Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"Angiographic Demonstration of a Transverse Sinus Fenestration Coexisting with a Kobayashi Type 4B Torcular Variant: Case Report.","authors":"Gerson Ernesto López-Casaperalta, Carlos Augusto Luna-Medina, Fritz Fidel Váscones-Román, Giancarlo Saal-Zapata","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03973-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03973-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report describes an exceptionally rare case of an incidental angiographic fenestration of a dominant right transverse sinus (TS) associated with a Kobayashi type 4B torcular variant in a 54-year-old patient who presented with a coexisting intracranial arterial aneurysm. While TS fenestrations are known from cadaveric studies and non-invasive imaging, high-resolution dynamic digital subtraction angiography (DSA) documentation of an isolated TS fenestration in vivo remains exceptionally scarce in the literature. The patient initially underwent computed tomography angiography (CTA), which identified the arterial aneurysm and a suspicious image in the right TS. Subsequently, a DSA was performed for definitive neurovascular evaluation. While the arterial phase characterized the aneurysm, the late venous phase incidentally revealed a TS fenestration, coexisting with a Kobayashi type 4B torcular configuration. This case underscores the importance of a meticulous evaluation of the cerebral venous phase during DSA. Precise knowledge of this dual-lumen dural variant is critical for neurosurgeons and neurointerventionalists, as its presence on the hemodynamically dominant side significantly influences surgical corridors and endovascular navigation strategies required to manage concurrent neurovascular pathologies safely.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real vs virtual dissection: a region-based comparison of medical students' perceptions in a French faculty.","authors":"Ndeye Bigué Mar, Marie Duigou, Romuald Seizeur, Brieg Dissaux","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03957-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03957-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the perception of French medical students regarding the use and place of real (traditional) and virtual dissections in learning Anatomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire was offered to all students in an optional course semester that combined real and virtual dissection. The questionnaire was also offered to near-peer tutor students (tutors). The questionnaire included closed (quantifiable) questions and open-ended questions, attempting to distinguish the advantages and disadvantages of both methods according to anatomical regions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty students and 6 tutors filled the questionnaire. All students agreed that the virtual dissection table is useful for learning anatomy, though most (10/20 strongly) disagreed that it could replace traditional cadaveric dissection. Real dissection was considered significantly superior to virtual dissection for cardiac, thoracic, lung, and abdominal anatomy and myology (p < 0.05). A preference trend toward the virtual dissection table was observed for central neuroanatomy, peripheral neuroanatomy, and angiology, although this did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). A positive correlation was found between the ease of tool appropriation and its perceived pedagogical benefit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Real and virtual dissections are complementary rather than competitive. This study advocates for a tailored pedagogical model where the choice of modality is guided by the specific anatomical region and its inherent technical constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topographic anatomy of suprascapular artery branches in the supraspinatus fossa: surgical implications for rotator cuff and muscle advancement.","authors":"Hyemin Lee, Seung-Jun Hwang, Kyoung Hwan Koh","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03970-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03970-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The suprascapular artery (SSA) is the main vascular supply to the rotator cuff musculature, but its detailed branching pattern in the supraspinatus fossa and clinical relevance for surgery and radiological interpretation are incompletely characterized. We aimed to provide morphometric data on SSA branches in the supraspinatus fossa and clarify their surgical and radiological implications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The SSA course was traced in 20 shoulders from the superior transverse scapular ligament (STSL) to the spinoglenoid notch. SSA branches with a diameter of ≥ 1.0 mm were categorized into anatomical areas based on their relationship to the STSL, coracoclavicular ligament, and acromioclavicular joint. Morphometric measurements were obtained, and distances between the SSA main trunk and surgical landmarks were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SSA passed superior to the STSL as a single main trunk (mean diameter at the suprascapular notch: 2.47 ± 0.53 mm). Ninety-five branches were identified (mean 4.75 per shoulder). Of these, 73.69% were in Areas A and B (medial-to-mid fossa). All branches coursed along the deep surface of the supraspinatus muscle, between the muscle belly and the bony fossa floor. No \"encircled vessel\" pattern was identified on the superficial surface of the supraspinatus muscle.