Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy最新文献_第9页

Unilateral double fenestration of the same posterior cerebral artery at P1 segment: first cadaveric case report and literature review. P1 节段同一大脑后动脉的单侧双瘘管：首例尸体病例报告和文献综述。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-024-03495-7

Felipe Marín-Navas, Maria Paula Ardila-Martínez, Maria Isabel Ocampo-Navia, Diego Armando Devia, Roberto Carlos Diaz-Orduz, Pablo Harker, Miguel Enrique Berbeo-Calderón

{"title":"Unilateral double fenestration of the same posterior cerebral artery at P1 segment: first cadaveric case report and literature review.","authors":"Felipe Marín-Navas, Maria Paula Ardila-Martínez, Maria Isabel Ocampo-Navia, Diego Armando Devia, Roberto Carlos Diaz-Orduz, Pablo Harker, Miguel Enrique Berbeo-Calderón","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03495-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03495-7","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Arterial fenestration involves an artery emerging from the same embryological origin, with its lumen divided into two channels that subsequently rejoin. This kind of vascular variant has consequences, such as focal defects in the histologic layers of the arteries, hemodynamic stress, and challenges for endovascular procedures in the management of vascular pathologies. The main objective of this work is to present a rare vascular variant, a double fenestration of the same P1 segment of a cadaveric specimen, and a literature review of these kind of vascular variants.Methods: A cadaveric study was performed in which 20 central nervous system specimens, from patients without neurological pathology obtained as a donation from the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, were dissected for educational and research purposes.Results: In one specimen it was found a double fenestration of the right P1 segment, associated with a single fenestration of the right superior cerebellar artery. Few cases of posterior circulation fenestration, beyond the vertebrobasilar trunk are reported in the literature, with limited understanding of the potential hemodynamic consequences thereof. In all the literature available, only eight cadaveric cases of P1 segment fenestration are documented, often linked with other central nervous system vascular abnormalities such as aneurysms or duplications.Conclusions: There is a single report of unilateral double P1 segment fenestration in a living patient. To our knowledge, this is the second case reported in the literature on this specific anatomical anomaly, and the first such report in a cadaver.","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":"1959-1963"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cadaveric study on the arterial blood supply to the middle third nasal skin: implications for aesthetic and reconstructive surgery. 关于中三分之一鼻腔皮肤动脉供血的尸体研究：对美容和整形手术的影响。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-024-03481-z

Grégoire D'Andréa, Gilles Poissonnet, Olivier Camuzard, Nicolas Bronsard, Patrick Baqué

{"title":"Cadaveric study on the arterial blood supply to the middle third nasal skin: implications for aesthetic and reconstructive surgery.","authors":"Grégoire D'Andréa, Gilles Poissonnet, Olivier Camuzard, Nicolas Bronsard, Patrick Baqué","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03481-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03481-z","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To provide a detailed examination of the arterial blood supply to the middle third of the nasal skin through cadaveric dissections, identifying the primary arterial sources and their precise locations.Methods: Cadaveric dissections were performed on 14 hemifaces from fresh specimens. The main feeding arteries and their branches were carefully dissected under magnification. Morphometric characteristics of the specimens, along with the caliber of the arteries and their branches vascularizing the mid-third nasal skin were recorded, and statistically analyzed.Results: Four main arteries were identified as responsible for the blood supply to the mid-third of the nasal skin: the facial artery, the nasal branch of the infra-orbital artery (nbIOA), the dorsal nasal artery, and the upper branches of the columellar plexus. The lateral nasal artery (LNA) and the nbIOA were the main contributors, each providing significantly larger arterial branches than the other sources (1.8 ± 0.8 branches of 0.67 ± 0.2 mm for the LNA, p-value < 0.001-1 ± 0 branches of 0.55 ± 0.17 mm for the nbIOA, p-value < 0.01). The largest arterial branch consistently penetrated the lateral and inferior angle of the mid-third nasal skin, originated either from the LNA or nbIOA.Conclusion: The LNA and nbIOA endorse crucial roles in the arterial blood supply to the mid-third nasal skin. Despite the variability in vascular anatomy, a consistent pattern of arterial supply with convergence in the depth of the alarfacial groove was observed. Understanding these patterns is vital for improving surgical precision and reducing the risk of complications in both aesthetic and reconstructive surgeries.","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":"1905-1915"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intramuscular neural distribution of the vastus medialis for botulinum neurotoxin injection: application to spasticity. 注射肉毒杆菌神经毒素的内阔肌肌内神经分布：应用于痉挛。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-024-03482-y

