{"title":"Input fluctuation mitigation in coupled nonlinear control systems: A dual-mode DMPC approach","authors":"Yu Yang , Shihui Jiang , Tianbo Zhang , Dong Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive fluctuations in control inputs can severely compromise the performance, stability, and safety of control systems, posing significant challenges in various practical applications. This study introduces a novel dual-mode distributed model predictive control (DMPC) approach for a class of dynamically coupled nonlinear systems, aiming to effectively mitigate input fluctuations. The existence of a terminal invariant region (TIR) and its corresponding terminal stabilizing controller (TSC) is rigorously established for a globally coupled nonlinear system subject to input amplitude and fluctuation constraints. When the system state resides within the global TIR, the global TSC ensures consistent satisfaction of input amplitude and fluctuation constraints. When operating outside the global TIR, a set of parallel model predictive controllers with input amplitude and fluctuation constraints is developed, where an aperiodic event-triggering scheduler is introduced to reduce the likelihood of input fluctuation constraint violations during practical numerical implementation. The recursive feasibility and closed-loop stability of the proposed dual-mode DMPC approach are rigorously analyzed. Simulation results on coupled oscillators demonstrate its effectiveness in input fluctuation mitigation and system stabilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 106174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144519190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Geometric analysis of nonlinear impulsive control systems: Decompositions, accessibility, observability","authors":"Qinbo Huang , Lijuan Shen , Jitao Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates some fundamental properties of nonlinear impulsive control systems (ICS), including structural decompositions, accessibility and observability. By defining suitable invariant distributions using differential geometry methods, we propose the controllability decomposition and the observability decomposition for nonlinear ICS. With the help of such structural decompositions, the geometrical characterizations of the reachable set and the indistinguishable set of nonlinear ICS are presented. The corresponding criteria for (strong) accessibility and observability of nonlinear ICS are obtained. For a special class of linear ICS, we show that the strong accessibility is equivalent to the controllability. Finally, examples illustrate the effectiveness of the main theoretical results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 106176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144519191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Output feedback stabilization of an ODE-heat cascade system by neural operator approximations","authors":"Yu-Chen Jiang, Jun-Min Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we consider the output feedback stabilization of an ordinary differential equation (ODE)-heat cascade system with a variable coefficient reaction term. We design the boundary feedback controller by backstepping method, where the control design is accelerated by neural operators. For backstepping kernel functions involving spatial variables, it is difficult to obtain the analytical solutions and time-consuming to compute the numerical solutions. In order to solve this problem, we use neural operator learning framework to accelerate the generation of approximate kernel functions, and then obtain the feedback controller. Specifically, we give the continuity and boundedness of the kernel partial differential equations (PDEs) and establish the nonlinear mapping of the reaction coefficient to the kernel functions. Through DeepONet approximation of nonlinear operator, we prove the existence of kernel PDEs under DeepONet arbitrary accuracy approximation. Then we design the DeepONet-approximated observer and output feedback controller, and demonstrate the output feedback stability of the closed-loop system under DeepONet approximations. Numerical simulations verify the effectiveness of the controller and illustrate that this method is two orders of magnitude faster than PDE solvers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 106173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144519192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On discrete-time bilinear systems: Constant disturbances enhancing controllability","authors":"Lingxiang Cheng , Lin Tie","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disturbances often influence the properties of control systems, which need to be avoided or dealt with by methods of, for instance, robust control and sliding mode control. Whether disturbances destroy controllability of control systems is an important issue. For linear systems, it can be proved that disturbances do not influence controllability. However, for nonlinear systems, it is shown in this paper that disturbances may not destroy controllability but may even enhance it. More specifically, discrete-time commutative bilinear systems are first considered, and it is proved that such uncontrollable systems can be controllable when disturbances appear in the dynamics. Algebraic as well as geometric criteria for controllability of the discrete-time commutative bilinear systems with disturbances are derived, which are both necessary and sufficient conditions. Moreover, an algorithm for computing the required control inputs to achieve state transitions is also proposed. Finally, controllability of general discrete-time bilinear systems with disturbances is studied, which further demonstrates our observation on disturbances enhancing controllability. Examples are provided to illustrate the obtained algebraic controllability criteria and algorithm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 106172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144513948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distributed nonlinear algorithms for building chain formations by fully homogeneous multi-agent teams, with establishing informational connectivity","authors":"P.A. Konovalov, A.S. Matveev","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A fully homogeneous team of an unknown size consists of agents that carry no communication facilities and cannot distinguish among the peers or play distinct roles and so should be subjected to a common control rule. Every agent has access to the relative state of any peer that is within a finite “visibility range” if nothing obscures the view to the peer. Distributed continuous-time computationally cheap nonlinear protocols are offered for (a) self-deployment of the team into nodes of a uniform lattice with a given spacing and (b) for even self-distribution over an unknown interval. These findings are illustrated by design of navigation strategies for cruise control of a platoon of vehicles on a road, for navigation of robotic swarms for dense sweep coverage of corridor environments, and for building a virtual antenna array in 3D by aerial drones. The proposed algorithms are justified by rigorous global convergence results; their performance is confirmed by computer simulation