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SSA branches mainly supply the supraspinatus muscle from its deep surface and are concentrated in the medial-to-mid fossa (Areas A-B, 73.69%). No circumferential superficial vascular network was identified, suggesting that the magnetic resonance imaging \"encircled vessel\" pattern may reflect an imaging phenomenon rather than a distinct anatomical structure. These deep feeding vessels may be at risk during aggressive dissection along the undersurface of the supraspinatus, with potential implications for muscle viability and intraoperative hemostasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolving role of computed tomography angiography in superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap mapping from anatomy to surgery: a systematic review.","authors":"Zhongchong Liu, Zhaoqin Liu, Lei Han, Xiaojun Zhu, Xiwei Zhang, Liangcheng Ding","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03944-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03944-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The reliable application of the superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) flaps is frequently hindered by significant anatomical variability in its vascular supply. Preoperative mapping through computed tomography angiography (CTA) has become an essential method for visualizing perforator pathways, potentially enhancing the safety and precision of flap harvesting. Nevertheless, discrepancies in imaging protocols and interpretations have restricted the standardization of CTA utilization. This systematic review seeks to assess the consistency and clinical utility of CTA in delineating SCIP vasculature and its influence on surgical outcomes in SCIP flaps reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search and data processing were carried out according to the PRISMA guidelines. Patient demographics, the characteristics and outcomes of flaps, and the characteristics of SCIP based on CTA were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen articles involving 876 patients and the regions of 1752 groin were included in the analysis. CTA, particularly multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) utilizing axial, maximum intensity projection (MIP), and three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions, consistently identified key anatomical features of the superficial circumflex iliac artery (SCIA). These included the origin of SCIA, its branching pattern into superficial and deep perforators, courses, fascial penetration points, and spatial relationships with adjacent vascular structures. Preoperative CTA mapping guided the design and harvesting of 391 SCIP flaps, encompassing free, pedicled, chimeric, and other specialized types. Outcome data were accessible for 368 cases, revealing a flap survival rate of 96.74% and a complication rate of 14.65%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The visualization of the SCIA origin and its anatomical context within the surrounding vascular network through MDCT is reliable. This modality significantly enhances the safety and success of SCIP flap reconstruction, especially for the harvesting of chimeric and combined flaps.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abdominal aortic aneurysm in a patient with situs ambiguous and polyspleny (heterotaxy syndrome): a very rare occurrence in vascular surgery! Short literature review.","authors":"Isabelle Javerliat, Clara Duran, Raphael Coscas, Marc Coggia","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03964-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03964-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Situs ambiguous with polypsleny or heterotaxy syndrome is a rare occurrence in vascular surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We report, for the first time in the literature, the association of situs ambiguous with polyspleny with an infrarenal aortic aneurysm. CT-scan performed to evaluate the aortic aneurysm incidentally revealed the situs ambiguous.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CT-scan was analysed to report all anomalies of situs ambiguous in this patient.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This article provides an update on the various abdominal anomalies encountered in situs ambiguous. This syndrome is poorly known in vascular surgery, particularly with regard to its surgical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148765480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postmortem discovery of a rare five-vessel aortic arch with aberrant right subclavian artery and bilateral vertebral artery origin variants: embryological analysis and perioperative implications.","authors":"Pavel Alexandrovich Karavaikin, Mikhail Sergeevich Latyshev, Valery Sergeevich Arakelyan, Pavel Varazdatovich Kakhktsyan, Vasil Georgievich Papitashvili, Ivan Nikolaevich Shchanitsyn, David Rafaelovich Tevosov, Dzhumber Yakovlevich Khinchagov","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03967-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03967-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Complex aortic arch branching variants with multiple direct branches