Transportmetrica最新文献_第4页

Activity-travel behaviour analysis for universal mobility design 通用机动性设计的活动-出行行为分析

Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2012-03-29 DOI: 10.1080/18128602.2010.539412

Junyi Zhang, H. Timmermans

引用次数: 8

Modelling heterogeneous drivers’ responses to route guidance and parking information systems in stochastic and time-dependent networks 随机时变网络中异质驾驶员对路线引导和停车信息系统的响应建模

Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2012-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600903568570

Zhi-Chun Li, Haijun Huang, W. Lam

{"title":"Modelling heterogeneous drivers’ responses to route guidance and parking information systems in stochastic and time-dependent networks","authors":"Zhi-Chun Li, Haijun Huang, W. Lam","doi":"10.1080/18128600903568570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600903568570","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced Traveller Information Systems (ATIS) are generally expected to be efficient in reducing travel time and parking search time uncertainties. This article presents a mixed-behaviour multi-class equilibrium model for investigating heterogeneous drivers’ responses to route guidance and parking information systems in stochastic and time-dependent networks. The proposed model simultaneously considers the drivers’ choices of departure time, route and parking location under network uncertainty. All drivers are differentiated by their values of time and values of reliability, and each class of them is further divided into two groups, equipped and unequipped with ATIS, respectively. Suppose that the equipped drivers can predict travel disutility more accurately than the unequipped ones due to the information services provided by ATIS. The model is formulated as a fixed-point problem and is solved by a heuristic solution algorithm via a combination of the Monte Carlo simulation approach and the method of successive averages. The effectiveness of the modelling framework is illustrated by a numerical example and some new insights about the complex travel and parking behaviour under ATIS are obtained.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"8 1","pages":"105 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600903568570","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59925518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

Empirical Bayes method in the study of traffic safety via heterogeneous negative multinomial model 经验贝叶斯方法在交通安全研究中的异质负多项模型

Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2012-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128601003680976

Kangwon Shin, S. Washington

{"title":"Empirical Bayes method in the study of traffic safety via heterogeneous negative multinomial model","authors":"Kangwon Shin, S. Washington","doi":"10.1080/18128601003680976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128601003680976","url":null,"abstract":"In the study of traffic safety, expected crash frequencies across sites are generally estimated via the negative binomial model, assuming time invariant safety. Since the time invariant safety assumption may be invalid, Hauer (1997) proposed a modified empirical Bayes (EB) method. Despite the modification, no attempts have been made to examine the generalisable form of the marginal distribution resulting from the modified EB framework. Because the hyper-parameters needed to apply the modified EB method are not readily available, an assessment is lacking on how accurately the modified EB method estimates safety in the presence of the time variant safety and regression-to-the-mean (RTM) effects. This study derives the closed form marginal distribution, and reveals that the marginal distribution in the modified EB method is equivalent to the negative multinomial (NM) distribution, which is essentially the same as the likelihood function used in the random effects Poisson model. As a result, this study shows that the gamma posterior distribution from the multivariate Poisson–gamma mixture can be estimated using the NM model or the random effects Poisson model. This study also shows that the estimation errors from the modified EB method are systematically smaller than those from the comparison group method by simultaneously accounting for the RTM and time variant safety effects. Hence, the modified EB method via the NM model is a generalisable method for estimating safety in the presence of the time variant safety and the RTM effects.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"8 1","pages":"131 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128601003680976","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59925190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Real-time estimation of arterial travel time under congested conditions 拥堵条件下动脉行驶时间的实时估计

Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2012-03-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600903502298

Henry X. Liu, Wenteng Ma, Xinkai Wu, Heng Hu

{"title":"Real-time estimation of arterial travel time under congested conditions","authors":"Henry X. Liu, Wenteng Ma, Xinkai Wu, Heng Hu","doi":"10.1080/18128600903502298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600903502298","url":null,"abstract":"It is well-known that accurate estimation of arterial travel time on signalised arterials is not an easy task because of the periodic disruption on traffic flow by signal lights. It becomes even more difficult when the signal links are congested with long queues because under such situations the queue length cannot be estimated using the traditional cumulative input–output curves. In this article, we extend the virtual probe model previously proposed by the authors to estimate arterial travel time with congested links. Specifically, we introduce a new queue length estimation method that can handle long queues. The queue length defined in this article includes both the standing queue, i.e. the motionless stacked vehicles behind the stop line, and the moving queue, i.e. those vehicles joining the discharging traffic after the last vehicle in the standing queue starts to move. The moving queue concept is important for the virtual probe method because moving queue also influences the manoeuvre behaviour of a virtual probe. We show that, using the ‘event’ data (including both time-stamped signal phase changes and vehicle-detector actuations) collected from traffic signal systems, time-dependent queue length (including both standing queue and moving queue) can be derived by examining the changes in an advance detector's occupancy profile within a cycle. The effectiveness of the improved virtual probe model for estimating arterial travel time under congested conditions is demonstrated through a field study at an 11-intersection corridor along France Avenue in Minneapolis, MN.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"8 1","pages":"104 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600903502298","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59925461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 40

