Transportmetrica最新文献

{"title":"BRAESS'S PARADOXES IN DYNAMIC TRAFFIC ASSIGNMENT WITH SIMULTANEOUS DEPARTURE TIME AND ROUTE CHOICES","authors":"Xiaoning Zhang, W. Lam, Haijun Huang","doi":"10.1080/18128600808685690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600808685690","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we investigate some new dynamic phenomena of Braess's paradox in transportation networks when both the departure time and route choices are considered simultaneously. The classical Wardropian user equilibrium principle is used to characterize route choice behavior, and the traditional bottleneck models with deterministic queues are employed to describe user's departure time choice behavior. New Braess's paradoxes with dynamic user response have been found in respect to the point queue and physical queue assumptions, and the mechanisms of such paradoxes are analyzed in details. Furthermore, it is shown in a numerical example that a paradox may occur in network when physical queue assumption is made, but the paradox may not be found in network if the point queue assumption is adopted in the proposed dynamic traffic assignment model. Due to the significant difference between point queue and physical queue assumptions, spatial dimension of queues has to be considered carefully in dynamic traffic assignment models. Finally, some traffic management measures are suggested and examined to resolve the potential paradoxes, such as link closing, ramp metering, dynamic road pricing, lane partitioning, and adaptive traffic control etc.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"4 1","pages":"209 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600808685690","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59924716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TACTICAL LANE CHANGE MODEL WITH SEQUENTIAL MANEUVER PLANNING","authors":"N. Webster, Takahiro Suzuki, M. Kuwahara","doi":"10.1080/18128600808685678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600808685678","url":null,"abstract":"The lane change models used in today's traffic simulators often do not determine lane change actions in terms of the evaluation of sequential plans, but rather in terms of the utility of the very next lane change action. This has the disadvantage of not being able to account for the influence of delayed rewards, such as the simulated vehicle moving across a slow lane to a better-performing non-adjacent lane. This research presents a lane change model which at every simulation time step, builds a tree of potential maneuver sequences, and selects the lane change action according to planning over a time horizon. The model was calibrated using a vehicle trajectory data set and shown to give improved realism of lane change actions of individual vehicles, compared to a lane change model without sequential planning.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"4 1","pages":"63 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600808685678","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60523551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RECENT ADVANCES IN TRAVEL CHOICE BEHAVIOR MODELING","authors":"H. Lo, W. Lam","doi":"10.1080/18128600808685683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600808685683","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue “Travel Choice Behavior Modeling” is organized based on selected papers presented at the International Association of Travel Behavior Research (IATBR) in Kyoto, Japan, 2006. Great strides have been made recently in travel choice behavior modeling (Bovy and Fiorenzo-Catalano, 2007; Beale and Bonsall, 2007; Chorus et al., 2007; Han et al., 2007; Kim et al., 2007; Tsirimpa et al., 2007). New approaches have been developed to augment and improve existing ones or to seek new modeling paradigms (Bonsall, 2004; Senbil and Kitamura, 2004; Jou et al., 2008; Arentze and Timmermans, 2007). It is timely to take inventory of what we have so far and provide a preview of what lies ahead. Travel involves choices of destination, departure time, mode, and route. Typically, travelers face a large set of alternatives, often with imperfect information about them. How to generate reasonable alternatives and therefore avoid burdening the modeling effort with unnecessary ones; how to develop and include new explanatory variables beyond the traditional socio-economic ones, such as the influence of travel information, marketing, etc; how to take advantages of revealed preference (RP) and stated preference (SP) surveys to improve the accuracy of travel choice models; and how to consider correlated choices in the presence of taste heterogeneity, etc are just some examples of recent advancements. This special issue is aimed to cover some recent methodological advances in travel choice behavior modeling. Five papers are collected in this special issue, as summarized below. Defining the choice sets appropriately is important for analyzing choice behavior, estimating parameters of choice models, or predicting choice probabilities. This, however, is not a simple task. The paper by Van Nes, Hoogendoorn-Lanser and Koppelman investigates the relationship between the type of choice set and the purpose of the analysis, for estimation or prediction. The authors differentiate choice sets as being “objective” (generated) or “subjective” (observed). The study concludes that for estimation purposes, observed subjective choice sets are preferable; on the other hand, generated objective choice sets appear to be most suitable