Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"Fiber anatomy and histological characteristics of the innervation of the triangular fibrocartilage complex.","authors":"Tonglong Xu, Xiaoyun Pan, Jingyi Mi","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03443-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03443-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the precise origin of sensory nerves through gross anatomical study of the TFCC, synthesized alongside imaging and histological techniques.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Six cadaveric forearm specimens were obtained to map the course and branches of the ulnar nerve through macrodissection. Immunohistochemical staining targeting PGP 9.5 and type IV collagen was performed on frozen TFCC sections to visualize nerve fibers microscopically. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and arthrography findings were also reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the macroscopic level, the articular branches supplying the TFCC originated predominantly from the dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve. Microscopic analysis revealed positive PGP 9.5 expression and discernible neural marker expression, signifying fine nerve fiber ingrowth within the TFCC. Imaging modalities aided the diagnosis of TFCC lesions. The dorsal cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve, medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm, and volar sensory branch of the ulnar nerve emerged as the principal nerves innervating the TFCC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides anatomical evidence that the TFCC receives innervation from branches of the ulnar nerve and contains sensory nerve fibers. These findings enhance understanding of potential neuropathic pain mechanisms in TFCC injuries and offer insights to guide surgical interventions. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the clinical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":"2093-2101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-CT study of human laryngeal structures using phosphotungstic agent staining.","authors":"Kyu-Ho Yi, Hyung-Jin Lee, Ji-Hyun Lee","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03489-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03489-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Traditional dissection methods are primarily limited by challenges in identifying minute structures, which can lead to irreversible tissue damage. Anatomical observation of the larynx is particularly challenging in educational and clinical settings owing to its microscopic structures and complex three-dimensional (3D) nature, making it difficult to dissect. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate that micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging of the larynx can serve as an effective alternative for educational and clinical purposes, overcoming these limitations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three laryngeal specimens were obtained from cadavers, stained with a phosphotungstic acid-based contrast agent, and imaged using enhanced micro-CT. The resulting images were reconstructed in three dimensions, allowing for a detailed 3D observation of the specimens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phosphotungstic contrast-enhanced micro-CT provided comprehensive anatomical information on laryngeal structures, including muscles, nerves, arteries, and vocal folds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates the high effectiveness of micro-CT in producing detailed structural images of the larynx, enabling 3D observation of even the smallest anatomical structures. These images can be applied in both educational and clinical settings to analyze the human larynx, effectively overcoming the limitations of traditional dissection methods. This approach facilitates the analysis of laryngeal structures that are otherwise difficult to observe with the naked eye.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":"1929-1935"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical analysis of the abdominal aorta in a South African sample: influence of age and sex.","authors":"Pheladi Mokoena, Robyn Lunn-Collier, Lee-Roy Witbooi, Karin Baatjes, Kerri Keet","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03502-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03502-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The anatomy of the abdominal aorta (AA) varies with age and sex; however, limited studies exist from South Africa. Given the increased incidence of endovascular treatment of the AA, reference values are relevant for interventionalists for improving the safety of endovascular procedures. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the lengths, diameters and tortuosity of the AA and their association with age and sex in a South African sample.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After ethical approval, 97 computed tomography angiography (CTA) scans from an adult sample (54 male and 43 female), mean age 48.5 ± 17.2 years were analysed. The aortic length was measured from the origin of the coeliac trunk to the bifurcation point of the AA. The lumen diameters of the aorta were measured at three landmarks. Tortuosity of the AA was quantified with the tortuosity index and its prevalence was determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The AA was longer in males and showed a significant weak positive correlation with age. The mean diameters of the AA were larger in males and had a significant strong positive correlation with age in both sexes (p < .001). There was a strong positive correlation between age and tortuosity in both sexes (p < .001). The prevalence of a tortuous c-shaped-curve phenotype was 8.2%, with a 7:1 male-to-female ratio.