Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"The microsurgical anatomy of the paracentral lobule artery: a cadaveric series.","authors":"Georgios Georgountzos, George Triantafyllou, Georgios Mavrovounis, Maria Piagkou, George Stranjalis, Theodosis Kalamatianos","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03532-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-024-03532-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The paracentral lobule artery (PLA) is a typically present branch of the distal anterior cerebral artery (ACA), irrigating the homonymous lobule. The PLA origin is either a pericallosal portion of the ACA or a prominent branch of the ACA termed callosomarginal (CMA). In addition to the paracentral lobule, the PLA irrigates the cingulate gyrus in the medial hemispheric surface, and the superior portion of the precentral and postcentral gyri in the lateral hemispheric surface. The present cadaveric case series aimed at establishing previously unreported morphometric estimates of the PLA, including its length according to its site of origin, its supplying branches according to its distribution area, as well as its anastomoses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventeen colored latex-injected cadaveric heads were studied with a surgical microscope and microsurgical instruments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PLA was invariably present and most commonly originated from the A4 (n = 15 hemispheres, 50%) segment of the ACA. Other PLA origins were the CMA (n = 10, 30%), the A3 (n = 5, 16.7%) and the A5 (n = 1, 3.3%) segments. When the PLA originated from the A4, its mean (SD) overall length was 7.6 (17.9) mm and its mean (SD) diameter was 0.88 (0.26) mm. The PLA supplied the paracentral lobule, cingulate gyrus and post central gyrus with a mean (SD) of 28.07 (13.4), 8.53 (4.27), 5.92 (4.4) branches respectively and the precentral gyrus with a median [IQR] of 2 [0-6] branches. The most common anastomoses of the PLA in the medial and the lateral hemispheric surface involved the ipsilateral posterior internal frontal artery and the branches of the middle cerebral artery, respectively. There were no significant differences between sexes or hemispheric sides for the anatomical features of the artery analyzed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study established previously unreported morphometric estimates for the PLA by considering all possible PLA variant origins and morphological variants. Given that variable pathologies have been previously detected in the areas supplied by the PLA, a better understanding of its anatomy can aid surgical planning and approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiological anatomical measurements of the superficial temporal artery: an interobserver reproducibility study.","authors":"Brieg Dissaux, Alexis Robert, Marie Duigou, Christian Lefèvre, Julien Ognard, Romuald Seizeur","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03520-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-024-03520-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Numerous studies have already reported on the anatomy of the superficial temporal artery (STA) on dissection or imaging, and more specifically on CT angiography. However, few studies have reported on the possible variations that exist between readers in the assessment of certain anatomical parameters. The aim of this study was to investigate the reproducibility of different anatomical measurements of the superficial temporal artery with CT angiography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty cranial iodine contrast-enhanced CT scans were searched in a retrospective monocentric study. Various anatomical categorical and quantitative measurements (more or less automatic) of the superficial temporal artery were assessed. To evaluate the inter-observer reproducibility of various anatomical measurements of the superficial temporal artery obtained through CT angiography, descriptive statistics, kappa statistics and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty STAs were analyzed independently by two readers. The kappa coefficient for determining the mode of STA termination was substantial (kappa = 0.782). The number of loops was mean 0.22 vs. 0.25 (p = 0.981; ICC = 0.701) and the number of kinks was mean 5.68vs5.64 (p = 0.876; ICC = 0.860). No significant difference was found between readers for the determination of the distance of the STA termination to different superficial landmark lines. No significant difference in the orientation angles of the STA and the frontal and parietal branches was found. Semi-automatic measurements of the length of the STA appeared (ICC > 0.7) reproducible whereas semi-automatic measurements (surface, perimeter, short diameter, large diameter) appeared statistically less reproducible (ICC < 0.5). These results must also be interpreted in the light of the spatial resolutions inherent in the CT angiography technique.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study provides information concerning the reproducibility of certain anatomical measurements of the superficial temporal artery in CT angiography.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical and histological classification of the stellate ganglion: implications for clinical nerve blocks.","authors":"Rarinthorn Samrid, Mona King, Jacie Pujol, Miguel Angel Reina, Joe Iwanaga, R Shane Tubbs","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03533-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03533-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The stellate ganglion (SG), or cervicothoracic ganglion, is usually located anterior to the neck of the first rib. Various techniques, such as ultrasonographic imaging and fluoroscopic approaches, are used to assist in the anesthetic blockade of the SG. However, there are reported complications associated with SG block; some patients had medication-related or systemic side effects, and some had procedure-related or local side effects. So, understanding the anatomy of the SG is critical for diagnosis and treatment of nerve block accuracy and to avoid unnecessary nerve damage during surgical procedures. This study aimed to collect data for the gross shape of the SG and histologically investigate these different types.