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USING CHOICE SETS FOR ESTIMATION AND PREDICTION IN ROUTE CHOICE 在路线选择中使用选择集进行估计和预测
Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600808685686
R. Van Nes, S. Hoogendoorn-Lanser, F. Koppelman
{"title":"USING CHOICE SETS FOR ESTIMATION AND PREDICTION IN ROUTE CHOICE","authors":"R. Van Nes, S. Hoogendoorn-Lanser, F. Koppelman","doi":"10.1080/18128600808685686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600808685686","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the relationships between choice set types and analysis purpose, especially estimation and prediction. The choice set types considered are generated objective choice sets and observed subjective choice sets. While for estimation purposes subjective choice sets might be preferred, although objective choice sets might have benefits as well, objective choice sets appear to be most suitable for prediction purposes. Empirical analysis of choice sets for multi-modal inter-urban train trips shows clear distinction between choice models estimated using objective choice sets and using subjective choice sets. Applying these choice models for prediction shows that choice models based on subjective choice sets have a poorer performance when applied to objective sets than vice versa. As a result it is recommended to use objective choice sets for both estimation and prediction purposes.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"4 1","pages":"83 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600808685686","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60523902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
MODELING AIR PASSENGER TRAVEL BEHAVIOR ON AIRPORT GROUND ACCESS MODE CHOICES 基于机场地面通道选择的航空旅客出行行为建模
Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600808685685
M. Tam, W. Lam, H. Lo
{"title":"MODELING AIR PASSENGER TRAVEL BEHAVIOR ON AIRPORT GROUND ACCESS MODE CHOICES","authors":"M. Tam, W. Lam, H. Lo","doi":"10.1080/18128600808685685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600808685685","url":null,"abstract":"When considering mode choice criterion, departing air passengers allow a period of time, additional to the time allowance predicted for their ground access to airports. This additional time is commonly known as a “safety margin”. The safety margin allowance increases the possibility of arriving at the airport no later than passengers' preferred arrival times. This study is the first to assess the magnitude of safety margin allowed for airport ground access trips. With the use of revealed preference survey data, the effects of safety margin allowances on ground access mode choices to Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) are quantified by a multinomial logit-type mode choice model. The model results indicated that, when compared to non-business air passengers, business air passengers place a significantly higher value on both travel time and safety margin for their ground access to HKIA. The findings of this study provide valuable information to various transport operators for their design and improvement on airport related traffic.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"4 1","pages":"135 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600808685685","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60523984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 89
EFFICIENCY LOSS OF PRIVATE ROAD WITH CONTINUOUSLY DISTRIBUTED VALUE-OF-TIME 时间价值连续分布的私人道路效率损失
Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600808685679
F. Xiao, Hai Yang
{"title":"EFFICIENCY LOSS OF PRIVATE ROAD WITH CONTINUOUSLY DISTRIBUTED VALUE-OF-TIME","authors":"F. Xiao, Hai Yang","doi":"10.1080/18128600808685679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600808685679","url":null,"abstract":"As commercial and private provision of roads was used to finance modern road systems, many intriguing issues have emerged, such as the strategy of a private firm in determining road supply and pricing in a network and, more importantly, the resulting inefficiency when profit-oriented behavior substitutes for government regulation. This paper examines the likely bias of a monopoly market away from the social optimum under the more realistic assumption that each trip-maker has a unique value-of-time (VOT). The efficiency loss and the road capacity and/or toll set by a monopolist are investigated under different kinds of government regulatory regimes. Due to the informational difficulty of accurately valuating the VOT over all the trip-makers, the paper suggests that rate-of-return regulation may have attractive advantages for the regulatory authority.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"4 1","pages":"19 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600808685679","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60523722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
OPERATIONAL EFFECTS OF ACCELERATION LANE ON MAIN TRAFFIC FLOW AT DISCONTINUITIES 不连续处加速车道对主要交通流的运行影响
Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600808685687
D. Ngoduy