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The dimensions and tortuosity differed between sexes and varied significantly with age. These findings may contribute towards reference values in the South African setting, inform patient selection and complement decision-making of endovascular treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":"2049-2055"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and characteristics of lumbar ribs: a meta-analysis with anatomical and clinical considerations.","authors":"Maksymilian Osiowski, Aleksander Osiowski, Maciej Preinl, Kacper Stolarz, Tomasz Klepinowski, Barbara Jasiewicz, Dominik Taterra","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03504-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03504-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lumbar ribs (LR) are a rare and relatively unknown anatomical abnormality of the lumbar spine. The literature provides better understanding regarding other spinal congenital variations like cervical ribs or lumbosacral transitional vertebrae, which are rather commonly recognised conditions. Thus, this meta-analysis aimed to provide data on prevalence and key characteristics of LR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Relevant databases were systematically searched for studies reporting the prevalence, laterality and geographic distribution of LR. No exclusion criteria based on language and date of original articles were employed. The pooled prevalence estimates (PPE) were calculated using a random-effects model. To assess the between-study heterogeneity, the I² statistic and Chi-square test were utilized. Throughout the investigation, the PRISMA guidelines were adhered to scrupulously. Evaluation of the included studies' reliability was made with the AQUA tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 9 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence estimate (PPE) of LR was 2.1% (95%CI: 1.0-4.6). In studies based on CT imaging, LR were found in 1.6% (95%CI: 0.6-4.3) of patients and in Xray based studies in 2.1% (95%CI: 0.4-11.1) of patients. Lumbar ribs were bilateral in majority of individuals (65.4%, 95%CI: 39.4-84.6) and could be most frequently encountered in Europe with PPE of 2.8% (95%CI: 3.0-20.0), then in East Asia with PPE of 1.5% (95%CI: 1.0-19.2) and Middle East with PPE of 1.1% (95%CI: 0.6-20.0).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of our study indicate that LR are a common anatomical variation of lumbar spine, contrary to previous beliefs. In a clinical practice, when a patient presents with a non-specific low back pain, a possible occurrence of LR should be taken into consideration. The presence of LR may be misleading for surgeons and result in wrong-level spine surgeries.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":"2057-2066"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological variations of fissures, lobes, and hilar pattern of the lung in a select South African sample.","authors":"Refilwe Seleka, Megan Petersen, Kentse Sana Mpolokeng","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03497-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03497-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The lungs are essential respiratory organs divided into lobes by the horizontal and oblique fissures. The hilum, located on the mediastinal surface of each lung, is where the bronchus, pulmonary veins, and pulmonary arteries enter and exit. This study aims to investigate and record the variations in the morphology of lung fissures, lobes, and hilar patterns observed in a South African sample.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>This cross-sectional observational study employed descriptive analysis. A total of 48 formalin-fixed bodies, comprising 24 females and 24 males from the Department of Human Biology at the University of Cape Town were studied were examined. Fissures were classified according to the Craig and Walker criteria.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Incomplete oblique fissures were found in 25 right lungs and 30 left lungs. Incomplete horizontal fissures were observed in 39 right lungs, and one right lung exhibited the absence of both horizontal and oblique fissures. Accessory fissures were present in five right and seven left lungs. Variations in the hilar pattern were noted, including differences in the number and arrangement of structures in both right and left lungs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Variations were observed in the lobes, fissures and the hilar patterns of several lungs. Awareness of these morphological variations is crucial for surgeons and radiologist to avoid misdiagnosis and complications during surgical procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":"2005-2017"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142401754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral absence of the common femoral artery with high-origin and superficial course of the deep femoral artery: a rare case report.","authors":"Anjali Singal, Anju Choudhary, Priti Chaudhary, Sushil Monga","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03486-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03486-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The common femoral artery is a chief source of blood supply to the lower limb. Variations in its anatomy, like its absence, high level commencement of the deep femoral artery (DFA) with a superficial course, are unusual. The knowledge of such variations may have substantial clinical applications, specifically in vascular surgical procedures, catheterizations, and diagnostic or interventional radiology.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>During femoral triangle dissection of a 78-years female cadaver, absence of common femoral artery, commencement of DFA at the inguinal ligament level, following a superficial path contrary to its name was observed bilaterally. The exterior diameter of superficial and DFA were 5 mm, 4 mm and 6 mm, 4 mm respectively on the right and left side.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Awareness of such variations is essential for interventional radiologists, vascular, orthopaedic, plastic & reconstructive surgeons to plan and execute interventional and surgical procedures effectively and for Anatomist for successful embalming.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":"2075-2078"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radioanatomical evaluation of the subtympanic sinus in children under five years old and its clinical implications - high resolution computed tomography study.","authors":"Tomasz Wojciechowski, Stanisław Szeliga, Tymon Skadorwa","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03508-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03508-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate subtympanic sinus (STS) and its vicinity in high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans of children under five years old with non-diseased temporal bones.