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Is working memory domain-general or domain-specific? 工作记忆是领域通用的还是领域特定的？
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.06.006
Nazbanou Nozari, Randi C Martin
{"title":"Is working memory domain-general or domain-specific?","authors":"Nazbanou Nozari, Randi C Martin","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given the fundamental role of working memory (WM) in all domains of cognition, a central question has been whether WM is domain-general. However, the term 'domain-general' has been used in different, and sometimes misleading, ways. By reviewing recent evidence and biologically plausible models of WM, we show that the level of domain-generality varies substantially between three facets of WM: in terms of computations, WM is largely domain-general. In terms of neural correlates, it contains both domain-general and domain-specific elements. Finally, in terms of application, it is mostly domain-specific. This variance encourages a shift of focus towards uncovering domain-general computational principles and away from domain-general approaches to the analysis of individual differences and WM training, favoring newer perspectives, such as training-as-skill-learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1023-1036"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141635176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Minds and markets as complex systems: an emerging approach to cognitive economics. 作为复杂系统的思维与市场：认知经济学的新兴方法。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.07.003
Samuel G B Johnson, Patrick R Schotanus, J A Scott Kelso
{"title":"Minds and markets as complex systems: an emerging approach to cognitive economics.","authors":"Samuel G B Johnson, Patrick R Schotanus, J A Scott Kelso","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive economics is an emerging interdisciplinary field that uses the tools of cognitive science to study economic and social decision-making. Although most strains of cognitive economics share commitments to bridging levels of analysis (cognitive, behavioral, and systems) and embracing interdisciplinary approaches, we review a newer strand of cognitive economic thinking with a further commitment: conceptualizing minds and markets each as complex adaptive systems. We describe three ongoing research programs that strive toward these goals: (i) studying narratives as a cognitive and social representation used to guide decision-making; (ii) building cognitively informed agent-based models; and (iii) understanding markets as an extended mind - the Market Mind Hypothesis - analyzed using the concepts, methods, and tools of Coordination Dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1037-1050"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Magic for the blind: are auditory tricks impossible? 盲人魔术：听觉魔术是不可能的吗？
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.001
Gustav Kuhn, Tyler Gibgot, Cyril Thomas, Vebjørn Ekroll
{"title":"Magic for the blind: are auditory tricks impossible?","authors":"Gustav Kuhn, Tyler Gibgot, Cyril Thomas, Vebjørn Ekroll","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many magic tricks rely solely on vision, but there are few, if any, that rely on auditory perception alone. Here, we question why this is so and argue that research focusing on this issue could provide deeper theoretical insights into the similarities and differences between our senses.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"971-973"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Testing the unit of working memory manipulation. 测试工作记忆操作单元
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.008
Liqiang Huang
{"title":"Testing the unit of working memory manipulation.","authors":"Liqiang Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ji et al. investigated the unit of working memory manipulation. Participants were asked to update either the color or location of memorized information. Task difficulty depended on the number of Boolean maps involved, rather than the number of objects, suggesting that Boolean maps, not objects, are the units of manipulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"969-970"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The forgotten body: the emergence of conscious experiences in early life. 被遗忘的身体：生命早期有意识经验的出现。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.06.009
Anna Ciaunica
{"title":"The forgotten body: the emergence of conscious experiences in early life.","authors":"Anna Ciaunica","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"967-968"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Learning by thinking in natural and artificial minds. 通过自然思维和人工思维学习。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.07.007
Tania Lombrozo
{"title":"Learning by thinking in natural and artificial minds.","authors":"Tania Lombrozo","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canonical cases of learning involve novel observations external to the mind, but learning can also occur through mental processes such as explaining to oneself, mental simulation, analogical comparison, and reasoning. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) reveal that such learning is not restricted to human minds: artificial minds can also self-correct and arrive at new conclusions by engaging in processes of 'learning by thinking' (LbT). How can elements already in the mind generate new knowledge? This article aims to resolve this paradox, and in so doing highlights an important feature of natural and artificial minds - to navigate uncertain environments with variable goals, minds with limited resources must construct knowledge representations 'on demand'. LbT supports this construction.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1011-1022"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Response to Goddu et al.: new ways of characterizing and acquiring knowledge. 对 Goddu 等人的回应：描述和获取知识的新方法。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.08.004
Ilker Yildirim, L A Paul
{"title":"Response to Goddu et al.: new ways of characterizing and acquiring knowledge.","authors":"Ilker Yildirim, L A Paul","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"965-966"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
LLMs don't know anything: reply to Yildirim and Paul. 法学硕士什么都不懂：回复 Yildirim 和 Paul。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.06.008
Mariel K Goddu, Alva Noë, Evan Thompson
{"title":"LLMs don't know anything: reply to Yildirim and Paul.","authors":"Mariel K Goddu, Alva Noë, Evan Thompson","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"963-964"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thought for food: the endothermic brain hypothesis. 为食物而思考：大脑内热假说。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.08.002
Mathias Osvath, Pavel Němec, Stephen L Brusatte, Lawrence M Witmer
{"title":"Thought for food: the endothermic brain hypothesis.","authors":"Mathias Osvath, Pavel Němec, Stephen L Brusatte, Lawrence M Witmer","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The evolution of whole-body endothermy occurred independently in dinosaurs and mammals and was associated with some of the most significant neurocognitive shifts in life's history. These included a 20-fold increase in neurons and the evolution of new brain structures, supporting similar functions in both lineages. We propose the endothermic brain hypothesis, which holds that elaborations in endotherm brains were geared towards increasing caloric intake through efficient foraging. The hypothesis is grounded in the intrinsic coupling of cognition and organismic self-maintenance. We argue that coevolution of increased metabolism and new forms of cognition should be jointly investigated in comparative studies of behaviors and brain anatomy, along with studies of fossil species. We suggest avenues for such research and highlight critical open questions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"998-1010"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bilingualism modifies cognition through adaptation, not transfer. 双语通过适应而非迁移改变认知。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.07.012
Ellen Bialystok
{"title":"Bilingualism modifies cognition through adaptation, not transfer.","authors":"Ellen Bialystok","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.07.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The standard explanation for bilingual effects on cognition is that an aspect of language processing transfers to nonverbal cognitive performance, leading to improvements in executive functioning. However, much evidence is incompatible with that view, and transfer across those domains seems unlikely. The present argument is that bilingual experience modifies cognition through an adaptation to the underlying attention system, making attention more efficient. 'Transfer' focuses on the overlap of specific processes, so task similarity predicts outcomes. By contrast, 'adaptation' focuses on recruitment of the modified resource, so the degree of attention required predicts outcome. In this view, bilinguals require less attentional effort than monolinguals for similar levels of performance, and outperform monolinguals on tasks with high attention demands regardless of task similarity.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"987-997"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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