Kyu-Ho Yi, Hyewon Hu, Sung-Oh Hwang, Haeryun Ahn, Ji-Hyun Lee, Hyung-Jin Lee

{"title":"Intramuscular neural distribution of the vastus medialis for botulinum neurotoxin injection: application to spasticity.","authors":"Kyu-Ho Yi, Hyewon Hu, Sung-Oh Hwang, Haeryun Ahn, Ji-Hyun Lee, Hyung-Jin Lee","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03482-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03482-y","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: A comprehensive understanding of neural distribution within the vastus medialis is crucial for the effective administration of botulinum neurotoxin injections to manage spasticity. The aim of this study was to develop an anatomically informed approach to guide the administration of botulinum neurotoxin injections into the vastus medialis muscle.Methods: Using a modified Sihler's method, we examined the vastus medialis muscles (20 specimens) to delineate the distribution of nerves relative to a transverse line extending from the anterior superior iliac spine to the base of patella. The vastus medialis muscle was divided into 10 areas from top to bottom. Then, using two fresh cadavers, ultrasonography-guided injections were performed based on the distribution of nerves within the vastus medialis. Each specimen was subsequently dissected to verify if the dye was accurately directed to the most densely innervated regions of the vastus medialis and to assess the precision of the injections.Results: The intramuscular nerve distribution within the vastus medialis muscle showed distinct patterns, particularly in areas between 6 and 9. Four injections were successfully administered on each side, targeting the regions between 6 and 9 of the vastus medialis. Upon dissection of the cadavers, the dye was found to be distributed along the muscle fiber.Conclusion: We recommend targeting botulinum neurotoxin injections toward regions displaying a prominent nerve distribution, specifically focusing on areas between 6 and 9. By adhering to these guidelines, clinicians can minimize doses and mitigate potential adverse effects, such as gait disturbances, antibody development, and bruising, resulting from multiple injections. Furthermore, these findings can be incorporated into electromyography practices.","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":"2067-2073"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sternalis featuring tendomuscular fusion to the contralateral sternocleidomastoid: a cadaveric case report. 与对侧胸锁乳突肌腱肌融合的胸骨肌：尸体病例报告。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-024-03485-9

Benjamin Kozlowski, Kristina Lisk

{"title":"Sternalis featuring tendomuscular fusion to the contralateral sternocleidomastoid: a cadaveric case report.","authors":"Benjamin Kozlowski, Kristina Lisk","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03485-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03485-9","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To report the morphologic and spatial relationships of a bilateral sternalis muscle variant.Methods: Routine cadaveric dissection in an undergraduate anatomy laboratory revealed two sternalis muscles parasternal to the sternal body. Subsequent fine prosection of the anterior thoracic wall and neck was carried out to uncover the soft tissue attachments of both sternalis muscles. Positional relationship to neighboring anterior thoracic and neck structures, and geometric dimensions of the muscle bellies and tendons, were documented.Results: Both sternalis muscles were imbedded in the pectoral fascia, with their muscle fibers running obliquely to the midsternal line. The right sternalis muscle was notably larger in length, width, and thickness compared to the sternalis muscle on the left. The right sternalis muscle featured a distinct superior cord-like intermediate tendon that traversed superolateral and fused directly with the contralateral sternomastoid and sterno-occipital portions of the left sternocleidomastoid muscle. The superior tendon of the left sternalis muscle was aponeurotic and affixed to the cord-tendon of the right sternalis muscle. A distinct tendinous entheses for the sternal head for both sternocleidomastoid muscles were noted at the manubrial body.Conclusions: This case report describes a unique bilateral sternalis muscle variant with conjoined sternocleidomastoid muscle integration. This anatomical description of a sternalis-sternocleidomastoid muscle morphology may supplement radiographic interpretations and support diagnostic accuracy.","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":"1999-2004"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The course of the phrenic nerve in the neck region and its relationship with adjacent anatomical structures in the thoracic inlet. 膈神经在颈部的走向及其与胸廓入口处相邻解剖结构的关系。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-024-03476-w

Nilay Yildiz, Gkionoul Nteli Chatzioglou, Osman Coşkun, Ayşin Kale, Özcan Gayretli