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>We divided the whole group into children under 24 months of age (first stage of pneumatisation development) and between 25 and 60 (second stage). We have determined the width of the entrance to STS, depth of the STS, type in relation to facial nerve according to Anschuetz classification, the pneumatisation of posterior and medial air cell tracts, and jugular bulb position. All the HRCTs (280 temporal bones) were analyzed according to the multiplanar reconstruction protocol with symmetrization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>STS's mean width and depth were 2.71 ± 0.60 mm and 3.26 ± 1.11 mm, respectively. The most common STS type was type A (59.3%), followed by type B (30.7%) and type C (10%). The posterior air cell tract (retrofacial cells) was present in 39.3%. The medial air cell tract (hypotympanic cells) was present in 30.7% The jugular bulb position affected the final shape of STS in 17.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results support the necessity of the classification for the STS. Our study may help with surgical planning regarding endoscopic ear procedures and gives a broader understanding of how pneumatization or jugular bulb might correlate with the final shape of the retrotympanum. The historical remarks track the term's origin for clarity in research and respect for earlier investigators.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":"1965-1975"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-dependent changes in the hyoid bone morphology in children.","authors":"Burhan Beger, Abdulaziz Yalınkılıç, Mehmet Zeki Erdem, Zülküf Akdemir, Orhan Beger","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03503-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03503-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This radiologic work aimed to display the alteration in the hyoid bone (HB) morphology in the pediatric population with advancing age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This pediatric examination consisted of computed tomography images of 129 subjects (49 males / 80 females) aged 1-17 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The anterior-posterior length of HB, the lengths of right and left greater horns, the width and height of HB's body, and the distance between the midpoints of the posterior ends of the greater horns increased with advancing age (p < 0.001), but the angle of the right and left greater horns (p = 0.022) decreased. Four configurations regarding HB shape were observed: Type A (U-shaped HB) in 8.5% (11 HBs) out of 129 children, Type B (B-shaped HB) in 33.3% (43 HBs), Type C (D-shaped HB) in 45% (58 HBs), and Type D (V-shaped HB) in 13.2% (17 HBs). HB shape types correlated with the pediatric age (p < 0.001), but not gender (p = 0.153).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most of the parameters increased until the postpubescent period, but the angle of the right and left greater horns decreased after the late childhood. Our linear functions representing the growth pattern of HB in children may be useful to estimate HB size.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":"1983-1991"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical mapping of the 4th intercostal nerve's lateral cutaneous branch in both sexes: implications for advanced breast Reconstruction.","authors":"Alexander Gardetto, Romed Hörmann, Katharina Pfitscher, Marko Konschake, Hannes Stofferin","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03507-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03507-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to map the point of emergence of the lateral cutaneous branch of the fourth intercostal nerve in both sexes, addressing gaps in the current literature. The findings are intended to support surgeons in restoring breast function by providing precise anatomical data, regardless of the specific surgical technique employed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anatomical study was conducted using 50 sides from 25 formalin-preserved full-body donors, with equal representation of male and female subjects. Measurements were taken to determine the fascial point of emergence of the lateral cutaneous branch of the fourth intercostal nerve relative to the anterior axillary line and the transverse line. Multiple linear regression models were applied to evaluate the influence of variables such as sex, height, and side.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings indicate that the fascial point of emergence of the lateral cutaneous branch of the fourth intercostal nerve is consistently located within 20 to 24 mm relative to the transverse line in 37 (74%) cases, and within 4 to 10 mm relative to the anterior axillary line in 39 (78%) cases, regardless of sex, height, or side. The multiple linear regression analysis showed no significant correlation between these variables and the position of the point of emergence (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results provide surgeons with a practical tool for nerve coaptation during breast reconstruction, showing that sex and height do not affect the anatomical localization of the point of emergence. Precise knowledge of this point can improve surgical accuracy and enhance sensory recovery, leading to better patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":"2019-2026"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transverse and oblique course of the vertebral artery over the medullospinal junction.","authors":"Ana-Maria Davidoiu, Mugurel Constantin Rusu, Corneliu Toader, Petrinel Mugurel Rădoi","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03498-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03498-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The vertebral artery (VA) pierces the dura mater and continues with the intradural V4 segment. Once entered into the dura mater, the VA ascends from the infero-lateral to the antero-superior side of the medulla. Scarce reports of VAs compressing the medullospinal junction (MSJ) are available. We therefore aimed to determine the incidence of a course of the AV over the MSJ.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>One hundred sixty-two archived CT angiogram files were documented in the study. We recorded the cases in which the VA crossed the MSJ. We assessed the VA as dominant, non-dominant or co-dominant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 32 cases (19.75%), we identified intradural AVs on the ventral side of the MSJs. The incidence of this course of the VA was 17.1% in males and 23.81% in females. Of the 32 cases, the VA was non-dominant in 6, dominant in 14, and co-dominant in 12.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The VA course over the MSJ is not rare. Therefore, when specific neurological signs of MSJ or medulla compression are found, the course of the VA should be documented on CT or MRI angiograms.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":"1949-1953"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}