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The SG from 31 formalin-fixed adult cadavers (59 sides) were studied. The prevalence and shape of the SG were recorded and photographed. Next, the SG for each type was examined histologically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SG were classified into four types based on their shape: dumbbell, spindle, star, and inverted L shapes. The frequency of each type was as follows: spindle (47.46%), dumbbell (27.12%), star (23.73%), and L-inverted shapes (1.69%). Each type had a similar number of nerve cell bodies. Interestingly, the inverted-L shaped SG was histologically, discontinuous but grossly fused.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An improved understanding of the SG's macro and microanatomy can help better understand patient presentations and improve clinical and surgical results in procedures performed near this important neck structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11634916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and efficiency of ChatGPT 3.5 and 4.0 as a tool for scalenovertebral triangle anatomy education.","authors":"Anjali Singal, Swati Goyal","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03513-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-024-03513-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>As the popularity and the usage of the artificial intelligence (AI) tools is increasing in medical education, it is important to critically evaluate these resources and confirm their reliability. The current study proposes to assess the reliability and effectiveness of ChatGPT 3.5 and 4 for gross anatomical information on scalenovertebral triangle.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ChatGPT versions 3.5 and 4 AI tools were used to explore the anatomical information on scalenovertebral triangle eight times on different days. The responses were qualitatively compared to the actual anatomy of the region and comments were made by the authors for each response.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The replies given by ChatGPT were not appropriate (either incorrect, partially correct or incomplete) in any of the conversations. There was no major difference between the accuracy of responses, while comparing ChatGPT 3.5 and 4. Almost three out of four times, ChatGPT confused scalenovertebral triangle with scalene or interscalene triangle.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>None of the responses provided by ChatGPT 3.5 and 4 across all eight instances aligned even once with the standard anatomical description of the scalenovertebral triangle. A novice medical student may not be able to judge the difference between correct and incorrect, consequently may wrongly interpret the anatomy. So cautious planning and educator check is important while it is used. Further development and modifications of this AI tool are required to increase its potential to be used in medical education and healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maxillofacial trunk identified by three-dimensional computed tomography angiography.","authors":"Toshinori Iwai, Satomi Sugiyama, Toshiyuki Koizumi, Kenji Mitsudo","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03527-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03527-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The branches of the external carotid artery can show variation, and common trunks are occasionally found. Because the common trunks such as the thyrolingual, linguofacial, and thyrolinguofacial trunks are formed from two or all of the superior thyroid artery, lingual artery, and facial arteries, maxillofacial trunks are extremely rare. We report a rare case with the maxillofacial and thyrolingual trunks identified by three-dimensional computed tomography angiography.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrostyloid and retromandibular courses of the external carotid artery.","authors":"Nektaria Karangeli, George Triantafyllou, Fabrice Duparc, Katerina Vassiou, Marianna Vlychou, George Tsakotos, Maria Piagkou","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03546-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-024-03546-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The external carotid artery (ECA) branching pattern has been extensively studied in the current literature. However, its topographical variability has been barely reported. The aim of the current study was to assess the ECA in relationship with the styloid process (SP) and the mandible.</p><p><strong>Materials: </strong>100 computed tomography angiograms were randomly selected and retrospectively investigated on the neck region for the ECA course in relation to the SP and the mandible.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A retrostyloid course of the ECA was identified on 18 sides (9%). Six patients had a bilateral retrostyloid ECA, and six patients had a unilateral variant. The side and sexes did not affect the prevalence of this variant. The elongated SP or variable ossification of the stylohyoid chain did not affect the retrostyloid course. The ECA retromandibular course of type 1 (straight course deep to the ramus of the mandible) was identified in 30.5%, type 2 (lateral retromandibular loop) in 20%, and type 3 (lateral retromandibular loop behind the ramus of the mandible) in 45.5%. The side and sexes did not affect the prevalence of this variant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study enhances the current knowledge on the ECA topography. Both variants investigated in the current study, displace the ECA into the parapharyngeal space. Knowledge of these anatomic variations are of importance preoperatively to avoid iatrogenic injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical and histological analyses of ankle plantar flexors: insights into connective tissue composition and muscle architecture.","authors":"In-Seung Yeo, Miri Kim, Hyung-Jin Lee","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03523-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03523-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The tibialis posterior (TP), flexor digitorum longus (FDL), and flexor hallucis longus (FHL) are muscles that contribute to the stability of foot and ankle movements, playing a crucial role in achieving optimal gait. However, a comprehensive examination of the anatomical characteristics and histological variances of each muscle has not been conclusively established.