Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of artificial intelligence and lecturers' grading in the evaluation of handwritten open-ended anatomy examinations.","authors":"Mert Nahir, Abdulkerim Kasap, Canan Bayraktar Nahir","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03986-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03986-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study evaluated the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots in grading handwritten open-ended anatomy examinations and examined whether providing a standardized answer key improved agreement with lecturers' grading.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Examination papers from 81 s-year dental students were included. The examination comprised 10 open-ended questions, each worth 10 points. Two anatomists graded all papers using a standardized answer key, and the mean of their scores was used as lecturers' grading. Four AI chatbots-ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot, and DeepSeek-graded each paper under two conditions: without an answer key and with an answer key and detailed grading criteria. Agreement with lecturers' grading was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Differences were observed among the nine grading methods (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found between lecturers' grading and ChatGPT scores obtained either without or with the answer key. ChatGPT showed the highest agreement with lecturers' grading after the answer key was provided (ICC = 0.923, 95% CI [0.883, 0.950]), followed by ChatGPT without the answer key (ICC = 0.904, 95% CI [0.855, 0.937]). Gemini and Copilot showed good agreement without the answer key, but agreement decreased when the answer key was provided. DeepSeek demonstrated the lowest agreement under both conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AI chatbot grading performance varied across models. ChatGPT produced scores most closely aligned with lecturers' grading, whereas providing a standardized answer key did not consistently improve performance. AI-assisted grading may support assessment in anatomy education, but human oversight and structured grading criteria remain essential, particularly in high-stakes examinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148867490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the internal architecture of the postnatal human maxilla across the stages of tooth development and eruption.","authors":"Xolisiwe Mhlathi, Candice Small, Erin F Hutchinson","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03980-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03980-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>General growth as well as functional demands that are associated with developmental needs of young individuals are said to contribute to the changes in micro-architecture of maxilla. However, little is known about the nature of these changes on the maxilla, particularly across the different stages of dental development and eruption. Thus, this study aimed to assess variations in micro-architecture of the alveolar region of the human sub-adult and adult maxilla across different stages of dental development and eruption.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study sample included seventy-nine individuals, subdivided into three dentition groups: deciduous dentition (n = 28), mixed dentition (n = 9), and permanent dentition (n = 42). Maxillae were scanned using micro-computed tomography. Seven regions were selected in each dental crypt for evaluation of micro-architecture which included bone volume ratio, bone surface to bone volume ratio, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, and trabecular spacing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The micro-architecture of the maxilla changed from a more porous to a less porous nature, following patterns of remodeling that are due to the general process of bone growth and related functional demands. These changes included an increase in bone volume fraction while bone surface to volume ratio and trabecular number both significantly decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The observed changes reflect the normal growth differences, the state of the dentition, as well as the functional adaptation of the oral cavity.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13525018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148851932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic ultrasound evaluation of median nerve mobility at the wrist: implications for surgical safety.","authors":"Vojtech Kunc, Bruno Jurasek, Matous Kroupa, Michal Benes","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03963-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03963-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the dynamic position of the median nerve (MN) relative to the palmaris longus (PL) and flexor carpi radialis (FCR) tendons at the distal forearm during finger, wrist, and forearm movements, and to assess how the individual range of motion influences MN displacement in positions relevant for anterior wrist surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Both upper limbs of 27 healthy volunteers were examined prospectively using high-frequency ultrasound, yielding 53 limbs for analysis after applying exclusion criteria. Transverse images were obtained at the distal insertion of pronator quadratus in five standardized positions combining neutral, radial, and ulnar wrist deviation; finger flexion/extension; and forearm pronation/supination. The distances from the medial margin of the MN to the medial margin of the PL and from the lateral margin of the MN to the lateral margin of the FCR were measured using image-analysis software. Correlations between the range of motion and MN displacement were analyzed using Pearson correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MN had a mean height of 1.8 ± 0.4 mm and width of 4.7 ± 0.9 mm. The nerve changed position relative to PL and FCR in all tested positions. The medial margin of the MN was found medial to the PL at least once in every wrist position and most frequently during finger flexion. The lateral margin of the MN extended beyond the lateral margin of the FCR only rarely. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between maximum radial deviation and MN displacement toward the lateral border of the FCR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MN demonstrates measurable positional changes at the distal forearm during finger, wrist, and forearm movements. These dynamic shifts reduce the reliability of assuming a constant \"safe\" location between PL and FCR and should be considered when planning volar wrist approaches and performing percutaneous or minimally invasive procedures around the MN.