{"title":"The course of the phrenic nerve in the neck region and its relationship with adjacent anatomical structures in the thoracic inlet.","authors":"Nilay Yildiz, Gkionoul Nteli Chatzioglou, Osman Coşkun, Ayşin Kale, Özcan Gayretli","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03476-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03476-w","url":null,"abstract":"Pupose: This study aims to reveal the relationship of the phrenic nerve (PhN) with its neighboring structures in the lower neck region more comprehensively than previous studies and to minimize nerve damage by enabling invasive procedures in this region to be performed with high accuracy.Methods: Forty-one heminecks were evaluated. The relationship between the PhN and the anterior scalene muscle (ASM), internal thoracic artery (ITA), branches of subclavian artery (SA) and subclavian vein (SV) was examined.Results: It was observed that the PhN was located medial to the ASM in all cases. The distances were higher in male cadavers. The PhN was found to enter the thorax lateral to the ITA in 15/41 and medial to it in 25/41 sides. In 17/41 cases, the closest SA branch to the PhN was the thyrocervical trunk (TT) and in 24 cases the ITA. The PhN was located behind the SV in 38 cases and in front of it in 2 cases.The accessory PhN was found in 4/41 sides. There was no significant difference in morphometric findings between genders (p > 0.05). However, significant differences were observed between the parameters (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The anatomy and variations of the PhN are of great importance in surgical interventions and invasive procedures in the neck region. The study provides important information to reduce the risk of damage to the PhN in surgical procedures. In addition, knowledge of the anatomical variations of the nerve may contribute to more successful results in nerve grafting and other surgical applications.","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":"1917-1928"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurovascular anatomy of the platysma muscle for blepharoptosis repair: a cadaveric study. 颈阔肌修复上睑下垂的神经血管解剖：一项尸体研究。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-024-03512-9

Omer Faruk Taner, Simay Ersahin, Mehmet Ali Guner, Emrah Koksal, Ayhan Comert, Necati Salman, Dogukan Turan, Mehmet Yilmaz, Necdet Kocabiyik, Murat Igde

{"title":"Neurovascular anatomy of the platysma muscle for blepharoptosis repair: a cadaveric study.","authors":"Omer Faruk Taner, Simay Ersahin, Mehmet Ali Guner, Emrah Koksal, Ayhan Comert, Necati Salman, Dogukan Turan, Mehmet Yilmaz, Necdet Kocabiyik, Murat Igde","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03512-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-024-03512-9","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aimed to define a new surgical method using a neurotized platysma free flap to provide dynamic reanimation, enhanced functional recovery, and low morbidity for blepharoptosis repair.Methods: Ten hemifaces and neck halves of five formalin-fixed cadavers were included in the study. The origin of the neurovascular structures of the pedicle was identified at the submandibular triangle. A 5 × 3 cm platysma flap was dissected. For the recipient side, the main donor vascular structures were observed at the frontal part of the temporal region. The diameters of the donor structures were measured with a digital Vernier caliper. The statistical analysis of the study was performed with Jamovi statistical software version 2.3.36. P < 0.05 was accepted as a statistically significant value.Results: At the donor region, the pedicle included branches of the cervical branch of the facial nerve and the facial artery in all specimens. However, the venous graft pedicle origin could be either the facial vein or the lingual vein. At the recipient region, the mean diameters of the most anterior nerves, arteries, and veins were 1, 2.03, and 2.37 mm respectively. In a side comparison of pedicle variables, only pedicle artery diameter and lateral palpebral commissure-anterior superior point of auricula distance had statistically significant differences between hemifaces.Conclusion: A 5 × 3 cm size platysma flap located in the submandibular trigone would be a good choice for functional blepharoptosis surgery. The thin structure and the appropriate neurovascular pedicle structure should enable performing a successful flap transfer.","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Small basilar artery fenestration mimicking an aneurysm. 类似动脉瘤的小基底动脉开窗。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-024-03516-5

Hideki Endo, Hidetoshi Ono, Hirohiko Nakamura

引用次数: 0

Analysis of depressions indicative of dural venous sinuses within the intracranial cavities of skull bases. 颅底颅内腔内提示硬脑膜静脉窦凹陷的分析。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-024-03528-1

