Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"Selective distal block of the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve: anatomical and ultrasonographic insights.","authors":"Matthias Herteleer, Nathan Roussel, Lucie Deroubaix, Antoine Drizenko, Xavier Demondion","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03598-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03598-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve (IPBSN) plays a critical role in cutaneous innervation of the anterior knee and is frequently implicated in both acute and chronic post-surgical pain. Due to its anatomical variability, precise localization is essential for effective nerve blocks and minimizing iatrogenic injury. This study evaluates the feasibility of two distal ultrasound-guided approaches for selective IPBSN blocks, with the aim of addressing the limitations of proximal techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Anatomical layer-by-layer dissections of two paired lower limbs and transverse cross-sections of a third limb were used to map the IPBSN's course and its relationship to the sartorius muscle. Based on these findings, two distal ultrasound-guided approaches were tested: a proximal medial para-patellar approach at the level of the patella's superior aspect and a distal medial para-patellar approach near the medial femoral condyle. Ultrasound-guided injections (0.1-0.3 mL) targeting the IPBSN were performed on four lower limbs, followed by anatomical validation through dissection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IPBSN was consistently identified as a honeycomb structure within a distinct fascial compartment. Both approaches effectively localized the nerve, with observed diffusion suggesting a potential compartment for selective nerve block. This dual-modality approach of ultrasound imaging and dissection enabled precise IPBSN localization, overcoming topographical variability relative to the sartorius muscle.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Distal ultrasound-guided IPBSN blocks show promise for knee pain management by achieving targeted analgesia while preserving muscle function. Further studies are needed to validate these techniques and refine injection protocols for clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ectopic pancreas located in the liver and omentum: a perspective from gross anatomy and microscopy.","authors":"Ze-Cheng Wang, Ming-Qing Chen, Zi-Jian Li, Jing-Han Du, Tao Sun, Cheng-Jiu Hu, Jing Li","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03608-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03608-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This case report is to present the anatomical variation of ectopic pancreas and discuss about its clinical significance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>While dissecting an adult cadaver specimen, an ectopic pancreas specimen was found.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ectopic pancreatic tissue was located in the left lobe of the liver and the mesentery. After HE staining and microscopic observation, it was found that the ectopic pancreatic tissue contained ducts, islets, and acini, thus it was classified as Type I according to Gaspar Fuentes' classification.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We report an atypical variation of ectopic pancreas, which is located in the left lobe of the liver and the mesentery. This may be associated with certain digestive system diseases such as dyspepsia. The findings of this study can provide insights for the clinical diagnosis of digestive system diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical relationship between the profunda brachii artery and the radial nerve at the entrance and within the radial groove.","authors":"Yüsra Nur Şanlıtürk, Özcan Gayretli, Nurşen Zeybek, Adnan Öztürk","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03605-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03605-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In this study, it was aimed to examine the relationship between the profunda brachii artery and the radial nerve at the entrance to and within the radial groove considering no comparable study was found in the literature.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Dissection was performed in 44 upper extremities (21 right and 23 left) of 24 fixed cadavers used for medical education at Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Anatomy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Profunda brachii artery was found to be a single artery in 39 extremities and a double artery in 5 extremities. In 27 cases with single PBA, the nerve was located superolateral to the PBA (Type A), and in 8 cases the nerve was located inferomedial to the PBA (Type B). In all 5 extremities with double profunda brachii artery, the proximal branch was superolateral (Type A) and the distal branch was inferomedial (Type B).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This research will support surgeons understanding how to better anatomically and radiologically treat humeral fractures and lateral arm flap applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical validation of the sonographic detection of small nervous structures.","authors":"Shalimar Abdullah, Muhammad Shafiq Azhar, Sabarul Afian Mokhtar, Lim Chia Hua, Elaine Soh Zi Fan, Juliana Fairuz Maktar, Suraya Aziz, Emilia Rosniza Mohammed Rusli, Aina Shamira Noor Hisham, Vaikunthan Rajaratnam","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03596-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03596-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ultrasound is a primary imaging modality for diagnosing and managing nerve-related injuries, particularly for identifying peripheral nerve locations. However, its accuracy and reliability in surgical applications remain insufficiently explored, potentially limiting its utility in nerve surgery.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to assess the precision of ultrasound in identifying upper limb peripheral nerves by comparing ultrasonographic findings with direct human cadaveric dissection.