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Physically activated modes of attentional control. 物理激活的注意力控制模式。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.006
Barry Giesbrecht, Tom Bullock, Jordan Garrett
{"title":"Physically activated modes of attentional control.","authors":"Barry Giesbrecht, Tom Bullock, Jordan Garrett","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As we navigate through the day, our attentional control processes are constantly challenged by changing sensory information, goals, expectations, and motivations. At the same time, our bodies and brains are impacted by changes in global physiological state that can influence attentional processes. Based on converging lines of evidence from brain recordings in physically active humans and nonhumans, we propose a new framework incorporating at least two physically activated modes of attentional control in humans: altered gain control and differential neuromodulation of control networks. We discuss the implications of this framework for understanding a broader range of states and cognitive functions studied both in the laboratory and in the wild.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of alpha oscillations in resisting distraction. 阿尔法振荡在抵制分心中的作用。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.004
Mathilde Bonnefond, Ole Jensen
{"title":"The role of alpha oscillations in resisting distraction.","authors":"Mathilde Bonnefond, Ole Jensen","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of alpha oscillations (8-13 Hz) in suppressing distractors is extensively debated. One debate concerns whether alpha oscillations suppress anticipated visual distractors through increased power. Whereas some studies suggest that alpha oscillations support distractor suppression, others do not. We identify methodological differences that may explain these discrepancies. A second debate concerns the mechanistic role of alpha oscillations. We and others previously proposed that alpha oscillations implement gain reduction in early visual regions when target load or distractor interference is high. Here, we suggest that parietal alpha oscillations support gating or stabilization of attentional focus and that alpha oscillations in ventral attention network (VAN) support resistance to attention capture. We outline future studies needed to uncover the precise mechanistic role of alpha oscillations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Memory updating and the structure of event representations. 记忆更新与事件表示结构。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.008
Christopher N Wahlheim, Jeffrey M Zacks
{"title":"Memory updating and the structure of event representations.","authors":"Christopher N Wahlheim, Jeffrey M Zacks","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People form memories of specific events and use those memories to make predictions about similar new experiences. Living in a dynamic environment presents a challenge: How does one represent valid prior events in memory while encoding new experiences when things change? There is evidence for two seemingly contradictory classes of mechanism: One differentiates outdated event features by making them less similar or less accessible than updated event features. The other integrates updated features of new events with outdated memories, and the relationship between them, into a structured representation. Integrative encoding may occur when changed events trigger inaccurate predictions based on remembered prior events. We propose that this promotes subsequent recollection of events and their order, enabling adaptation to environmental changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Models of human hippocampal specialization: a look at the electrophysiological evidence. 人类海马特化模型：电生理学证据综述。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.009
Anne Freelin, Cody Wolfe, Bradley Lega
{"title":"Models of human hippocampal specialization: a look at the electrophysiological evidence.","authors":"Anne Freelin, Cody Wolfe, Bradley Lega","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>From an anatomical perspective, the concept that the anterior and posterior hippocampus fulfill distinct cognitive roles may seem unsurprising. When compared with the posterior hippocampus, the anterior region is proportionally larger, with visible expansion of the CA1 subfield and intimate continuity with adjacent medial temporal lobe (MTL) structures such as the uncus and amygdala. However, the functional relevance emerging from these anatomical differences remains to be established in humans. Drawing on both rodent and human data, several models of hippocampal longitudinal specialization have been proposed. For the brevity and clarity of this review, we focus on human electrophysiological evidence supporting and contravening these models with limited inclusion of noninvasive data. We then synthesize these data to propose a novel longitudinal model based on the amount of contextual information, drawing on previous conceptions described within the past decade.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Classroom-based learning dynamics: the role of interbrain synchrony. 课堂学习动力：脑间同步的作用。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.003
Vanessa Reindl, Kerstin Konrad, Kenneth K Poon, Victoria Leong
{"title":"Classroom-based learning dynamics: the role of interbrain synchrony.","authors":"Vanessa Reindl, Kerstin Konrad, Kenneth K Poon, Victoria Leong","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Classroom learning occurs within a multidimensional context of inter-related neurocognitive, motivational, and socioemotional processes. Multisubject approaches in neuroscience are poised to capture these dynamics using multimodal, time-resolved, and nonlinear methodologies and may help us identify the factors that facilitate or impede learning in such highly complex and social environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1063-1065"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When visual metacognition fails: widespread anosognosia for visual deficits. 当视觉元认知失效时：对视觉缺陷的普遍认知不足。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.003
