontoid process: anatomical and radiological study.","authors":"Joe Iwanaga, Rarinthorn Samrid, Norio Kitagawa, Basem Ishak, Hisaaki Uchikado, Sassan Keshavarzi, Christopher M Maulucci, Aaron S Dumont, R Shane Tubbs","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03683-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-025-03683-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During our screening of the computed tomography (CT) images of the craniocervical junction, we noticed that the odontoid process occasionally contains a highly ossified region in the midline consistent with a bony septum. Given its potential significance, this study aimed to investigate the highly ossified region in the midline of the odontoid process and to discuss its clinical relevance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eleven C2 vertebrae from formalin-embalmed cadaveric heads were assigned to micro-CT examination. When the midline septum was confirmed, gross anatomical and histological observations were performed. Another 20 dry adult C2 vertebrae were randomly chosen, and the midline septum was investigated using gross anatomical and histological observations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall prevalence of the midline septum was 22.6% (7/31) (36.7% with cadaveric C2 using micro-CT and 15% in dry C2). The midline septa were found within the anterior two-thirds in the axial view and superior two-thirds in the coronal view. The midline septum in each sample varied in its shape.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To our knowledge, this is the first study of the persistence of the midline septum of the odontoid process. We found the overall prevalence of this septum was 22.6%. All of the midline septa were found within the anterior two-thirds in the axial view and superior two-thirds in the coronal view. Future clinical studies are necessary to further explore its potential biomechanical and surgical significance, particularly in influencing odontoid fracture patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144785794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-related alterations in the shape of the external occipital protuberance in children.","authors":"Ali Atadağ, Ömer Faruk Cihan, Aslıhan Artaş, Firdevs Aşantoğrol, Serdar Sönmezışık, Ceyda Şevval Çetin, Zeynep Şencan, Orhan Beger","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03694-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03694-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144785792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suprascapular nerve anatomy and its implication for approaches to peripheral nerve stimulation of its sensory branching: a morphometric cadaveric study.","authors":"Janice Wang, Brock Halling, Dugan Hult, Mayank Gupta, Bryan G Beutel","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03692-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03692-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The suprascapular notch (SNo) is used to guide lead placement during peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) of the suprascapular nerve (SNe) for refractory shoulder pain. Understanding branching patterns of the SNe can help determine the most effective site for lead placement to improve coverage and effective stimulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-three formalin-embalmed cadaveric shoulders were dissected and a morphometric analysis was conducted. The course and initial branch point of the SNe relative to the superior transverse scapular ligament (STSL) at the SNo were described. The width and depth of the SNo, and the diameter of the SNe within the SNo, were measured. Comparisons were performed between donor sex, laterality, and age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SNe branched proximal to the SNo in 15% of shoulders, directly at the SNo in 54%, and distal to the SNo in 31%. The SNe occupied the medial third of the SNo in 15%, middle third in 59%, and lateral third in 26%. The SNe branched a mean of 1.5 mm from the SNo. The mean depth of the SNo was 5.8 mm and the mean width was 7.8 mm. The mean diameter of the SNe was significantly greater in males (2.6 mm) than females (2.2 mm) (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The main branching of the SNe tends to occur proximal to, or directly under, the STSL and in the middle third of the SNo. This knowledge can help guide clinicians when placing PNS leads under fluoroscopic or ultrasound guidance to achieve maximum stimulatory coverage.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>III.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomy of the oblique vein of the left atrium: contribution of microCT analysis of human hearts.","authors":"Anaïs Delgove, Richard Walton, Nestor Pallares-Lupon, Valéry Ozenne, Marion Constantin, Marine Arnaud, Ewen Le Quilliec, Michel Haïssaguerre, Mélèze Hocini, Pierre Jaïs, Nicolas Derval, Thomas Pambrun, Olivier Bernus, Josselin Duchâteau","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03691-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03691-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The oblique vein of the left atrium (OVLA), also known as the vein of Marshall, is an embryonic remnant of interest to cardiac electrophysiologists. The aim of this cadaveric study was to describe the anatomy of the OVLA and its relationship with the left atrial wall using micro-CT.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The OVLA was selectively injected with a baryum-gelatin mixture, then the specimen was bathed in a Lugol's solution and imaged with micro-CT at an isotropic resolution of 42 µm. In addition to qualitative descriptions of the relationship between the vein and the surrounding musculature, quantitative measures of the veins' dimensions were obtained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen hearts were analyzed. The mean length of the OVLA main axis was 36.5 ± 19.4 mm. Analysis of OVLA segmentations showed heterogeneous arborization. The main axis, oblique towards the ridge, was variable in length. It was short in 3 specimens and reached the roof of the atrium in 4 cases. The main branch received short collateral branches localized near the pulmonary veins (N = 5), or long collaterals from the posterior wall (N = 3). Myocardial tissue was consistently found at different level surrounding the vein, separated from the compact endocardium by fatty tissue.