An empirical study on the transaction sector within rail firms 铁路企业交易部门的实证研究

Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128601003674235

R. Merkert

引用次数: 18

C-logit stochastic user equilibrium model: formulations and solution algorithm C-logit随机用户均衡模型:公式和求解算法

Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600903489629

Zhong Zhou, A. Chen, S. Bekhor

{"title":"C-logit stochastic user equilibrium model: formulations and solution algorithm","authors":"Zhong Zhou, A. Chen, S. Bekhor","doi":"10.1080/18128600903489629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600903489629","url":null,"abstract":"This article considers the stochastic user equilibrium (SUE) problem with the route choice model based on the C-logit function. The C-logit model has a simple closed-form analytical probability expression and requires relatively lower calibration efforts and represents a more realistic route choice behaviour compared with the multinomial logit model. This article proposes two versions of the C-logit SUE model that captures the route similarity using different attributes in the commonality factors. The two versions differ with respect to the independence assumption between cost and flow. The corresponding stochastic traffic equilibrium models are called the length-based and congestion-based C-logit SUE models, respectively. To formulate the length-based C-logit SUE model, an equivalent mathematical programming formulation is proposed. For the congestion-based C-logit SUE model, we provide two equivalent variational inequality formulations. To solve the proposed formulations, a new self-adaptive gradient projection algorithm is developed. The proposed formulations and new solution algorithm are tested in two well-known networks. Numerical results demonstrate the validity of the formulations and solution algorithm.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"8 1","pages":"17 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600903489629","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59925399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 147

Application of gas-kinetic theory to modelling mixed traffic of manual and ACC vehicles 气体动力学理论在手动和自动驾驶混合交通建模中的应用

Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600903578843

D. Ngoduy

{"title":"Application of gas-kinetic theory to modelling mixed traffic of manual and ACC vehicles","authors":"D. Ngoduy","doi":"10.1080/18128600903578843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600903578843","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we propose an extended multiclass gas-kinetic theory applicable to mixed traffic flow of manual and adaptive cruise control (ACC) vehicles. In the model, the acceleration/deceleration of ACC vehicles is specified explicitly using microscopic models. The macroscopic multiclass traffic equations are obtained from the proposed gas-kinetic model using the well-known method of moments. The influencing conditions to traffic flow stability with respect to a small perturbation are derived by the linear stability method. The analytical results show that ACC vehicles contribute to the improved stabilisation of traffic flow. The numerical simulations of our developed multiclass macroscopic model on a circular freeway support our analytical findings and indicate that increasing the penetration of ACC vehicles results in more stable traffic flow. Simulations of merging flows at an on-ramp in an open freeway are carried out to describe the effects of the penetration of ACC vehicles on the bottleneck capacity. It is found that around 30% ACC vehicles in traffic flow leads to significantly increased capacity and reduced travel time. We argue that, together with other microscopic models, our model provides a wider picture of the effects of ACC vehicles on traffic flow characteristics.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"8 1","pages":"43 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600903578843","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59925581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 82

Hybrid predictive control strategy for a public transport system with uncertain demand 需求不确定的公共交通系统混合预测控制策略

Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128601003615535

D. Śaez, C. Cortés, F. Milla, A. Núñez, Alejandro Tirachini, Marcela Riquelme

{"title":"Hybrid predictive control strategy for a public transport system with uncertain demand","authors":"D. Śaez, C. Cortés, F. Milla, A. Núñez, Alejandro Tirachini, Marcela Riquelme","doi":"10.1080/18128601003615535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128601003615535","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a hybrid predictive control (HPC) strategy is formulated for the real-time optimisation of a public transport system operation run using buses. For this problem, the hybrid predictive controller corresponds to the bus dispatcher, who dynamically provides the optimal control actions to the bus system to minimise users’ total travel time (on-vehicle ride time plus waiting time at stops). The HPC framework includes a dynamic objective function and a predictive model of the bus system, written in discrete time, where events are triggered when a bus arrives at a bus stop. Upon these events, the HPC controller makes decisions based on two well-known real-time transit control actions, holding and expressing. Additionally, the uncertain passenger demand is included in the model as a disturbance and then predicted based on both offline and online information of passenger behaviour. The resulting optimisation problem of the HPC strategy at every event is Np-hard and needs an efficient algorithm to solve it in terms of computation time and accuracy. We chose an ad hoc implementation of a Genetic Algorithm that permits the proper management of the trade-off between these two aspects. For real-time implementation, the design of this HPC strategy considers newly available transport technology such as the availability of automatic passenger counters (APCs) and automatic vehicle location (AVL) devices. Illustrative simulations at 2, 5 and 10 steps ahead are conducted, and promising results showing the advantages of the real-time control schemes are reported and discussed.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"8 1","pages":"61 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128601003615535","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59925590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 95

Highway infrastructure and private output: evidence from static and dynamic production function models 公路基础设施和私人产出:来自静态和动态生产函数模型的证据

Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2011-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600903479638

P. Jiwattanakulpaisarn, R. Noland, D. Graham

引用次数: 23

An integrated simulation-based fuzzy logic model for real-time traffic signal control 基于集成仿真的交通信号实时控制模糊逻辑模型

Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2011-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600903427645

Y. Hawas

引用次数: 20