and variant vertebral artery origins are rare and typically incidental. We report a postmortem-confirmed case of a rare five-vessel aortic arch configuration identified in a 65-year-old man who underwent elective mitral and tricuspid valve repair for severe mitral regurgitation. The postoperative course was complicated by delayed neurological deterioration and fatal tonsillar herniation. Examination of the thoracic aorta revealed a five-branch aortic arch consisting of the right common carotid artery, left common carotid artery, left vertebral artery arising directly from the arch, left subclavian artery, and an aberrant right subclavian artery with a retroesophageal course. The right vertebral artery originated anomalously from the proximal right common carotid artery. This rare vascular configuration highlights the embryological complexity of multi-branch aortic arch variants and suggests potential implications for vertebrobasilar perfusion during cardiothoracic procedures. Recognition of such variants through careful preoperative imaging of the supra-aortic vessels may help reduce unforeseen perioperative risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148723127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quadruple common trunk of the axillary artery and high brachial division: a cadaveric study.","authors":"Debyani Kishore, Purnima Adhikari, Rohini Punja","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03971-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03971-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study describes three upper limb arterial variants identified incidentally during systematic cadaveric dissection, with characterisation of their morphometric features, embryological basis, and potential surgical relevance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty formalin-fixed adult cadavers (40 upper limbs) were systematically dissected bilaterally. Vessel diameters, trunk lengths, and bifurcation levels were measured using digital Vernier callipers (accuracy ± 0.02 mm). Each variant was documented by photography and schematic diagram.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three variants were identified (3/40 limbs, 7.5%). Case 1: a quadruple common trunk arising from the third part of the axillary artery, 25.3 mm distal to the lateral border of pectoralis minor, giving origin to the lateral thoracic (2.1 mm), subscapular (3.8 mm), circumflex scapular (2.6 mm), and posterior circumflex humeral arteries (1.9 mm). Case 2: high brachial division 15.5 cm proximal to the radial neck, with radial artery traversal of the bicipital aponeurosis. Case 3: high brachial division with a focal ulnar narrowing commencing 22.0 mm from the bifurcation, extending over 8.5 mm, with a minimum diameter of 1.4 mm resolving to 3.2 mm distally.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Three anatomical variants are described with complete morphometric documentation. No identical configuration to Case 1 was identified in the reviewed literature. The findings contribute descriptive cadaveric data. Given the small series and cadaveric setting, all interpretations are offered with due caution.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13469377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148727191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Venous thoracic outlet syndrome in a patient with an aberrant subclavius posticus muscle: a case report.","authors":"Michal Benes, Roman Piecha, Bruno Jurasek, Terezia Kybova, Vojtech Kunc","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03974-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03974-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Venous thoracic outlet syndrome is typically caused by extrinsic compression of the subclavian or axillary vein within the thoracic outlet. Although several anatomical abnormalities have been implicated in its pathogenesis, isolated venous compression associated with the subclavius posticus muscle has not previously been reported. We present the case of a 40-year-old male who developed deep vein thrombosis of the left upper limb following repetitive overhead activity. Duplex ultrasonography demonstrated axillary vein thrombus, and further imaging, comprising computed tomography angiography and magnetic resonance imaging, identified an aberrant muscular structure extending from the first rib to the superior border of the scapula, consistent with the appearance of the subclavius posticus muscle compressing the subclavian vein. The patient was treated conservatively with anticoagulants and individualized physical therapy. Upon final follow-up, complete recanalization of the thrombus and absence of any symptoms were recorded. This case suggests that subclavius posticus muscle may be among the possible compression sites, and its potential presence should be considered in patients with unexplained deep vein thrombosis of the upper limb.