Ricardo Iglesias-Pascual, Dominik Kopeć, Jan Jedliński, David Cristel Gómez Montblanch, Francesca Bitonti
{"title":"Socio-spatial patterns of environmental justice in Mediterranean cities. An approach based on urban tree cover density in four case studies","authors":"Ricardo Iglesias-Pascual, Dominik Kopeć, Jan Jedliński, David Cristel Gómez Montblanch, Francesca Bitonti","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129753","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental justice has been widely investigated in North American and Northern European contexts, but there are few comparative analyses of Mediterranean cities and these are methodologically fragmented. This study focuses on Barcelona, Valencia, Palermo and Catania, and investigates whether Mediterranean cities share common socio-spatial regimes in the distribution of urban tree cover density. It also explores how these regimes are associated with housing-market conditions, educational attainment, population ageing and the spatial concentration of foreign residents. To overcome differences in administrative geographies and data structures, environmental and socio-demographic information is integrated into a harmonized 100 × 100<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>m grid. A Finite Mixture of Beta Regression (FMBR) is then used to identify latent intra-urban regimes in which the relationship between tree cover density and socio-demographic variables remains internally homogeneous. The results show that Mediterranean urban greening is not organized through a single social gradient. Barcelona appears highly segmented, Valencia is dominated by a broad low-greenness regime interrupted by small greener enclaves, Palermo combines an extensive low-greenness fabric with smaller green pockets, and Catania is more socially differentiated than environmentally polarized. Housing-market pressure, the concentration of the foreign population, household structure, education and ageing are important factors, but vary in significance across the regimes. This paper confirms that the four cities feature constrained greening, with variations according to local morphology, land-market pressure and demographic composition. These findings support urban greening policies that are sensitive not only to aggregate canopy deficits, but also to the socio-spatial regimes through which environmental amenities are unevenly distributed.","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149291963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experiments with height-diameter models for urban trees using drone LiDAR","authors":"Lan Qing ZHAO, Brandon GIURA, Derek T. ROBINSON","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129762","url":null,"abstract":"Tree height-diameter (H-D) models were originally developed to address the difficulty associated with measuring tree height in the field. However, advances in remote sensing, particularly in light detection and ranging (LiDAR), now enable tree height and canopy-width measurements across large spatial extents. Since the accuracy of these measurements is not well understood, we collected LiDAR data using remotely piloted aircraft and evaluated the effects of point cloud density (7-27,800 pts/m<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>) on height and canopy width measurements. The combination of aerial data and inverted H-D models can be leveraged to estimate diameter at breast height (DBH) and subsequently biomass and carbon content for urban trees. However, existing H-D models are derived from natural forests and their accuracy for urban applications is unknown. To overcome these challenges, we identified twenty frequently used H-D models from the literature and inverted them to predict DBH from canopy height for urban trees. We also constructed new local H-D models as well as models that included canopy width (i.e., H-W-D models) and compared all results against in-situ DBH measurements. Results demonstrated that a minimum point density of 100 pts/m² is required for reliable height and canopy width measurements in urban environments. Although forest-derived H-D models can be recalibrated for application to urban trees, their accuracy was moderate (mean absolute error of 4.9<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>cm DBH). Incorporating canopy width improved model fit (increase of R<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup> by 0.1) and reduced DBH mean absolute error to ~3.9<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>cm. Results may facilitate the generation and maintenance of urban tree inventories.","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149291964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neighborhood-based versus anchor-based assessments of exposure to urban green space: Revisiting the role of workplace","authors":"Yutian Lu, Running Chen, Ziyuan Sun, Zike Xu, Jiayu Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129752","url":null,"abstract":"Urban green spaces (UGS) promote residents' physical and mental well-being, yet their spatial distribution remains highly uneven. Consequently, the accurate measurement of green exposure to inform equitable and effective urban planning has garnered increasing attention. Traditional assessments rely solely on residence-based green exposure, overlooking individuals' daily mobility and thus risking biased estimates, a problem known as the Uncertain Geographic Context Problem (UGCoP). To address this, we leverage large-scale mobile signaling data from 400,000 users and apply an \"anchored geographic context\" framework. We compute each individual's dynamic mobility-based green exposure and compare it against two static exposure models: (1) the traditional model, which considers only residential location; and (2) the anchor-based model, which treats both home and workplace as fixed \"anchors.