Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"The vascular supply to the lateral compartment of the leg with emphasis on fibular flap harvesting.","authors":"Nihal Apaydin, Aybegum Balci, Simel Kendir, Marios Loukas, Richard S Tubbs","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03565-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-024-03565-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study is to determine the exact locations of vascular pedicles that supply the fibularis longus and brevis, to identify the morphometric features of those vessels in the lateral compartment of the leg, and to indicate the branching points of the pedicles from the main arteries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The popliteal arteries of 40 lower limbs from 20 adult cadavers (12 males, 8 females) were bilaterally injected with colored latex. After dissection, the branches of the arteries were identified and counted. The distances between the apex of the head of the fibula and the branching points of the anterior tibial, fibular, and posterior tibial arteries supplying the fibularis longus and brevis muscles were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all cases, a single artery coursing in the lateral compartment of the leg was identified; it was a branch of the anterior tibial artery and it supplied the proximal and middle thirds of the fibular muscles anteriorly. The mean distance between the origin of this artery and the apex of the fibular head was 8.65 cm. Its mean length was 10.9 cm and the mean number of its branches was 5.1. In all specimens, the fibular artery supplied the proximal and distal portions of the fibular muscles posteriorly.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides a detailed description of the morphometric properties and branching patterns of the axial pedicle of the anterior tibial artery, which runs longitudinally in the lateral compartment and supplies the fibularis longus and fibularis brevis muscles. We propose naming the pedicle of anterior tibial artery the lateral fibular artery. If this nomenclature is accepted, the fibular artery could be renamed the \"posterior fibular artery\".</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Yenigün and Keros classification be applied in the childhood age group?","authors":"Ebru Mihriban Güven","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03572-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03572-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does stereoscopic immersive virtual reality have a significant impact on anatomy education? A literature review.","authors":"Dimitrios Chytas, George Tsakotos, George Triantafyllou, Maria Piagkou","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03570-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-025-03570-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Stereoscopic immersive virtual reality (SIVR) is a technology that fully immerses the user in a digital environment and permits the perception of two different three-dimensional images of a digital object with each of the two eyes. We conducted a literature review to explore to what extent SIVR can significantly contribute to anatomy education.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, Scopus, ERIC, and the Cochrane Library for papers investigating the outcomes (effectiveness, perceptions about effectiveness, and side effects) of implementing SIVR in anatomy education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight articles were included. Six examined the effectiveness of the educational intervention, while two papers explored only participants' perceptions. Those perceptions were positive, but there was a considerably higher frequency of side effects compared with other methods. SSIVR was not significantly more effective than non-stereoscopic delivery, mainly when the users interacted with the virtual environment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Using SIVR in anatomy education has led to positive participants' perceptions and notable side effects, while its effectiveness has not been proven higher than non-stereoscopic images, mainly when the users interacted with the digital objects. Future research will further clarify to what extent this technology should be implemented in anatomy education to minimize side effects and maximize its educational potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11739219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accessory middle cerebral artery associated with an accessory anterior cerebral artery.","authors":"Hideki Endo, Hidetoshi Ono, Hirohiko Nakamura","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03556-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-024-03556-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Although both accessory middle cerebral artery (MCA) and accessory anterior cerebral artery (ACA) are not rare anatomical variations, their combination is rare and there are only a limited number of reports of such combinations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We report a case of accessory MCA associated with an accessory ACA diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 39-year-old woman visited our hospital because of right facial discomfort. She underwent 1.5-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging and MRA. MRA showed a left accessory MCA originating from the left ACA A1 segment. MRA also showed an accessory ACA that formed a triplicated ACA at its A2 segment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Careful imaging assessment is important to identify multiple anatomical variations such as an accessory MCA associated with an accessory ACA. In our case, this rare anatomical variation was confirmed by 1.5-Tesla MRA.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142957805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trigeminal artery anatomical aspects.","authors":"Ionuț Bulbuc, Dan Marcel Iliescu, Constantin Dina, Constantin Ionescu, Petru Bordei","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03553-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03553-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose and background: </strong>The trigeminal artery is a rare anatomical variant, representing an embryonic vestige of the anastomosis between the internal carotid artery and the posterior circulator system, that can be asymptomatic or could have vast clinical manifestations produced by insufficient flow or by vascular nervous conflicts. This study is an anatomical presentation of 3 trigeminal artery cases observed at Medimar Imagistic Services Constanta.