for prediction purposes. The paper by Sakano and Benjamin incorporates both RP and SP data in the structural equations model to analyze activity-based travel behavior. The model is then applied to examine the relationship between activities and mode choice for the Puget Sound Regional Council in Seattle, USA. The study finds that the attitude toward comfort of travel, car requirement for job, and travel time are significant predictors for the mode choice decision. The authors conclude that the RP-SP model can help improve the fit of the model over the RP-alone model and that the model developed can be extended to the analysis of more complex decision-making processes involving more detailed information on modes, activities, and times. Despite substant","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"4 1","pages":"79 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600808685683","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60523864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DISCRETE CHOICE MODELING OF COMBINED MODE AND DEPARTURE TIME","authors":"S. Bajwa, S. Bekhor, M. Kuwahara, E. Chung","doi":"10.1080/18128600808685681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600808685681","url":null,"abstract":"Typical daily decision-making process of individuals regarding use of transport system involves mainly three types of decisions: mode choice, departure time choice and route choice. This paper focuses on the mode and departure time choice processes and studies different model specifications for a combined mode and departure time choice model. The paper compares different sets of explanatory variables as well as different model structures to capture the correlation among alternatives and taste variations among the commuters. The main hypothesis tested in this paper is that departure time alternatives are also correlated by the amount of delay. Correlation among different alternatives is confirmed by analyzing different nesting structures as well as error component formulations. Random coefficient logit models confirm the presence of the random taste heterogeneity across commuters. Mixed nested logit models are estimated to jointly account for the random taste heterogeneity and the correlation among different alternatives. Results indicate that accounting for the random taste heterogeneity as well as inter-alternative correlation improves the model performance.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"4 1","pages":"155 - 177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600808685681","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60524114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECTS OF CHOICE SET SIZE AND ROUTE CHOICE MODELS ON PATH-BASED TRAFFIC ASSIGNMENT","authors":"S. Bekhor, T. Toledo, J. Prashker","doi":"10.1080/18128600808685682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600808685682","url":null,"abstract":"Few of the recently developed route choice models have actually been applied in traffic assignment problems. This paper discusses the implementation of selected route choice models in stochastic user equilibrium algorithms. The focus of the paper is on path-based assignment, which is essential in the implementation of route choice models. The paper analyzes the effect of choice set size and selected choice models on problem convergence, running time and selected results. The results presented in the paper indicate that for real-size networks, generation of a large number of alternative routes is needed. Furthermore, convergence properties greatly improve if the generated routes are sufficiently disjointed.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"4 1","pages":"117 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600808685682","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60524181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AIRLINE NETWORK DESIGN PROBLEM WITH DIFFERENT AIRPORT CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS","authors":"Ta-Hui Yang","doi":"10.1080/18128600808685680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600808685680","url":null,"abstract":"Shortages of resources at airports have become a serious problem, however most past studies in airline network design have not taken into consideration capacity restrictions at airports. This study addressed the capacitated fixed charge hub location problems. Two models with different capacity constraints are proposed to determine the hub location and service network; capacity constraints in the first model take into account total volumes that pass through airports, including inbound, outbound, and transshipped traffic, while those in the second model only account for transshipment flows. Both models take into consideration most possible services, including non-stop and hub-connected, and the coexistence of both services. This provides maximal flexibility for the construction of airline service networks. A network based on the air freight market between Taiwan and China will be used to illustrate the proposed models, while analyses show that the use of different capacity constraints will result in different hub locations and network structures.