Hadil El Youssef, Cagatay Barut, Eren Ogut

{"title":"Analysis of depressions indicative of dural venous sinuses within the intracranial cavities of skull bases.","authors":"Hadil El Youssef, Cagatay Barut, Eren Ogut","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03528-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-024-03528-1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aimed to examine the anatomical variations and morphometric characteristics of the sulci in the dural venous sinuses within the intracranial cavity, with a particular focus on sex differences and asymmetry.Methods: Thirty fixed cadaveric heads were used to measure the dimensions (length, width, and depth) and spatial relationships of the dural venous sinus sulci within the intracranial cavity, including the distance to the midline, distance to each other, and lateral margin of the skull. Comparisons were made between sexes and sides of the body.Results: A significant difference was observed in the length of the marginal sinus on the right side between sexes (p = 0.028). Various measurements, including the width of the transverse sinus, origin and insertion sites of the superior petrosal sinus, and distances between the sinuses and midline, showed statistically significant differences between the left and right sides (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the width of the inferior petrosal sinus and depth of the sigmoid sinus were notably higher on the right side (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The results suggest an asymmetric distribution of the sigmoid, superior/inferior petrosal, and transverse sinuses in terms of diameter and distance from the midline. Surgeons should consider these anatomical variations during procedures in this region.","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Middle cerebral artery fenestration with a contralateral early branching investigated through magnetic resonance angiography: an embryological view on an incidental finding. 通过磁共振血管造影研究大脑中动脉开窗伴对侧早期分支：一个偶然发现的胚胎学观点。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-024-03525-4

Marialuisa Zedde, Rosario Pascarella

{"title":"Middle cerebral artery fenestration with a contralateral early branching investigated through magnetic resonance angiography: an embryological view on an incidental finding.","authors":"Marialuisa Zedde, Rosario Pascarella","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03525-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03525-4","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Middle cerebral artery (MCA) anomalies are a small group of congenital variants, including fenestration, duplication and Twig-like MCA. Some other variants, i.e. in the branching pattern, have been described independently from the previous ones, but their association might raise an embryological reasoning.Methods: We are presenting an incidental finding in a patient undergoing brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Angiography (MRA) for episodic headache, i.e. right MCA fenestration and left MCA very early branching. The patient was investigated only by MRA, being the finding incidental and non-pathological. Among the intracranial arteries, MCA has a lower rate of fenestrations and several embryological hypotheses have been proposed, different from the presumed mechanisms underlying vertebral and basilar artery fenestrations. Both fenestration and early branching in MCA in our case might resemble to a partial MCA duplication with proximal and distal fusion in the first and only a proximal fusion in the second one. The pattern of distribution of the early branches in the left MCA territory may support this view, together with the lenticulostriate perforating arteries origin.Conclusions: The association of several MCA anomalies, as fenestration and early branching, might have a common genesis within the same embryological period.","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Left vertebral artery arising from the external carotid artery: an uncommon anatomical variant. 左侧椎动脉源于颈外动脉：一种不常见的解剖变异。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-024-03518-3

Sofia Velasco, Juan Andrés Mejía, Andrés Vasquez, Angela Guarnizo

{"title":"Left vertebral artery arising from the external carotid artery: an uncommon anatomical variant.","authors":"Sofia Velasco, Juan Andrés Mejía, Andrés Vasquez, Angela Guarnizo","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03518-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-024-03518-3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To report an uncommon origin of the vertebral artery with embryological and clinical emphasis.Methods: A 55-year-old male with sepsis presented with altered level of consciousness. Head computed tomography (CT), and CT angiography of head and neck vessels (CTA) were performed in the stroke code setting. An analysis of his vertebral artery system on CTA with 3D modeling was performed to assess the embryology of a vertebral artery arising from the external carotid artery, RESULTS: CTA revealed a dominant left vertebral arising from the left external carotid artery, the artery enters the transverse foramen at C2 and curves back behind the lateral mass of C1 entering the skull through the foramen magnum. The right vertebral artery was hypoplastic.Conclusion: Anatomical variants of the vertebral artery origin are asymptomatic, and they are the result of the persistence of anomalous anastomosis during early fetal life. Vertebral artery origin from the external carotid artery as seen in our case is explained by the persistence of the second cervical intersegmental artery. Awareness of this anatomical variant is essential to avoid misdiagnosis, and for surgical and endovascular treatment planning.","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142741193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0