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Fourteen fresh-frozen upper limb specimens were examined in February 2023. Ultrasound assessments were performed by two experienced musculoskeletal radiologists using three linear probes (15 MHz, 24 MHz, and a 22 MHz hockey stick probe). Seven peripheral nerves were identified and marked using dye injections. Subsequent dissections were conducted under loupe magnification by hand surgeons.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The recurrent motor branch of the median nerve exhibited the lowest discrepancy (mean 1.014 ± 1.459 mm) and the highest accuracy (64.29% of specimens). The greatest discrepancy was observed in the branch of the musculocutaneous nerve to the brachialis (mean 5.114 ± 3.758 mm). The interrater correlation coefficient (ICC) varied across nerve sites, ranging from - 6.298 to 0.795, with the highest ICC observed in the superficial branch of the ulnar nerve (0.795, 0.066).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that ultrasound is a valid and effective tool for identifying peripheral nerve branches in the upper limb, particularly for superficial nerves. Improved accuracy in ultrasound-guided nerve identification may enhance surgical precision and reduce complications in nerve-related procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143532054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muscles variations with topographical relationship to the suprascapular notch and its potential arthroscopic feasibility.","authors":"Azzat Al-Redouan, Michal Benes, Aimilia Theodorakioglou, Seyed Mehdi Sadat, Martin Modrak, Vojtech Kunc, David Kachlik","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03595-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03595-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study provides an insight on the extent of muscular variability at the suprascapular notch and elaborates on its anatomical interference in suprascapular nerve arthroscopic decompression procedures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The suprascapular notch was dissected and its muscular topography was observed in 115 cadaveric specimens. High resolution imaging of the suprascapular notch was captured by a handheld digital microscope (Q-scope). The supraspinatus and subscapularis muscles were traced as they course at the suprascapular notch vicinity. The omohyoid muscle attachment onto the suprascapular ligament was measured. A scoping review and meta-analysis were done to investigate the observed rare muscular variants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 3.48%, the suprascapular notch anterior surface was fully covered by the subscapularis muscle. The omohyoid muscle inserted onto the suprascapular ligament in 31.25% and extended up to 3/4th of the suprascapular ligament length in 2.61%. Two rare variant muscles were encountered: subclavius posticus muscle and a newly reported \"coracoscapularis muscle\".</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Four categories of muscles with topographical relationship to the suprascapular notch and its arthroscopic feasibility have been classified: (1) constant muscles not intervening with the suprascapular notch space - supraspinatus muscle; (2) constant muscles with variable positions that can intervene with the suprascapular notch space - subscapularis muscle; (3) constant muscles with variable positions that can intervene with the surgical approach - omohyoid muscle; (4) variable muscles intervening with the suprascapular notch space and surgical approach - subclavius posticus and coracoscapularis muscles. This study elucidates the necessity to assess/secure the omohyoid muscle attachment onto the suprascapular ligament in suprascapular nerve decompression ligamentectomy.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>V Basic Science Research.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143505670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring gender disparities in first authorship in anatomy during last two decades.","authors":"Anjali Singal, Swati Goyal","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03597-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03597-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In scientific literature, authorship serves as a vital form of symbolic capital, with first authorship especially signifying active research involvement. This study examines the presence and magnitude of the gender gap in Anatomy research authorship and tracks its progression over the past twenty years in five esteemed journals. To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the trend of female first authorship within the subject.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed search for all the published articles in five reputed Anatomical journals (2004-2023) was performed to get the bibliographic details of each article. Rentrez package was used to retrieve full name and affiliation. The first authors from the Department of Anatomy, Morphology, Embryology and Histology were included. Gender of the first author was assessed using Namsor API. The proportions of female first authors were presented as percentage stratified year-wise and geographically. A Mann-Kendall trend test statistics was applied to observe the significance of trends.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One third of publications were by female first authors in Anatomy in last two decades. Continent wise, Africa and North America had the highest and lowest female representation. Participation of female as first authors was relatively consistent across journals (31.6 -34.8%). Though trend for female first authors increased in 2023 (38.8%) as compare to in 2004 (28.9%), however Mann-Kendall trend test statistics indicate no significant increase in yearly trend (p = 0.552) during last twenty years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Globally males continue to dominate the prestigious first authorship in Anatomy except in India and Italy. Future research is needed to fully understand the obstacles preventing female representation as first authors in different geographic areas in this discipline.