tests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 106143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144513949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On stability guarantees under sampling for retarded nonlinear systems","authors":"Pierdomenico Pepe, Mario Di Ferdinando","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper we deal with sampled-data implementation of Lipschitz on bounded sets global asymptotic stabilizers for retarded nonlinear systems, described by Lipschitz on bounded sets functions. We show, with no particular assumption nor requiring exhibition of any Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, that fast sampling always ensures stabilization in the sample-and-hold sense. That is, for any ball of the origin of initial states and for any final target ball of the origin, there exists a suitably small sampling period such that all solutions starting in the former ball are driven into the latter one, with uniform overshoot and uniform settling time. Global asymptotic and locally exponentially stabilizers are also investigated, showing in this case semi-global uniform convergence to the origin under fast sampling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 106171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Practical prescribed/prescribed time stabilization via event-triggered impulsive control with actuation delays","authors":"Arnab Mapui, Santwana Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present work investigates the problem of practical prescribed / prescribed-time stabilization of nonlinear systems by virtue of event-triggered impulsive control with actuation delays. Two event-triggering mechanisms <span><math><mfenced><mrow><mi>E</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow></mfenced></math></span> based on continuous event detection are put forward in this context. In both cases, impulse control inputs are updated after a specific time, known as actuation delays, to the event-triggering instants. Lyapunov-like sufficient conditions are proposed to achieve practical prescribed/prescribed-time stability of impulse-controlled systems with actuation delays corresponding to the designed first and second <span><math><mrow><mi>E</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow></math></span>, respectively. Moreover, both of the proposed <span><math><mrow><mi>E</mi><mi>T</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow></math></span> is free from Zeno behavior. Furthermore, two examples are considered and corresponding numerical simulations are performed to convey and validate the efficacy of the proposed theoretical results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 106149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Feedback stabilizability of cyber–physical systems for stochastic linear-quadratic control of sampled-data systems","authors":"Lirong Huang, Yinhe Wang, Hanjun Xie, Peixuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feedback stabilizability plays a pivotal role in stochastic linear-quadratic (SLQ) control problems in infinite horizon. A key question how to preserve the feedback stabilizability of the stochastic differential equation (where both the drift and diffusion contain control) in the sampled-data system naturally arises when the control law is discretized and implemented on a sampler and zero-order-hold device, which, however, has been seldom addressed. Sampled-data control systems are a typical class of cyber–physical systems (CPS). To address this key question, we establish a CPS theory for feedback stabilizability of sampled-data stochastic systems. Based on the feedback stabilizability, we further develop the CPS theory for stochastic <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>∞</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> control of sampled-data systems. Applying the CPS theory, we propose useful <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>∞</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> control design methods for sampled-data stochastic systems. Numerical examples are conducted to verify the effectiveness of our proposed methods. By our CPS theory, we initiate the study of SLQ problems for sampled-data systems, which evokes many interesting questions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 106168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Observer-based H∞ fault-tolerant control for stochastic parabolic systems","authors":"Yunzhu Wang , Kai-Ning Wu , Yongxin Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes an observer-based <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>∞</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> fault-tolerant controller for a class of stochastic parabolic systems (SPSs) subject to actuator failures. An augmented SPS that includes both the state vector and the error vector is given. The coupling difficulty between faults and system states is solved by using matrix decompositions and inequality techniques. The designed observer-based controller ensures that the SPSs achieve the mean square finite horizon <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>∞</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> performance. Finally, a simulation of CPU chip thermal fault is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 106170"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recursive projection-free identification with binary-valued observations","authors":"Tianning Han , Ying Wang , Yanlong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper is concerned with parameter identification problem for finite impulse response (FIR) systems with binary-valued observations under low computational complexity. Most of the existing algorithms under binary-valued observations rely on projection operators, which leads to a high computational complexity of much higher than <span><math><mrow><mi>O</mi><mfenced><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></mfenced></mrow></math></span>. In response, this paper introduces a recursive projection-free identification algorithm that incorporates a specialized cut-off coefficient to fully utilize prior information, thereby eliminating the need for projection operators. The algorithm is proved to be mean square and almost surely convergent. Furthermore, to better leverage prior information, an adaptive accelerated coefficient is introduced, resulting in a mean square convergence rate of <span><math><mrow><mi>O</mi><mfenced><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></mfrac></mrow></mfenced></mrow></math></span>, which matches the convergence rate with accurate observations. Inspired by the structure of the Cram<span><math><mover><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>́</mo></mrow></mover></math></span>r–Rao lower bound, the algorithm can be extended to an information-matrix projection-free algorithm by designing adaptive weight coefficients. This extension is proved to be asymptotically efficient for first-order FIR systems, with simulations indicating similar results for high-order FIR systems. Finally, numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the main results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 106162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}