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical implications of distribution-based CT thresholds in congenital cervical stenosis.","authors":"Audai Abudayeh, Iakiv Fishchenko","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03984-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03984-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical relationship between the distal lateral femoral cutaneous nerve and the quadriceps tendon autograft harvest site: a cadaveric study with implications for acl reconstruction surgery.","authors":"Ryan Sorenson, Brett J Norris, Jack Hyler, Sara Sloan","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03975-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03975-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) is a sensory nerve providing cutaneous sensation to the anterolateral thigh. Injury to the LFCN is a known complication of quadriceps tendon (QT) autograft harvest during anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. While the proximal course of the LFCN is well described, its distal anatomy relative to the QT remains poorly defined. This study evaluated the distal course of the LFCN to identify zones of reduced iatrogenic injury during QT harvest.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-nine lower extremity specimens from 17 formalin-embalmed cadavers were dissected to expose the LFCN and define its distal anatomy relative to the QT. Distances from the endpoint to five predefined QT landmarks were measured, and univariate linear regression assessed associations between donor height and LFCN-QT clearance. Group comparisons evaluated differences by height and sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-nine lower extremities (16 female, 13 male) were analyzed. Mean LFCN-QT clearance was smallest at the superior QT border (37.4 ± 34.6 mm) and greatest at the inferior QT border (101.9 ± 46.2 mm). Donor height was positively associated with clearance at all landmarks (all p < 0.05). Female donors demonstrated reduced clearance on unadjusted analysis; however, these differences were no longer significant following adjustment for height.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The LFCN is at greatest risk of injury near the superior QT border, where LFCN-to-QT clearance is lowest. Shorter individuals demonstrated reduced clearance distances overall, suggesting height may be a more relevant predictor of LFCN-QT clearance than sex. These findings support individualized surgical planning during QT autograft harvest to minimize iatrogenic LFCN injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formaldehyde embalming alters biomechanical strain of human cervical spinal dura mater: quantification and implications from paired fresh-frozen and embalmed specimens.","authors":"Han Yang, Si-Yuan Xie, Li-Qing Liao, Hao-Yong Hong, Yi-Ling He, Li Zhou, Chao Zheng, Yi-Kai Li, Shiguo Yuan, Dan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03982-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03982-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to quantify the biomechanical strain of the human cervical spinal dura mater in fresh-frozen versus embalmed (formalin-fixed) states, elucidate the impact of formaldehyde fixation on its mechanical response, and provide evidence-based guidance for specimen selection in spinal biomechanical research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A paired repeated-measures design was employed using 20 fresh cadaveric specimens (10 male, 10 female; 35-40 years). After initial testing in the fresh-frozen state (- 20 °C storage, slow thawing), specimens were fixed in 20% neutral buffered formalin. Standardized head-neck positions (neutral, flexion, extension, right rotation) were applied, and the posterior surface length of the C1-C7 dura mater was measured using a digital caliper. Spinal cord strain (ε) was calculated as (L-L₀)/L₀, where L₀ was the neutral-position length. Statistical analyses included one-way/two-way repeated measures ANOVAs and paired t-tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Embalming significantly reduced the neutral-position dura length (79.90 ± 11.02 mm fresh vs. 63.56 ± 11.09 mm embalmed, p < 0.001) and amplified strain magnitudes: flexion (7.75%→13.13%), extension (- 6.46%→-9.75%), and right rotation (- 1.86%→-2.17%). Paired t-tests confirmed significant increases in absolute strain for flexion (Δ = 5.39%, p < 0.001) and extension (Δ = 3.29%, p <0.001), with no significant change in right rotation (p = 0.172). A two-way ANOVA revealed significant main effects of state (F = 63.87, p < 0.001) and position (F = 726.73, p <0.001), and a strong interaction effect (F = 673.40, p < 0.001), indicating position-dependent embalming artifacts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that formaldehyde embalming significantly alters the biomechanical properties of the human cervical spinal dura mater, increasing tissue stiffness and reducing strain tolerance under load. These findings emphasize the importance of native viscoelasticity in fresh tissue and caution against directly extrapolating biomechanical data from embalmed specimens to living humans. The results provide a critical reference for interpreting existing literature and selecting appropriate specimen models in future spinal biomechanical research.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The iliotibial band revisited: surgical anatomy and imaging-based guidelines for lateral tenodesis in ACL reconstruction.","authors":"Łukasz Olewnik, Ingrid C Landfald, Robert F LaPrade, Daniel Casanova, Michał Podgórski, Bartosz Gonera","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03956-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03956-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To provide an updated, clinically oriented review of the iliotibial band (ITB), emphasizing its surgical anatomy, biomechanical relevance, imaging correlates, and role in knee ligament reconstruction, with a focus on lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) augmentation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A structured narrative review was conducted, summarizing anatomical, biomechanical, radiological, clinical, and surgical literature. Key elements included gross and histological anatomy of the ITB, its relationship with Kaplan fibers and anterolateral capsulo-fascial structures, imaging assessment using MRI and ultrasound, and evidence supporting ITB-based procedures in selected ACL reconstruction settings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ITB functions as both a passive and dynamic stabilizer of the lateral knee and contributes to control of internal tibial rotation, particularly in ACL-deficient or high-risk knees. Its deep capsulo-osseous component, including the Kaplan fibers, forms part of the broader anterolateral restraint system. MRI and ultrasound may support anatomical correlation and evaluation of associated lesions, but imaging findings should be interpreted as complementary to clinical assessment rather than as independent determinants of LET indication. In selected high-risk populations, including young pivoting-sport athletes, revision ACL patients, and patients with generalized laxity, ITB-based LET has been associated with improved rotatory control and reduced graft failure risk when appropriate tensioning principles are respected.