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 3 trigeminal artery cases were discovered on a 860 magnetic resonance angiographies (0.35% of cases), made on a GE HD/e 8ch 1.5 T.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all 3 cases, the arteries were rising from the right internal carotid artery and one from the left internal carotid artery, in 2 cases the origin was on the superior surface, and in one case, on the anterolateral surface, in all 3 cases from C4 horizontal cavernous segment. The artery caliber was between 2.7 mm and 5.1 mm; the artery length was between 26 and 32 mm. Other associated vascular malformations were: partial or total basilar artery hypoplasia, in one case posterior communicant artery agenesis, contralateral vertebral artery hypoplasia, posterior cerebral artery hypoplasia (in 2 cases), and no anastomosis between the P1 segment of the posterior cerebral artery with the posterior communicating artery (one case).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While the trigeminal artery is a rare anatomical variant, it's still a very important vessel situated in the posterior cerebral fossa, which needs to be taken into account in the case of neurosurgical interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11700043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142927833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The posterior petroclinoid fold and petroclival ligament ossification patterns.","authors":"George Triantafyllou, Panagiotis Papadopoulos-Manolarakis, George Tsakotos, Maria Piagkou","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03563-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03563-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The skull base ligaments have been extensively studied in the literature due to their clinical and surgical significance. The posterior petroclinoid fold (PPCNF) and petroclival ligament (PCVL) are two adjacent structures that have barely been studied and are frequently confused. The present study uses an innovative classification system to investigate the PPCNF and PCVL ossification patterns.</p><p><strong>Materials: </strong>An archive of 164 computed tomography (CT) scans (328 sides) was evaluated. The sexes were distributed as follows: 86 females and 78 males. The mean age was 47.78 ± 15.64 years old. The ossification patterns were classified as follows: Type 0 (no ossification), Type 1 (incomplete ossification), Type 2 (complete ossification). The incomplete ossification was further classified as subtype 1a (ossification from the clival region), subtype 1b (ossification from the petrous region), and subtype 1c (ossification from both regions).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No PPCNF ossification was observed in 72.6% (238/328 sides). Incomplete PPCNF ossification was identified in 25.8% (85/328 sides), and complete ossification in 1.5% (5/328 sides). A male predominance was determined for the PPCNF ossification. No PCVL ossification was observed in 85.4% (280/328 sides). Incomplete PCVL ossification was observed in 8.2% (27/328 sides) and complete ossification in 6.4% (21/328 sides). The age affected the PCVL ossification, with the older patients presenting with ossification. Simultaneous absence of PPCNF and PCVL ossification was observed in 215 sides (65.5%). The coexistence of incomplete PPCNF and PCVL ossified variants was identified in 13 sides (4%). Concomitant complete PPCNF and PCVL ossified variants were detected in 2 sides (0.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current study presents a detailed description of the PPCNF and PCVL. Knowledge of both structures' ossification is important for anatomists, radiologists, and clinicians due to their close relationship with neurovascular structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142922079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A morphometric study of posterior tibial slope differences by sex and ethnicity in a South African population.","authors":"Erik Hohmann, Adri Nel, Reinette van Zyl, Natalie Natalie, Nkhensani Mogale","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03551-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-024-03551-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Posterior tibial slope (PTS) influences knee kinetics and kinematics. The purpose of this study was to investigate morphology and variation within a sample of the black and white male and female population.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>480 randomly selected lateral knee radiographs were included. The anterior tibial cortex angle (ATC), proximal anatomical tibial axis angle (PTAA) and the posterior tibial cortex angle (PTC) were measured using ImageJ 1.53e software. Between group differences (black male and females, white males and females) were analysed using one-way ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences between the three different angles (p = 0.0001, F = 50.68) but no between group differences for the individual angle measurements (ATC, PTAA, PTC) between ethnicity and sex. For ATC, the angles between groups ranged from 14.20 + 2.81 degrees (Females Black), 14.62 + 3.6 degrees (Male Black), 15.18 + 3.68 degrees (Male White) to 15.54 + 3.21 degrees (Females White). For PTAA, the angles between groups ranged from 10.37 + 2.59 degrees (Females Black), 10.61 + 3.27 degrees (Male Black), 10.68 + 3.27 degrees (Male White) to 10.83 + 3.27 degrees (Females White). For PTC, the angles between groups ranged from 6.07 + 3.13 degrees (Females White), 6.13 + 3.7 degrees (Male White), 6.35 + 2.67 degrees (Females Black) to 6.62 + 3.16 degrees (Male Black).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study could not establish differences in posterior tibial slope angles between males and females and ethnicity. Significant differences between ATC, PTAA and PTC angles were observed and PTC angles were smaller when compared to PTAA and ATC angles. The ATC angles ranged between 13.18 and 16.57 degrees, the PTAA angles ranged 9.38-11.87 degrees and the PTC angles ranged between 5.03 and 7.62 degrees for all groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11698820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical study of the vascularization of the pedicled osteo-myo-cutaneous scapulo-dorsal flap.","authors":"Alexia Kany, Mikael Verdalle-Cazes, Christian Vacher, Jean-Philippe Foix, Frédéric Crampon, Sophie Deneuve, Lara Nokovitch","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03559-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-024-03559-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The main objective of this study was to conduct a radioanatomical study of the osteo-myo-cutaneous scapulo-dorsal pedicled flap.