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How sharp is the compassion-sympathy distinction? 同情与怜悯的区别有多大？
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.08.006
Amrisha Vaish, Tobias Grossmann
{"title":"How sharp is the compassion-sympathy distinction?","authors":"Amrisha Vaish, Tobias Grossmann","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1051-1052"},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anxiety involves altered planning. 焦虑会改变计划。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.001
Paul B Sharp
{"title":"Anxiety involves altered planning.","authors":"Paul B Sharp","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinicians have suggested but not shown how anxiety involves altered planning. Here, I synthesize and extend computational models of planning in a framework that can be used to explain planning biases in anxiety. To spur its development, I spotlight two of its promising areas: task construal and meta-control.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142741190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Global brain asymmetry. 全球大脑不对称。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.008
Yi Pu, Clyde Francks, Xiang-Zhen Kong
{"title":"Global brain asymmetry.","authors":"Yi Pu, Clyde Francks, Xiang-Zhen Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lateralization is a defining characteristic of the human brain, often studied through localized approaches that focus on interhemispheric differences between homologous pairs of regions. It is also important to emphasize an integrative perspective of global brain asymmetry, in which hemispheric differences are understood through global patterns across the entire brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cognitive maps and schizophrenia. 认知地图与精神分裂症
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.011
Matthew M Nour, Yunzhe Liu, Mohamady El-Gaby, Robert A McCutcheon, Raymond J Dolan
{"title":"Cognitive maps and schizophrenia.","authors":"Matthew M Nour, Yunzhe Liu, Mohamady El-Gaby, Robert A McCutcheon, Raymond J Dolan","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Structured internal representations ('cognitive maps') shape cognition, from imagining the future and counterfactual past, to transferring knowledge to new settings. Our understanding of how such representations are formed and maintained in biological and artificial neural networks has grown enormously. The cognitive mapping hypothesis of schizophrenia extends this enquiry to psychiatry, proposing that diverse symptoms - from delusions to conceptual disorganization - stem from abnormalities in how the brain forms structured representations. These abnormalities may arise from a confluence of neurophysiological perturbations (excitation-inhibition imbalance, resulting in attractor instability and impaired representational capacity) and/or environmental factors such as early life psychosocial stressors (which impinge on representation learning). This proposal thus links knowledge of neural circuit abnormalities, environmental risk factors, and symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Executive control fluctuations underlie behavioral variability in anthropoids. 执行控制波动是猿类行为可变性的基础。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.012
Farshad A Mansouri, Rogier A Kievit, Mark J Buckley
{"title":"Executive control fluctuations underlie behavioral variability in anthropoids.","authors":"Farshad A Mansouri, Rogier A Kievit, Mark J Buckley","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In complex tasks requiring cognitive control, humans show trial-by-trial alterations in response time (RT), which are evident even when sensory-motor or other contextual aspects of the task remain stable. Exaggerated intra-individual RT variability is associated with brain injuries and frequently seen in aging and neuropsychological disorders. In this opinion, we discuss recent electrophysiology and imaging studies in humans and neurobiological studies in monkeys that indicate RT variability is linked with executive control fluctuation and that prefrontal cortical regions play essential, but dissociable, roles in such fluctuation of control and the resulting behavioral variability. We conclude by discussing emerging models proposing that both extremes of behavioral variability (significantly higher or lower) might reflect aberrant alterations in various aspects of decision-making processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A sequence bottleneck for animal intelligence and language? 动物智力和语言的序列瓶颈？
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.009
Johan Lind, Anna Jon-And
{"title":"A sequence bottleneck for animal intelligence and language?","authors":"Johan Lind, Anna Jon-And","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We discuss recent findings suggesting that non-human animals lack memory for stimulus sequences, and therefore do not represent the order of stimuli faithfully. These observations have far-reaching consequences for animal cognition, neuroscience, and studies of the evolution of language and culture. This is because, if non-human animals do not remember or process information about order faithfully, then it is unlikely that non-human animals perform mental simulations, construct mental world models, have episodic memory, or transmit culture faithfully. If this suggested sequence bottleneck proves to be a prevalent characteristic of animal memory systems, as suggested by recent work, it would require a re-examination of some influential concepts and ideas.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142631404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Embracing variability in the search for biological mechanisms of psychiatric illness. 在寻找精神病生物学机制的过程中拥抱变异性。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.010