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 10 un-embalmed cadavers were dissected, and muscles from each cadaver were consistently harvested from the musculotendon junction. The ratio of collagen and elastic fibers was assessed through three immunohistological analyses, focusing on distinct histological characteristics in type I (slow twitch) and type II (fast twitch) fibers. Additionally, Ultrasonography was utilized to compare and analyze the thickness, fascicle angle, and muscle fiber length of each muscle.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Concerning the relative proportion of elastic fibers to collagen, the TP exhibited the highest collagen content (21.9 ± 0.30%, mean ± standard deviation), while the FHL had the highest elastic fiber proportion (48.4 ± 0.44%). The TP predominantly comprised slow type muscle fibers (36.88 ± 0.83%), whereas the FHL contained a higher density of fast type muscle fibers (32.46 ± 4.02%). US analysis indicated that the thickness of the TP was relatively greater (2.0 ± 0.2 mm) compared to the FDL (1.2 ± 0.1 mm) and FHL (1.1 ± 0.1 mm). Additionally, the fascicle length was notably longer in the TP (25.6 ± 4.1 mm).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our anatomical and histological findings indicate that the tibialis posterior (TP) is the thickest with a significant physiological angle and a high collagen content. This characteristic enables the TP to provide stability by transmitting a constant force to the calf. On the other hand, the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) exhibits the highest elastic fiber content, confirming its ability to exert instantaneous, swift, and powerful force.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The morphology of the lumbar vertebrae: a systematic review with meta-analysis of 1481 individuals with implications for spine surgery.","authors":"Michał Bonczar, Jan Koszewski, Wiktor Czarnota, Martyna Dziedzic, Patryk Ostrowski, Kamil Możdżeń, Agnieszka Murawska, Paweł Hajdyła, Andrzej Walocha, Ewa Walocha, Jerzy Walocha, Mateusz Koziej","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03509-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03509-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of the present meta-analysis was to provide the most up-to-date and evidence-based results regarding the morphometric properties of the lumbar vertebrae.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library were searched through.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of this meta-analysis were established based on a total of 1481 patients. New results were established in 27 categories for each lumbar vertebra separately. The findings from this study reveal that the width of the spinal canal progressively increases towards the lower end of the lumbar spine (L1 = 22.04 mm, L5 = 26.46 mm). Additionally, the transverse processes exhibit a similar trend, widening as they approach the lower lumbar vertebrae (L1 = 68.08 mm, L5 = 85.91 mm). The pedicle height decreased from L1 to L4, with an increase observed at L5 (14.73 mm). No significant differences were observed between the measurements of the left and right pedicles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presented results provide physicians with normative morphometric data on the lumbar vertebrae. Having adequate knowledge of the anatomy of the lumbar vertebrae may be of immense use for surgeons performing various spinal surgeries, such as pedicle screw fixation, percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy, or lumbar disc replacement.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11624215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Anatomical variants of the medial synovial fold of the posterior cruciate ligament: morphological classification based on magnetic resonance imaging of the knee.","authors":"Ali Er, Mustafa Bozdag, Can Doruk Basa, Ismail Eralp Kacmaz, Vadym Zhamilov, Ozge Coskun, Oguzhan Ekizoglu","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03537-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-024-03537-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communicating artery between posterior circumflex humeral artery and deep brachial artery: case report, literature review and clinical implications.","authors":"Pablo Martínez-Collado, Joaquim Casañas-Sintes, Guillermo José Tarnawski-Español, Manuel Llusá, Maria Rosa Morro-Martí","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03519-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03519-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Knowledge of a large communication between posterior circumflex humeral and deep brachial arteries, although infrequent, it is important to avoid damage during a Leechavengvongs procedure or used as recipient artery in free flaps for upper limb reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A dissection of a latex-injected cadaver revealed the presence of a large communication between the posterior circumflex humeral and deep brachial arteries. Furthermore, this communicating artery was observed during a Leechavengvongs procedure. A comprehensive review of the existing literature on the anatomical variations of the posterior circumflex humeral and deep brachial arteries was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A communicating artery between the posterior circumflex humeral and deep brachial arteries was identified during a routine dissection. This communicating artery establishes a posterior collateral pathway of substantial caliber between the axillary and the brachial arteries. Given its oblique trajectory posteriorly along the humeral shaft, this artery is susceptible to injury during a posterior approach to the humerus. Despite the existence of numerous anatomical variations involving the posterior circumflex humeral and deep brachial arteries, this communicating artery has not been previously described in the literature. Additionally, we report this anatomical variation crossing the surgical field during a Leechavengvongs procedure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that a large communicating artery between the posterior circumflex humeral artery and the deep brachial artery has the potential to cross the surgical field and become a source of risk during a posterior approach to the arm. It can also be used as recipient artery in free flaps for upper limb reconstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}