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"4 1","pages":"33 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600808685680","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60524024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ON THE STABILITY OF USER EQUILIBRIA IN STATIC TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS","authors":"W. Jin","doi":"10.1080/18128600808685677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600808685677","url":null,"abstract":"The stability of a user equilibrium determines whether it could be realized or sustained in a transportation network, when subject to perturbations in traffic conditions and drivers' route choice behaviors. In this paper, with a simple deterministic dynamical system model of the traffic assignment problem, we first develop a systematic approach to analyzing asymptotic stability and instability of user equilibria in static transportation networks with fixed demand. We then discuss two examples of non-monotone traffic assignment problem. Compared with existing approaches, the new approach is simpler to use and leads to results consistent with the former. This study could be helpful for analysis and design of real transportation networks.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"4 1","pages":"1 - 17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600808685677","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60523455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A STRUCTURAL EQUATIONS ANALYSIS OF REVEALED AND STATED TRAVEL MODE AND ACTIVITY CHOICES","authors":"R. Sakano, J. Benjamin","doi":"10.1080/18128600808685684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600808685684","url":null,"abstract":"This study extends the structural equations model to incorporate both revealed and stated preference data to analyze activity-based travel behavior. The model is applied to examine the relationship between activities and mode choice on the data from the first wave of the panel study conducted for the Puget Sound Regional Council. It is found that the attitude toward comfort of travel, car requirement for job, and travel time are significant predictors for the mode choice decision. Comparing alternative decision processes, the data support that the mode choice and activity choice decisions are affected by unobserved common factors, and the mode choice and the activity choice decisions are made independently. There is some evidence that the stated-preference model has the same model structure as the revealed-preference model, and the stated-preference data help improve the fit of the entire model.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"4 1","pages":"115 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600808685684","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60523969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ENHANCING HIGHWAY CAPACITY BY HOMOGENIZING TRAFFIC FLOW","authors":"R. Jiang, Maobin Hu, B. Jia, Ruili Wang, Qing-Song Wu","doi":"10.1080/18128600808685676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600808685676","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the capacity of a highway with an on-ramp, using a cellular automaton (CA) model. This CA model is in the framework of three phase traffic theory and can reproduce the first order phase transition from the free flow to synchronized flow (Jiang and Wu, 2005, European Physical Journal B, 46, 581–584). It is shown when some special homogeneous boundary conditions are used, the capacity of the on-ramp system is greatly enhanced because the strong interactions of main road vehicles and on-ramp vehicles, which occur under inhomogeneous boundary conditions, are avoided. Based on this finding, we propose a new design of road section upstream of on-ramp, i.e., to split the main road into several branches and then the branches merge together. With the help of traffic light control, the inhomogeneous vehicles are homogenized. Accordingly, the capacity is enhanced.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"4 1","pages":"51 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600808685676","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60523401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF MICROSCOPIC SIMULATION MODEL FOR HETEROGENEOUS TRAFFIC USING OBJECT ORIENTED APPROACH","authors":"K. Venkatesan, A. Gowri, R. Sivanandan","doi":"10.1080/18128600808685689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/18128600808685689","url":null,"abstract":"Roads in India carry heterogeneous traffic with wide variations in static and dynamic characteristics of vehicles. The traffic flow is also generally devoid of lane discipline, with vehicles occupying any available road space ahead. Modeling of such heterogeneous traffic is generally complex in nature and simulation has been proven to be effective in studying such traffic. This paper presents the development of a model through object oriented programming (OOP) approach for simulating heterogeneous traffic. Several unique traffic characteristics have been considered in the modeling process. C++ language is used for this purpose. OOP leads to better structured codes for simulation and facilitates the development, maintainability and expandability of such codes. The first part of the paper explains the various logics of simulation such as vehicle generation, vehicle placement and vehicle movement. The second part of the paper describes the features of OOP, description of classes and class relationships. The last part of the paper presents the validation and advantages of the developed model.","PeriodicalId":49416,"journal":{"name":"Transportmetrica","volume":"4 1","pages":"227 - 247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/18128600808685689","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59924711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}