Erkang Fu , Lin Li , Jiawen Zhou , Li Deng , Mingxuan Pu , Peilin Qu , Yijun Xu , Xi Li
{"title":"How does recreation involvement in urban parks promote restorative effects?","authors":"Erkang Fu , Lin Li , Jiawen Zhou , Li Deng , Mingxuan Pu , Peilin Qu , Yijun Xu , Xi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban parks are often popular places for recreation and restorative experiences. While recreation involvement has been linked to human health, few studies have examined the role of recreation involvement in shaping users’ restorative experiences. To address this research gap, we conducted two empirical studies to test the hypothesis that recreation involvement may be an important pathway through which park environments affect individual restorative effects. Study 1 used a repeated-measures approach to investigate how recreation involvement moderates the effects of different urban park landscape types on physiological, emotional, and subjective recovery experiences. Study 2 collected survey data from urban park users to examine the mediating role of recreation involvement in the relationship between landscape elements and restorative effects. The results indicate that recreation involvement moderates the relationship between landscape types and subjective recovery. A high level of recreation involvement enhances personal subjective recovery in waterfront and open lawn spaces. Moreover, recreation involvement also partially mediates the effect of plants on subjective recovery, while fully mediating the effects of water and facilities on subjective recovery. Demographic and park visit characteristics moderated these relationships. Our study highlights the significant role of recreation involvement in enhancing the restorative effects of urban park environments. Future urban park design should prioritize the interaction between plants, water, facilities and recreation experiences, while focusing on the quality of these landscape features in rationality, naturalness and comfort, especially in open lawns and waterfront areas. This helps to improve the subjective recovery experience and overall well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 129253"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huaizhen Zhu , Panrong Cui , Xinge Nan , Ning Kang , Shuhua Li
{"title":"From methodology to terminology: A systematic review of the methodological framework in green view index","authors":"Huaizhen Zhu , Panrong Cui , Xinge Nan , Ning Kang , Shuhua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the increasing diversity of research topics and methodological approaches, Green View Index (GVI) has become a widely adopted indicator in evaluating urban greening effects. This study reviews 311 articles to systematically deconstruct the methodological framework into three core steps (viewpoint selection, imagery collection, and greenery identification) and summarizes four terminological variants accordingly. Findings reveal that the excessive reliance on online street view imagery has introduced spatial biases in assessing urban GVI status. Methodological inconsistencies undermine data validity, such as inconsistent sampling intervals, image types, and image acquisition times. While technical improvements have introduced evolving variants, terms tend to reflect semantic fragmentation rather than conceptual renovation. The interchangeable use of similar expressions leading to terminological inconsistency and ineffective literature retrieval has become a prominent issue. To improve conceptual clarity and support cross-study synthesis, we propose aligning image types with objective, visible, and visual GVI concepts and advocate for transparent reporting at each methodological step. Future efforts are necessary to conduct GVI studies for multiple cities and climates, improve species' seasonal identification, and advance GVI measurement across diverse green space types. The review contributes to the methodological standardization of GVI research and offers a framework for clarifying evolving terminology for environmental studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 129243"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resource phenology and transient dynamics shape urban avian guild stability: A modeling framework for urban green planning","authors":"Wei-Ta Fang , Hsien-Wen Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban ecosystems exhibit pronounced temporal and spatial variability, yet the mechanisms by which resource pulses and habitat heterogeneity shape avian community stability remain poorly understood. Using generalized linear mixed models and sensitivity analyses, we examined how fruit and nectar availability influence the transient dynamics of frugivore and nectarivore guilds across urban sites in northern Taiwan. Resource pulses during peak fruiting periods significantly enhanced frugivore stability, while nectarivores remained unstable due to spatiotemporally ephemeral floral resources. Spatial heterogeneity further modulated these effects: fragmented habitats limited fruit availability, thereby necessitating a dietary shift toward animal prey, which was associated with amplified community volatility. Our framework integrates diet composition, phenological timing, and “structural stability” to model non-equilibrium dynamics under urban change. These findings underscore the need for dynamic biodiversity models that account for transient responses to resource and habitat fluctuations, informing adaptive urban conservation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 129262"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dogukan Baran Gungormus , José Manuel Pérez-Mármol