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This is the first anatomical study of the oblique vein of the left atrium using micro-CT after selective injection. It enabled very high-resolution analysis of the OVLA and showed heterogeneous lengths and arborizations, up to the roof or posterior wall of the left atrium. The veins colocalizes with non-compact muscular tissue relevant to cardiac electrophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"182"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total colonic supply via the inferior mesenteric artery.","authors":"Anand Dhatt, Leandro Cardarelli-Leite, Ravjot Dhatt, David Dix, Collin Barker, Manraj K S Heran","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03690-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-025-03690-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To present a unique case of vascular supply to the gastrointestinal organs as anatomical variants have variable clinical implications and must be recognized to avoid adverse outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Describe the embryological origin of vascular supply of gastrointestinal organs and present a few variants described in the literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On angiogram, patient was found to have total colonic supply via the inferior mesenteric artery. This is a rare anatomical variant which altered management in this child with massive lower gastrointestinal bleed due to sacral neuroblastoma metastasis and mucormycosis colitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vascular anatomic variants have clinical implications that can alter management.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144718973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Morphometric features, variability and clinical significance of coracoclavicular tuberosity.","authors":"Yalçın Akbulut, Asli Beril Karakas, Burhan Yarar, Mukadder Sunar","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03684-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03684-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cone beam computed tomographic evaluation of temporal crest canal in the Turkish population.","authors":"Oya Törün, Nihat Laçin","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03678-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03678-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The temporal crest, a prominent ridge descending from the coronoid process to the third molar region, defines the medial boundary of the retromolar triangle and plays a pivotal role in evaluating the temporal crest canal (TCC). The TCC, an uncommon variant of the mandibular canal, often originates posterior to the temporal crest and extends anteriorly, conveying the buccal nerve. Using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), clinicians can trace the TCC's path relative to the temporal crest. This relationship is critical in the retromolar triangle, where surgical interventions such as sagittal split ramus osteotomies or block graft harvesting occur.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CBCT images of 1056 patients (2112 sides) consulted to Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery between the years 2020-2024 had been evaluated. Sagittal and axial sections were analyzed to see if there was temporal crest canal and specified the side of it.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data reveals a low but significant presence of TCC in both genders (4.6% in females, 5.1% in males), with a statistically significant association between left and right sides (p = 0.000). Females exhibit a greater tendency for bilateral TCC (45.5% vs. 28.6% in males).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Unrecognized TCCs near the crest convey risk of nerve injury, perioperative hemorrhage or anesthesia failure and highlight the need for precise imaging. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the presence of temporal crest canal in terms of gender, age and sides of mandible.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of three rare arterial variations: accessory posterior cerebral artery supplying parieto-occipital branch, duplicate origin of the middle cerebral artery, and accessory anterior cerebral artery (ACA) arising from X-shaped ACA diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography.","authors":"Akira Uchino, Shunpei Andoh","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03688-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03688-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a case of three rare cerebral arterial variations: (1) accessory posterior cerebral artery (PCA), (2) duplicate origin of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), and (3) accessory anterior cerebral artery (ACA) diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An 80-year-old man with complete right hemiplegia underwent cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MRA using a 3-Tesla scanner. MRA was performed using a standard three-dimensional time-of-flight technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MRI revealed acute infarction of the left frontal lobe. MRA showed occlusion of the anterior branch of the left MCA. Subsequently, transarterial thrombectomy was performed. Six days later, follow-up MRA was performed, and a well-recanalized left MCA was confirmed. In addition, accessory right PCA supplying the parieto-occipital branch of the PCA, duplicate origin of the right MCA, and accessory ACA arising from X-shaped ACA, which is an absent variation of the anterior communicating artery (ACoA), were confirmed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An accessory PCA, which typically supplies the temporal branch of the PCA, usually arises from the ACoA. We diagnosed the first case of a combination of three rare cerebral arterial variations. Careful observation using MRA is important for the detection of rare arterial variations. Volume-rendering MRA images are useful for identifying superimposed arteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144651034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}