Matthias Michel, Yi Gao, Matan Mazor, Isaiah Kletenik, Dobromir Rahnev
{"title":"When visual metacognition fails: widespread anosognosia for visual deficits.","authors":"Matthias Michel, Yi Gao, Matan Mazor, Isaiah Kletenik, Dobromir Rahnev","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anosognosia for visual deficits - cases where significant visual deficits go unnoticed - challenges the view that our own conscious experiences are what we know best. We review these widespread and striking failures of awareness. Anosognosia can occur with total blindness, visual abnormalities induced by brain lesions, and eye diseases. We show that anosognosia for visual deficits is surprisingly widespread. Building on previous accounts, we introduce a framework showing how apparently disparate forms of anosognosia fit together. The central idea is that, to notice a deficit, individuals need to form expectations about normal vision, compare expectations and visual input, and judge any mismatch at the metacognitive level. A failure in any of these three steps may lead to unawareness of visual deficits.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1066-1077"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Dimensions of dimensionality. 维度的维度。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.07.005
Brett D Roads, Bradley C Love
{"title":"The Dimensions of dimensionality.","authors":"Brett D Roads, Bradley C Love","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognitive scientists often infer multidimensional representations from data. Whether the data involve text, neuroimaging, neural networks, or human judgments, researchers frequently infer and analyze latent representational spaces (i.e., embeddings). However, the properties of a latent representation (e.g., prediction performance, interpretability, compactness) depend on the inference procedure, which can vary widely across endeavors. For example, dimensions are not always globally interpretable and the dimensionality of different embeddings may not be readily comparable. Moreover, the dichotomy between multidimensional spaces and purportedly richer representational formats, such as graph representations, is misleading. We review what the different notions of dimension in cognitive science imply for how these latent representations should be used and interpreted.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1118-1131"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141996767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Large language models (LLMs) and the institutionalization of misinformation. 大型语言模型（LLM）与错误信息的制度化。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.08.007
Maryanne Garry, Way Ming Chan, Jeffrey Foster, Linda A Henkel
{"title":"Large language models (LLMs) and the institutionalization of misinformation.","authors":"Maryanne Garry, Way Ming Chan, Jeffrey Foster, Linda A Henkel","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, flood the Internet with true and false information, crafted and delivered with techniques that psychological science suggests will encourage people to think that information is true. What's more, as people feed this misinformation back into the Internet, emerging LLMs will adopt it and feed it back in other models. Such a scenario means we could lose access to information that helps us tell what is real from unreal - to do 'reality monitoring.' If that happens, misinformation will be the new foundation we use to plan, to make decisions, and to vote. We will lose trust in our institutions and each other.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1078-1088"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142407098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New strategies for the cognitive science of dreaming. 做梦认知科学的新策略。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.004
Remington Mallett, Karen R Konkoly, Tore Nielsen, Michelle Carr, Ken A Paller
{"title":"New strategies for the cognitive science of dreaming.","authors":"Remington Mallett, Karen R Konkoly, Tore Nielsen, Michelle Carr, Ken A Paller","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dreams have long captivated human curiosity, but empirical research in this area has faced significant methodological challenges. Recent interdisciplinary advances have now opened up new opportunities for studying dreams. This review synthesizes these advances into three methodological frameworks and describes how they overcome historical barriers in dream research. First, with observable dreaming, neural decoding and real-time reporting offer more direct measures of dream content. Second, with dream engineering, targeted stimulation and lucidity provide routes to experimentally manipulate dream content. Third, with computational dream analysis, the generation and exploration of large dream-report databases offer powerful avenues to identify patterns in dream content. By enabling researchers to systematically observe, engineer, and analyze dreams, these innovations herald a new era in dream science.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1105-1117"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11623913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Can individual differences explain brain plasticity in blindness? 个体差异能否解释失明的大脑可塑性？
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.016
Ella Striem-Amit
{"title":"Can individual differences explain brain plasticity in blindness?","authors":"Ella Striem-Amit","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Explaining brain plasticity in blindness is challenging because the early visual cortex (EVC) responds to many different tasks, each type supporting a different explanation. Can individual differences help unify the experimental findings into a coherent theory and clarify the nature of brain plasticity?</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1059-1062"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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