{"title":"OPERATIONAL EFFECTS OF ACCELERATION LANE ON MAIN TRAFFIC FLOW AT DISCONTINUITIES","authors":"D. Ngoduy","doi":"10.1080/18128600808685687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600808685687","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies have indicated that on-ramp flow is important in the formation of the stop-and-go traffic flow near the ramp. Several models have been developed to explain the complex phenomena associated with ramps which result in the hysteretic phase transitions. A good understanding of the mechanisms of congestion near on-ramps is very useful for the development of suitable control and highway design measures. To this end, in this paper traffic flow operations on a freeway with an on-ramp are investigated based on a newly developed second order macroscopic model. The proposed model allows to take into account the influences of the acceleration lane length on the flow dynamics of the main carriageway. The main aim of this paper is, therefore, to investigate analytically and numerically the effects of acceleration lane length on traffic flow operations. It is found that different acceleration lane lengths result in various congested traffic states.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"4 1","pages":"195 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600808685687","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60524429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
STOCHASTIC ROUTE CHOICE SET GENERATION: BEHAVIORAL AND PROBABILISTIC FOUNDATIONS 随机路径选择集生成:行为和概率基础
Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600708685672
P. Bovy, Stella Fiorenzo-Catalano
{"title":"STOCHASTIC ROUTE CHOICE SET GENERATION: BEHAVIORAL AND PROBABILISTIC FOUNDATIONS","authors":"P. Bovy, Stella Fiorenzo-Catalano","doi":"10.1080/18128600708685672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600708685672","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the generation of choice sets for the purposes of route choice analysis and flow prediction in uni-modal and multi-modal networks. Ample attention is devoted to the implications for choice set generation of these various purposes. Based on a theory on choice behavior, a new model-based choice set generation approach will be elaborated, called the doubly stochastic choice set generation model, meant for establishing choice sets prior to the choice modeling step. Because of its stochastic principle, a typical property of the proposed generation approach is that the size and composition of the generated choice sets are stochastic variables. We will devote ample attention to these stochastic properties using theoretical derivations and experimental studies. The article reports on the calibration of this generation approach for multi-modal networks and illustrates the approach with a number of predictions in various networks.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"3 1","pages":"173 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600708685672","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60522861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 123
SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES 可持续交通:挑战与机遇
Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600708685668
D. Banister
{"title":"SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES","authors":"D. Banister","doi":"10.1080/18128600708685668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600708685668","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores sustainable transport within the European Union (EU), arguing that a strong sustainable transport definition needs to be used if targets set at Kyoto are to be achieved. The EU strategy is now (2006) based on modal shift, decoupling and technological innovation, weakening the more radical strategy set up in 2001. It seems that expansion of the EU, lower levels of growth, and the possibilities of continuing high costs of oil have resulted in changing priorities, but above all travel demand has continued to grow. The Kyoto targets are becoming much harder to reach. The paper then outlines the three groups of measures that have been promoted, looking at (1) technology and pricing, (2) regulation, taxation and congestion charging, and (3) land use, development and planning, arguing that strong action is required on all three sets of options. Even then, there is an additional requirement, namely the need to gain public acceptability through information, marketing and engagement so that positive outcomes can be matched up with policy intentions. Real progress towards reducing carbon emissions is possible provided that mutually supporting measures are taken, with political commitment to real change and public support for that change.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"3 1","pages":"106 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600708685668","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60522881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 41
EXISTENCE AND UNIQUENESS OF A SOLUTION FOR THE MULTI-CLASS USER EQUILIBRIUM PROBLEM IN A CONTINUUM TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM 连续运输系统中多类用户平衡问题解的存在唯一性
Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600708685671
H. Ho, S. C. Wong, T. D. Hau
{"title":"EXISTENCE AND UNIQUENESS OF A SOLUTION FOR THE MULTI-CLASS USER EQUILIBRIUM PROBLEM IN A CONTINUUM TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM","authors":"H. Ho, S. C. Wong, T. D. Hau","doi":"10.1080/18128600708685671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600708685671","url":null,"abstract":"Consider a city with several facilities competing for multi-class users that are distributed continuously over space. Within the city region, the road network is relatively dense and is considered as a continuum. The demand distribution function is formulated as a logit-type function for modeling the probabilistic choice behavior of facilities for different classes of users. A minimization problem that describes this multi-class and multi-facility choice is set up for finding the user equilibrium flow pattern. This paper aims to study the existence and uniqueness of a solution of this multi-class and multi-facility user equilibrium problem with demand distribution. The assumptions and conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solution are given.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"3 1","pages":"107 - 117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600708685671","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60523271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