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A radiological study was performed to study the anatomical variations of the dorsal scapular pedicle (origin, course of the deep branch of the dorsal scapular artery (DSA) in relation to the medial border of the scapula, perforators from the superficial branch of the DSA). Perforators from the superficial branch of the DSA were also identified on anatomical subjects, and their cutaneous vascular territory was determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DSA originated from the transverse cervical artery in 95% of cases. The deep branch of the DSA was in an anterolateral position relative to the medial border of the scapula in 70% of cases, and in an anteromedial position in 30%. In most cases, between 1 and 2 perforators arised from the superficial branch of the DSA. The mean size of the cutaneous vascular territory arising from the perforators of the superficial branch of the DSA was 7.8cmx8.5 cm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When mandibular reconstruction with this flap is considered, a preoperative CT angiogram could ensure that the transverse cervical vessels have been preserved, and determine the position of the deep branch of the DSA relative to the medial edge of the scapula.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Student's perception of three-dimensional atlas interactive system beside traditional cadaveric dissection in learning human anatomy.","authors":"Anju Choudhary, Anjali Singal, Priti Chaudhary","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03560-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-024-03560-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>As digital education is encroaching on the traditional method, it is important to get, the feedback of medical students. The current study has been proposed to investigate the perception of first-year MBBS students, regarding the use of 3D atlas for gross anatomy study as adjunct along with cadaveric dissection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The feedback of 91 first-year MBBS students, regarding the incorporation of a 3D atlas in the dissection lab along with traditional cadaveric dissection was collected. A self-structured questionnaire, along with a consent form, was made available via Google forms and the responses were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>97% of students agreed that the orientation and understanding of different anatomical structures improved for dissection with 3D atlas usage along with cadaveric dissection and enhanced peer discussion. The majority of students agreed that the usage of the 3D atlas created enthusiasm and motivation toward anatomy learning and encouraged them to participate actively in the lab. Some suggestions by the students like the free availability of the app for anywhere and anytime usage, lesser number of students for each batch, and the conduction of substage viva on a 3D atlas, etc. may be tailored as per institutional infrastructure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of the study validate that the use of a 3D atlas along with dissection is an effective method of teaching anatomy. The current analysis will provide feedback for future decisions to incorporate 3D learning tools for gross anatomy in dissection labs. The authors believe that it is a useful tool that merits inclusion in anatomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying a three-dimensional curved lumbar spine model to simulate surgery for training residents in pedicle screw insertion.","authors":"Volga Ozturk, Anil Murat Ozturk, Mehmet Asim Ozer, Figen Govsa","doi":"10.1007/s00276-024-03550-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-024-03550-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The challenges of spinal surgery can be overcome by deeply understanding the anatomical and surgical complexities of the region through the use of model simulators. This study investigates the impact of digitally designed simulators, specifically lumbar spinal models with abnormal curvature, on preoperative planning and their effectiveness as training tools. The study addresses challenges in spine surgery, such as unique deformities, classification issues, and associated abdominal structure abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty life-sized lumbar spine models exhibiting lateral curvature, intervertebral rotation, asymmetry in spinal segments, and disc abnormalities were 3D printed for 20 trainees to practice pedicle screw placement across five levels. A detailed survey evaluated the residents' views on the anatomical realism of the model and its surgical application, focusing on screw sizes, procedure duration, placement accuracy, materials, and surgical techniques. The study emphasized understanding the anatomical bone structure, identifying lumbar spinal curvature, decision-making, pedicle placement, the development of surgical strategies, and the educational value of the simulator. It rated their understanding on a scale from 1 to 5, where 1 indicates very low understanding and 5 signifies extremely high understanding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-practice surveys revealed that the primary challenge for residents was determining the correct direction for pedicle screw placement, with the model's loss of resistance being perceived as less realistic. Despite this, the simulated environment was found to be beneficial, with realistic procedural steps. Significant differences emerged in residents' perceptions regarding the identification of scoliosis levels (3.5), imitation of bone tissue (4.30), anatomical positioning of the pedicle start (3.55), and preparation for posterior deformity correction (4.7). The model proved to be an effective teaching tool, particularly in enhancing manual skills for pedicle screw placement (4.9), preparation for deformity correction (4.7), explaining surgery to patients and their families (4.8), and potentially reducing surgery time (4.6).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The scoliotic model received high ratings for its appropriateness in screw placement, earning a 'very good' evaluation (4.2). Notably, its contribution to learning pedicle screw placement was rated very positively (4.7), highlighting its effectiveness as a valuable training tool. Scoliotic models play a crucial role in helping orthopedists understand patient-specific deformities and enhance preoperative preparation, ultimately contributing to improved surgical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}