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ITB is a clinically relevant anatomical and biomechanical structure in contemporary ACL reconstruction. Its layered architecture and relationship with Kaplan fibers help explain the rationale for selective LET augmentation. Current evidence supports ITB-based LET as an adjunct in appropriately risk-stratified patients, while imaging should be viewed as supportive for anatomical correlation and associated pathology rather than as a stand-alone basis for surgical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>V (Narrative review).</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undivided tibialis anterior tendon with simultaneous insertion into the medial cuneiform and the base of the first metatarsal: a previously unclassified variant.","authors":"Yunil Choe, Kwang-Rak Park, Sabeom Park, Digud Kim, Hyung-Wook Kwon, Yu-Jin Choi, Jeonghyun Park, Jaeho Cho","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03981-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03981-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The tibialis anterior tendon (TAT) typically divides into two slips inserting onto the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal. This report describes an unusual undivided TAT inserting simultaneously onto both bones.</p><p><strong>Description: </strong>During dissection of a 74-year-old Korean female cadaver, an undivided TAT was observed crossing the first tarsometatarsal joint and attaching to both the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal. The total attachment width was 18.9 mm, with 8.68 mm (45.9%) on the medial cuneiform and 10.22 mm (54.1%) on the first metatarsal. The contralateral side showed the typical bifurcated pattern.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>To the best of our knowledge, this morphology has not been incorporated into existing TAT classification systems and may be considered an additional category. Its broad attachment across the first tarsometatarsal region may have biomechanical and surgical relevance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case expands the known spectrum of TAT insertional morphology and highlights the importance of recognizing anatomical variation in the medial midfoot.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraluminal morphometric analysis of abdominal aortic branches: spatial landmarks for interventional radiology and colorectal surgery.","authors":"Hurriyet Cetinok","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03978-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03978-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Precise knowledge of the spatial relationships of abdominal aortic branches is essential for safe colorectal surgery and interventional radiologic (IR) procedures. While most studies describe these vessels from an external or imaging perspective, intraluminal morphometric data relevant to catheter-based navigation remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the positional relationships and morphometry of major abdominal aortic branches from an intravascular perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Intravascular dissections were performed in 19 formalin-embalmed cadavers (12 males, 7 females; age range 50-96 years) after exclusion of one specimen with para-aortic pathology. Morphometric parameters of the celiac trunk (CT), superior mesenteric artery (SMA), inferior mesenteric artery (IMA), and left renal artery (LtRA) were measured relative to the aortic bifurcation (BA). Longitudinal, linear, and transverse distances, vessel diameters, and branching angles were obtained using calibrated instruments and analyzed statistically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The longitudinal distance between the CT and SMA was 19.48 ± 4.41 mm. The angle between the transverse aortic axis and the SMA-IMA trajectory was 89.03 ± 3.59°, demonstrating relative angular consistency. A strong positive correlation was identified between LtRA-CT and LtRA-SMA longitudinal distances (r = 0.846, p = 0.001). While the CT-SMA relationship was relatively stable, the SMA-IMA interval exhibited greater variability (p = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This morphometric study of the lumen provides quantitative spatial data of the major abdominal aortic branches. These findings suggest that the LtRA is a reliable intraluminal landmark and provide further evidence for stable angular relationships between mesenteric vessels. These findings might be helpful for vascular navigation, but their clinical use requires further validation in prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"Anatomical basis of the neurotization of the brachialis muscle to the extensor carpi radialis muscles to restore an active extension of the tetraplegic wrist\".","authors":"Meghna Guha, Anudeep Kaur, Vilhoubeinuo Veronica Khruomo","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03976-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03976-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Restoring wrist extension in patients with tetraplegia is a critical surgical objective, as it enables tenodesis and facilitates independent grasping. Ollivier et al. recently presented an anatomical study evaluating the feasibility of neurotization of the brachialis muscle nerve to branches of the extensor carpi radialis muscles for this purpose. Their findings confirm that the transfer is anatomically feasible but typically requires an interposed nerve graft, with average graft lengths of approximately 83 mm for the extensor carpi radialis longus and 121.5 mm for the extensor carpi radialis brevis. This commentary discusses several important considerations arising from these findings, including the potential impact of long nerve grafts on axonal regeneration and functional recovery, the significance of variable radial nerve branching patterns on individualized surgical planning, and the need to preserve brachioradialis function. The relative merits of nerve transfer versus established tendon transfer techniques are also examined. While the anatomical evidence supports the feasibility of this neurotization approach, prospective clinical trials are necessary to evaluate functional outcomes, strength recovery, and patient quality of life before this technique can be recommended for routine clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}