Ashlea Segal, Jeggan Tiego, Linden Parkes, Avram J Holmes, Andre F Marquand, Alex Fornito
{"title":"Embracing variability in the search for biological mechanisms of psychiatric illness.","authors":"Ashlea Segal, Jeggan Tiego, Linden Parkes, Avram J Holmes, Andre F Marquand, Alex Fornito","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite decades of research, we lack objective diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers of mental health problems. A key reason for this limited progress is a reliance on the traditional case-control paradigm, which assumes that each disorder has a single cause that can be uncovered by comparing average phenotypic values of patient and control samples. Here, we discuss the problematic assumptions on which this paradigm is based and highlight recent efforts that seek to characterize, rather than minimize, the inherent clinical and biological variability that underpins psychiatric populations. Embracing such variability is necessary to understand pathophysiological mechanisms and develop more targeted and effective treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dynamic brain plasticity during the transition to motherhood. 向母亲过渡期间大脑的动态可塑性。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.011
Sara Halmans, Milou Straathof, Elseline A Hoekzema
{"title":"Dynamic brain plasticity during the transition to motherhood.","authors":"Sara Halmans, Milou Straathof, Elseline A Hoekzema","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Earlier research has established strong evidence for structural brain changes across pregnancy. Pritschet et al. now enhanced our understanding of pregnancy-induced brain plasticity by following one woman throughout her pregnancy and the postpartum period, revealing insights into the dynamics of grey and white matter alterations across the transition to motherhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding cognitive processes across spatial scales of the brain. 了解大脑跨空间尺度的认知过程。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.009
Hayoung Song, JeongJun Park, Monica D Rosenberg
{"title":"Understanding cognitive processes across spatial scales of the brain.","authors":"Hayoung Song, JeongJun Park, Monica D Rosenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2024.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cognition arises from neural operations at multiple spatial scales, from individual neurons to large-scale networks. Despite extensive research on coding principles and emergent cognitive processes across brain areas, investigation across scales has been limited. Here, we propose ways to test the idea that different cognitive processes emerge from distinct information coding principles at various scales, which collectively give rise to complex behavior. This approach involves comparing brain-behavior associations and the underlying neural geometry across scales, alongside an investigation of global and local scale interactions. Bridging findings across species and techniques through open science and collaborations is essential to comprehensively understand the multiscale brain and its functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Leveraging cognitive neuroscience for making and breaking real-world habits. 利用认知神经科学养成和打破现实世界中的习惯。
IF 16.7 1区 心理学
Trends in Cognitive Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.006
Eike K Buabang, Kelly R Donegan, Parnian Rafei, Claire M Gillan
{"title":"Leveraging cognitive neuroscience for making and breaking real-world habits.","authors":"Eike K Buabang, Kelly R Donegan, Parnian Rafei, Claire M Gillan","doi":"10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Habits are the behavioral output of two brain systems. A stimulus-response (S-R) system that encourages us to efficiently repeat well-practiced actions in familiar settings, and a goal-directed system concerned with flexibility, prospection, and planning. Getting the balance between these systems right is crucial: an imbalance may leave people vulnerable to action slips, impulsive behaviors, and even compulsive behaviors. In this review we examine how recent advances in our understanding of these competing brain mechanisms can be harnessed to increase the control over both making and breaking habits. We discuss applications in everyday life, as well as validated and emergent interventions for clinical populations affected by the balance between these systems. As research in this area accelerates, we anticipate a rapid influx of new insights into intentional behavioral change and clinical interventions, including new opportunities for personalization of these interventions based on the neurobiology, environmental context, and personal preferences of an individual.</p>","PeriodicalId":49417,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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