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A typical course of v3 segment of the right vertebral artery: a case study and literature overview.","authors":"Magdalena Gołuchowska, Sandra A Pilawska, Bartłomiej Łasocha, Tadeusz J Popiela, Borys M Kwinta, Roger M Krzyżewski","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03578-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03578-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a case of atypical course of V3 segment of the right vertebral artery (VA) that runs through the hypoglossal canal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 60-year-old female was qualified as clinical control group to participate in a clinical trial and two imaging methods in High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging (1.5T): 3D FFE TOF and 3D T1 MPRAGE were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this case, the right VA enters the skull abnormally, through the hypoglossal canal. Research has shown that it is presumably a variant of persistent primitive hypoglossal artery (PPHA) or a partial persistence of the PPHA incorporated into the VA. Previous MRI images did not reveal any abnormalities in the structure in the vasculature of the brain, as well.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Proper recognition and analysis of vascular variations are critical to avoid iatrogenic complications or to plan surgery of head or neck regions. Secondly, such anatomic variation may predispose a patient to ischemic attacks due to insufficient blood flow or aneurysms due to a weakened wall or stenosis of the VA.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basal vein of Rosenthal anomaly with aplasia of the telencephalic segment and prominent lateral mesencephalic vein.","authors":"Marialuisa Zedde, Rosario Pascarella","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03589-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-025-03589-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The Basal Vein of Rosenthal (BVR) is one of the most stable intracranial veins. Despite this, several anomalies have been described and are related to its embryological origin as a longitudinal vein generated by the anastomosis between different segments. The anatomical variability also accounts for the presence and activation of different functional drainage pathways, both anteriorly and posteriorly, as well as with anastomoses with the infratentorial venous system METHODS: We are presenting an incidental finding in a patient undergoing brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the diagnostic work-up of endolymphatic hydrops. The left BVR was the main location of anomalies including the hypoplasia of the first (telencephalic) segment, ad its afferents, and the presence of an additional drainage via the lateral mesencephalic vein (LMV) to the cavernous sinus and the transverse-sygmoid sinus (via a persistent oblique occipital sinus) besides the Galenic system.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although being stable, several anomalies of the BVR have been described, and the present case adds to the previous reports a combination of anomalies with hypoplasia of the first segment, prominent LMV and the drainage though a persistent oblique occipital sinus.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mastoid pouch of the sigmoid sinus- an extraordinary anatomical variant.","authors":"Mugurel Constantin Rusu, Corneliu Toader, Răzvan Costin Tudose","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03590-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-025-03590-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The dural sigmoid sinus (SS) is a major surgical landmark. It is aimed to report an extraordinary and clinically significant anatomical variation- the mastoid pouch of the SS, which replaces the mastoid air cells.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The archived angioCT file of a 45 y.o. male was retrospectively studied on planar sections and by three-dimensional volume renderings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An expansive mastoid pouch of the left SS was found, measuring 1.74 cm in transverse diameter and 2.18 cm in sagittal diameter, replacing the typical mastoid air cell system. This SS pouch extended to the mastoid cortex and was covered by a robust (1.41 cm broad) tegmen sinus sigmoidei. The bony wall between the SS pouch and the mastoid portion of the facial canal was 4.65 mm thick.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The marked venous encroachments into the mastoid region emphasise the necessity for comprehensive preoperative imaging and careful selection of surgical approaches to prevent inadvertent vascular compromise.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11835970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare bilateral anatomical variation of the lateral thoracic artery: duplicated arteries with unique origins and pathways.","authors":"Mark Rimmer, Warwick J Peacock, Kalyanam Shivkumar, Shumpei Mori","doi":"10.1007/s00276-025-03587-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00276-025-03587-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The lateral thoracic artery (LTA) is one of six main branches that originate from the axillary artery. The LTA has a textbook origin from the 2nd part of the axillary artery posterior to the pectoralis minor muscle. Contrary to the textbook origin, there are numerous reports of LTA variants that originate from the thoracoacromial artery, subscapular artery, and thoracodorsal artery, or even its duplication. This case report involves description of an additional unique duplicate variant of the LTA, bilaterally. The right duplicate LTA has its origin from the 3rd part of the axillary artery and then courses with the axillary sheath before coursing towards the breast. The right duplicate LTA variant also gives off two small subcutaneous branches in the medial upper arm. The left duplicate LTA has its origin from the brachial artery and courses directly to the breast through the axilla. Additional detail on the variants of the LTA could prove useful in surgical procedures that involve the lateral thorax, chest, and axilla and contribute to broader anatomical knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":49461,"journal":{"name":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy","volume":"47 1","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11836202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}