{"title":"The mental health benefits of hands-on participation in urban afforestation activities","authors":"Dogukan Baran Gungormus , José Manuel Pérez-Mármol","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite extensive research on the environmental benefits of urban afforestation, its direct impact on mental health through active engagement remains underexplored. The present study aims to investigate the potential benefits of hands-on participation in an urban afforestation program on affective states and subjective vitality. This study was conducted as a single-group, pretest-posttest clinical trial. One hundred fifty-two healthy adults participated in a tree-planting activity. Affective states and subjective vitality were assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Subjective Vitality Scale, respectively. Several potential predictive factors regarding the expected effects of this program were recorded, including the connectedness to nature, instorative properties of the environment, and physical effort exerted during the activity, along with lifestyle habits such as daily physical activity and sleep duration. Results indicated increases in scores of the positive affect subscale (<em>t</em> = −9.165, <em>p</em> < .001) and the Subjective Vitality Scale (<em>t</em> = −5.881, <em>p</em> < .001), as well as a decrease in the score of the negative affect subscale (<em>t</em> = 7.473, <em>p</em> < .001). Multiple regression analyses showed that after controlling for baseline scores, several predictive factors uniquely explained an additional 14.9 % of the variance in positive affective states, 2.2 % in negative affective states, and 11.6 % in subjective vitality. In conclusion, hands-on participation in an urban afforestation program appears to favorably influence affective states and subjective vitality in healthy adults. Understanding that these psychological benefits arise not only after the trees grow, but also throughout the planting process itself, could encourage city residents to engage in such activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 129201"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145613650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thami Croeser , Holly Kirk , Wolfgang W. Weisser , Stephen Snow , Angelica See Rui Xiao , Casey Visintin , Sarah A. Bekessy
{"title":"Towards an Everyday Nature Index for biodiversity in urban streets","authors":"Thami Croeser , Holly Kirk , Wolfgang W. Weisser , Stephen Snow , Angelica See Rui Xiao , Casey Visintin , Sarah A. Bekessy","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vegetation in contemporary urban streetscapes is generally limited to street trees and grassy verges, with limited understorey, species diversity, or habitat value. The increasing recognition that human-nature interactions offer substantial benefits to urban residents demands new ways of planning and designing urban streetscapes. To drive this change, new measures of success are required that quantify the fundamental resources needed to support more complex ecosystems. This requires a significant step beyond existing canopy-focused ‘urban forestry’ metrics. Here we propose a metric that can quantify streetscape support for biodiversity as a composite index, incorporating measures of vegetation structure, diversity, nativeness and connectivity. We conduct a trial scoring of these components in five diverse residential streetscapes, enabling calculation of an ‘everyday nature’ index for each street. Even as a prototype, the metric’s results encourage attention to important fundamentals of urban biodiversity, in a way that sets it apart from existing urban greening metrics. Future development is required for the metric to be operationalised, with our trial of the method identifying a series of frontiers which will require a significant program of research. Once validated the metric should be able to be used in 'everyday nature’ benchmarking of streets and neighbourhoods. Our vision is that this index, once fully developed, could be used in the same way as existing popular ‘liveability’ metrics, informing resident’s choices and driving city-wide investment in nature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 129195"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Green infrastructure for urban cooling and carbon neutrality: Building-integrated strategies from heat mitigation to public health","authors":"Wanqiao Che, Chenwei Peng, Weimin Zhuang","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As climate change intensifies, the building sector—responsible for around 40 % of global energy consumption and 35 % of carbon emissions—faces pressing demands for decarbonization. Green infrastructure, which integrates natural processes into spatial design, has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance buildings’ climate adaptability and reduce carbon footprints. Unlike conventional landscape elements, building-integrated green infrastructure (e.g., green roofs, vertical greening, urban green belts) performs multifunctional roles such as thermal regulation, stormwater management, shading, and ecological interaction. Its integration is evolving from superficial embellishment to embedded design logic, enabling synergies between architectural form, energy performance, and environmental benefits. However, systematic understanding of its emission reduction mechanisms, performance variation under different climatic and operational conditions, and cost-effectiveness remains limited. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the spatial integration models, thermal and carbon-reducing mechanisms, and quantitative evaluation methods. This review introduces a structural-integration-based classification of GI by embedding depth (roof, façade, site, material) and proposes a dual-path carbon reduction framework linking direct and indirect mechanisms. It also identifies key influencing factors and outlines future directions for transforming green infrastructure into actively regulated, cross-scale ecological systems. This work aims to bridge architectural design and environmental performance, offering theoretical support for the low-carbon transformation of the built environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 129224"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lei Wang , Jihan Zhou , Yuanyuan Chen , Yalin Zhai , Ruonan Li , Ke Ma , Jiyuan Fang , Yunlong Yao , Dawei Xu , Zhiwei Ye
{"title":"Urban forest tree species and 3D structure seasonal contributions on spatial sensible heat exchange at individual tree and cluster scales","authors":"Lei Wang , Jihan Zhou , Yuanyuan Chen , Yalin Zhai , Ruonan Li , Ke Ma , Jiyuan Fang , Yunlong Yao , Dawei Xu , Zhiwei Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban forests tree species and 3D structure of urban forests directly shape SHF dynamics and indirectly govern spatial heat distribution. However, the multi-seasonal impact of species and structure on SHF remains unclear, hindering our understanding of urban forest energy flow. To address this, a multi-source data framework was established by studying 72 typical urban forest communities with UAV-based thermal, LiDAR, multispectral sensors and portable weather stations. By integrating Random Forest and Pareto algorithms, we identified key tree species and structural factors. Their influence on seasonal SHF dynamics was then quantified at both individual and cluster scales through marginal effect and partial correlation analysis. Results show: (1) UAV and field data together