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148724402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical characteristics of the tibialis anterior tendon and clinical significance.","authors":"Xin Gao, Xiao-Tong Meng, Li-Na Ren, Xiu-Ning Xuan, Rui-Xi Jin, Jia-Yun Cheng, Xue-Jia Li, Si-Qi Li, Jing Li","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03972-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03972-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe the anatomical characteristics of the tibialis anterior tendon (TAT), and thereby to provide a reference for the precise anatomy of structures surrounding the ankle joint and the surgical repair of tendon-related injuries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 100 human lower limbs were prepared and the tibialis anterior muscles (TAMs) were dissected. All anatomical specimens were perfused and preserved with 10% formalin solution, and the specimens were unpaired samples. The lengths of the TAT and muscle belly, the thickness and width of TAT at its insertion, as well as the thickness and width of the muscle-tendon junction (MTJ) were measured. Statistical analyses were performed using Fisher's exact test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and independent-samples t test, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) The TAT was classified into the following types: Type I: the TAT consisted of two bundles of equal size; the anterior bundle inserted into the base of the first metatarsal bone and the posterior bundle into the medial cuneiform bone in 27 cases (27%). Type II: the TAT consisted of two bundles of unequal size; the larger portion inserted into the medial cuneiform bone and the smaller portion into the base of the first metatarsal bone in 55 cases (55%). Type III: The TAT consisted of two bundles of unequal size; the smaller portion inserted into the medial cuneiform bone and the larger portion into the base of the first metatarsal bone in 14 cases (14%). Type IV: The TAT consisted of deep and superficial layers; both of them inserted to the medial cuneiform and the base of the first metatarsal bones in 1 case (1%). Type V: the TAT consisted of two bundles of unequal size; the anterior bundle inserted into the mid-anterior portion of the first metatarsal bone, and the posterior bundle into the medial cuneiform bone and the first metatarsal bone in 2 cases (2%). Type VI: The TAT consisted of deep, middle and superficial layers; the superficial layer inserted into the base of the first metatarsal bone and the medial cuneiform bone, the middle layer into the base of the first metatarsal bone, and the deep layer into the medial cuneiform bone in 1 case (1%) (2) The width and thickness of the TAT at the insertion were 12.97 ± 4.45 mm and 1.91 ± 0.51 mm. There was a significant difference in the width of TAT insertion in the types of I~Ⅲ (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the muscle belly length of TAM between male and female (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The classification of TAT in this study complements the detailed anatomy of the ankle joint. Understanding the characteristics and variations of TAT aids in comprehending the mechanisms of foot and ankle injuries and provides important information for their diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148727143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forearm position-dependent variations in the carpal tunnel safe zone: an ultrasonographic anatomical rationale for a pronation-based injection concept.","authors":"İbrahim Faruk Adıgüzel, Esin Kurtuluş Öztürk","doi":"10.1007/s00276-026-03961-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-026-03961-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effect of forearm rotation on the spatial relationship between the median nerve and the ulnar artery at the carpal tunnel inlet using ultrasonography, and to characterize position-dependent anatomical variations in the transverse interval relevant to the ultrasound-defined safe zone.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective observational study included 120 healthy adult volunteers (60 females, 60 males; age range 18-45 years). Ultrasonographic measurements were obtained at the carpal tunnel inlet in three standardized forearm positions: supination, neutral, and pronation. The cross-sectional area of the median nerve and its distances to adjacent anatomical landmarks, including the ulnar artery, pisiform, and scaphoid tubercle, were measured. Participants were stratified by sex and palmaris longus tendon presence. Statistical comparisons were performed to assess position-dependent changes and subgroup differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forearm pronation resulted in a significant increase in the distance between the median nerve and the ulnar artery compared with neutral and supinated positions (p < 0.05), indicating widening of the ultrasonographically defined transverse interval. The cross-sectional area of the median nerve also increased in pronation. No significant differences were observed based on palmaris longus tendon presence. Sex-based differences were identified, with larger absolute measurements in males. Effect size analysis demonstrated large position-dependent effects for median nerve displacement parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Forearm pronation is associated with widening of the median nerve-ulnar artery interval at the carpal tunnel inlet in healthy adults. These findings describe a position-dependent anatomical variation that may be relevant to future studies of pronation-based injection planning; however, procedural application requires clinical validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148727661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}