SIMULATION USING GIPPS' CAR-FOLLOWING MODEL—AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS 使用gipps的汽车跟随模型进行仿真-深入分析
Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600708685675
I. Spyropoulou
{"title":"SIMULATION USING GIPPS' CAR-FOLLOWING MODEL—AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS","authors":"I. Spyropoulou","doi":"10.1080/18128600708685675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600708685675","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports on an in-depth analysis of the properties of Gipps' car-following model. Certain properties of the model are investigated and the need of specific additions to the model is identified. Gipps' car-following model is rather important as it comprises the traffic model of several traffic simulation packages; and the analysis performed in this study determines the actual dynamics that govern model formulae. First, the relationships for the maximum acceleration and deceleration values the model produces are identified. Results indicate that model relationships are such that a vehicle could end up braking harder than its desired deceleration, hence a constraint has to be set. Furthermore, relationships between vehicle acceleration and speed are established. Second, further additions are proposed to allow the model simulate traffic at signal-controlled junctions. These additions include providing a definition for a queueing vehicle and speed manipulation to achieve the calculated saturation flow of simulated junctions.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"76 1","pages":"231 - 245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600708685675","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60523319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 38
A NEW MULTI-CLASS CONTINUUM MODEL FOR TRAFFIC FLOW 一种新的交通流多类连续体模型
Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600708685665
A. K. Gupta, V. K. Katiyar
{"title":"A NEW MULTI-CLASS CONTINUUM MODEL FOR TRAFFIC FLOW","authors":"A. K. Gupta, V. K. Katiyar","doi":"10.1080/18128600708685665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600708685665","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a new continuum model and study some qualitative properties. The new model contains an additional speed gradient term (anisotropic term) in comparison to Berg's model (Berg et al., 2000, Physical Review E, 61, 1056–1066). This anisotropic term guarantees the property that the characteristic speeds can be made less than or equal to the macroscopic flow speed. We extend this model for multi-class traffic flow with heterogeneous drivers. Each user class is characterized by their choice of speeds in a traffic stream. The choice of the speed of a particular user class at any location on the highway is affected by the presence of all user class on that location. Numerical simulations show that the model is able to explain some of the observed traffic phenomena such as platoon dispersion that challenge old homogeneous models presented in the literature.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"3 1","pages":"73 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600708685665","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60522569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 140
MULTI-CONCENTRIC OPTIMAL CHARGING CORDON DESIGN 多同心优化充电警戒线设计
Transportmetrica Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/18128600708685667
A. Sumalee
{"title":"MULTI-CONCENTRIC OPTIMAL CHARGING CORDON DESIGN","authors":"A. Sumalee","doi":"10.1080/18128600708685667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600708685667","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of a road pricing scheme varies greatly by its actual design and implementation. The design of the scheme is also normally constrained by several practicality requirements. One of the practicality requirements which is tackled in this paper is the topology of the charging scheme. The cordon shape of the pricing scheme is preferred due to its user-friendliness (i.e. the scheme can be understood easily). This has been the design concept for several real world cases (e.g. the schemes in London, Singapore, and Norway). The paper develops a methodology for defining an optimal location of a multi-concentric charging cordons scheme using Genetic Algorithm (GA). The branch-tree structure is developed to represent a valid charging cordon scheme which can be coded using two strings of node numbers and number of descend nodes. This branch-tree structure for a single cordon is then extended to the case with multi-concentric charging cordons. GA is then used to evolve the design of a multi-concentric charging cordons scheme encapsulated in the two-string chromosome. The algorithm developed, called GA-AS, is then tested with the network of the Edinburgh city in UK. The results suggest substantial improvements of the benefit from the optimised charging cordon schemes as compared to the judgemental ones which illustrate the potential of this algorithm.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"3 1","pages":"41 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600708685667","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60523096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 45
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