precisely mapped SHF and its clear seasonal patterns in small-to-medium urban forests. (2) At the individual tree scale, mongolian pine, chinese pine, and larch most influenced SHF in summer, while manchurian walnut and mongolian oak dominated in other seasons. Tree trait-SHF relationships varied seasonally: in spring and autumn, East-West Crown Spread (P-E) > Tree Height (H) > Diameter at Breast Height (DBH), Clear Bole Height (CBH) > North-South Crown Spread (P-N). In summer and winter, P-N > DBH > H > P-E > CBH. (3) At the cluster scale, broadleaf and mixed forests outperformed conifers in SHF regulation, with GFP and Hmax as the key 3D drivers. This study offers key insights into urban forest-SHF dynamics and provides seasonal guidance for managing urban heat flows, supporting future optimization strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 129215"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145689646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liz O’Brien , Emma Hinton , George Murrell , Jack Forster
{"title":"The Active Forests Programme: Evaluating a five-year intervention to sustain and change physical activity behaviours in England","authors":"Liz O’Brien , Emma Hinton , George Murrell , Jack Forster","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Physical inactivity, sedentary behaviour and obesity represent an increasing issue for public health in England. As such, the Active Forests programme, a partnership between Forestry England and Sport England, was established in 2014 with the aim of increasing or sustaining individuals’ physical activity levels across the nation’s public forests. Following a successful three-year Pilot Phase and corresponding evaluation, Phase II of the programme was developed, running for five-years from 2017 to 2022. A mixed-methods evaluation of Phase II of the programme allowed exploration of the number and types of active visits made to the forests; motivations for undertaking physical activity in the forest; the potential benefits of participation in physical activity in the forest environment and the ability of the intervention to sustain or change physical activity behaviours. Here we report quantitative findings of the Phase II evaluation; key motivations to participate in the programme included being active in nature, and fun and enjoyment, with benefits including mental wellbeing, and escape and freedom. There was an increase in physical activity for those who were originally less active. We discuss how interventions that improve infrastructure and provide a range of organised and led activities and events within forests for people to engage in can promote physical activity for the benefit of public health and wellbeing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 129197"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145657342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peng Cui , Yewei Zheng , Lei Wang , Jiajie Tian , Ran Ji , Zixin Guo
{"title":"Research on the influencing factors and prediction model of carbon storage of urban forest in Harbin, China","authors":"Peng Cui , Yewei Zheng , Lei Wang , Jiajie Tian , Ran Ji , Zixin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Along with the urbanization process, the global issue of climate warming is becoming increasingly serious. Urban forests are an important component in regulating urban ecosystems, but due to human factors and the urban environment, research on carbon storage in forest systems is difficult to apply to urban forests, particularly in cold regions, where the factors affecting urban forest carbon storage are not yet clear, and existing prediction models cannot be accurately applied. Therefore, this study uses field measurements combined with remote sensing to explore the factors affecting urban forest carbon storage in cold climates and constructs a more accurate carbon storage prediction model based on convolutional neural networks. The main findings include: (1) The relationship between AGC, vegetation characteristics, and climate factors fluctuates seasonally; (2) AGC is positively correlated with average crown width (ACW), diameter at breast height (MDBH), vegetation cover (FVC), leaf area index (LAI), vegetation density (VD), and canopy stratification index (CLI), and negatively correlated with sky view factor (SVF) and deciduous species composition ratio (DCR); (3) From 2019–2023, AGC in Harbin's urban forests increased from 19.61 Mg/ha to 23.00 Mg/ha; (4) The LRCFNet model developed in this study, which integrates spatiotemporal attention mechanisms and multi-path feature extraction, can predict the AGC distribution with high accuracy (R² ≈ 0.99). This study provides valuable scientific evidence and technical support for assessing urban forest carbon storage and supporting low-carbon city development in cold regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 129237"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145784933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strategic greening: A multidimensional framework for balancing supply, demand, and cost in urban park allocation","authors":"Yufei Huang , Bin Chen , Chris Webster","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban parks are essential public service resources that enhance living environments and promote physical and mental well-being. The opportunity cost of green land in cities is massive, as its importance to city productivity, warranting more serious attention to systematic monitoring and evaluation of park systems. Here, we propose a data-driven framework grounded in the supply-demand dynamics of the park-people nexus, to inform strategic greening solutions. Using the Greater Bay Area (GBA) of China as an empirical case study, we reveal that only 55.11 % of residents can access parks within a 15-minute walking distance, while 64 % live in high-density (>5000 persons per km<sup>2</sup>) areas with a per-capita park area of just 4.73 m²—nearly one-third of China’s national standard of 12 m² per person. By evaluating the potential for urban park enhancement and the feasibility of construction costs, our framework presents various greening options, with the most cost-effective scenario involving the development of potential urban parks covering approximately 33.59 km². This option could achieve the full park coverage goal, requiring an estimated investment of 16.1 billion CNY. Our method provides a scalable framework for better optimizing urban green spaces in rapidly urbanizing regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 129198"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}