\" Our findings confirm the presence of the Neighborhood Effect Averaging Problem (NEAP) in green exposure: individuals' mobility patterns drive their daily exposure toward the population mean, thereby mitigating extreme values. Crucially, incorporating the workplace as a second anchor reduces estimation error by 48.4% relative to the residence-only approach, while revealing a more pronounced NEAP: residents experiencing poor green environments at both anchors tend to have greener conditions available during daily mobility. This study responds to the UGCoP challenge, provides large-scale empirical evidence of NEAP in positive environmental amenities, and highlights the role of the workplace as a second daily anchor. Our results suggest that, to advance environmental justice, urban planners must move beyond the traditional neighborhood-centric paradigm and incorporate workplaces and other key activity nodes into green space planning.","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149291965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diana Ruiz, Taícia Helena Negrin Marques, Anny Merlo, Sara Molina, Anna Zucchetti, Oswaldo Lumbre, Nicolas Salmon, YepezGrace Yépez, Micaela Duque, Isabel Melo
{"title":"Levers for accelerating and up-scaling Nature-based Solutions in Latin American cities","authors":"Diana Ruiz, Taícia Helena Negrin Marques, Anny Merlo, Sara Molina, Anna Zucchetti, Oswaldo Lumbre, Nicolas Salmon, YepezGrace Yépez, Micaela Duque, Isabel Melo","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129746","url":null,"abstract":"Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are increasingly proposed to address challenges related to climate change and biodiversity loss, and more recently for their potential to achieve other social goals such as food security and human health. In urban contexts, these strategies are especially relevant and are recognized as comprehensive actions to generate multiple benefits. However, there is still limited evidence on the direct impacts of these strategies and the co-benefits they can generate over time, as well as their capacity to foster transformative systems change. In the case of Latin America, although NbS have gained popularity, understanding them in a local context, as a comprehensive and systemic urban planning tool, along with how to include them in local agendas is one of the biggest challenges. Within the framework of the ENSLAC Project - Enabling Nature-based Solutions Scale-up in Latin American Cities - this research analyzed the formulation, implementation, and monitoring processes of 15 NbS selected from Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador, considered successful in their context, in order to identify levers and good practices that could make them replicable in the region. Differentiating aspects were found that determined their success, such as considering the characteristics of the landscape and ecological context, directly linking NbS to local policy instruments, including capacity building processes, and addressing more than one objective (social and environmental) from the formulation phase. Additionally, some shared challenges include monitoring and quantitative evaluation of impacts.","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149291966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bin Jiang, Huiwen Xiang, Yi Lu, Zhaowu Yu, Weiyuan Ma, Guangsi Lin, Le Zhong, Shih-Han Hung, Chun-Yen Chang, Huaqing Wang, Yiwei Huang, Wei Lin, Chengcheng Zeng, Bo Li, Lin Qiao, Yun Shu, Chris Webster, William C. Sullivan
{"title":"The Healthy Landscapes Framework: Integrating Pathways to Public Health and Well-being in Urban Contexts","authors":"Bin Jiang, Huiwen Xiang, Yi Lu, Zhaowu Yu, Weiyuan Ma, Guangsi Lin, Le Zhong, Shih-Han Hung, Chun-Yen Chang, Huaqing Wang, Yiwei Huang, Wei Lin, Chengcheng Zeng, Bo Li, Lin Qiao, Yun Shu, Chris Webster, William C. Sullivan","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129751","url":null,"abstract":"Urban green landscapes (UGL) influence human health through a wide range of psychological, physiological, social, and ecological pathways, yet research in this area remains fragmented across disciplines. This review consolidates evidence from environmental psychology, public health, landscape architecture, urban ecology, and fields such as neuroscience and artificial intelligence to clarify how UGL support physical, mental, and social well-being. Using a four-stage methodological approach including literature search and screening, thematic analysis of 25 years of scholarship, structured multidisciplinary expert discussion, and evidence integration, we identify seven cross-cutting issues that define the emerging domain of Healthy Landscapes. These issues include behavior and mobility, social health and connection, health equity and vulnerable populations, pollution mitigation and ecological pathways, climate and spatial morphology, health-supportive planning and design, and interdisciplinary collaboration. We also highlight how landscape morphology, equity considerations, and interdisciplinary collaboration shape health outcomes. Across these themes, we identify priority directions for research and propose a conceptual framework that integrates exposure, perception, behavior, context, and ecological processes. By advancing a more coherent understanding of how UGL influences health, this review provides a foundation for evidence-based landscape planning and design capable of supporting healthier, more equitable, and climate-resilient cities.","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149291967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Heterogeneous nighttime safety structures among urban park users: Evidence from perception-based clustering and exploratory path analysis","authors":"Jong Rae Kim, Poo Reum Jeong, Jeong Moon Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129748","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149232345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Demián Rotbart,Daniel Kozak,Mariana Giusti,Hayley Henderson,Rodolfo Aradas,Esteban Otto Thomasz
{"title":"Valuing urban Nature-based Solutions through Cost-Benefit Analysis: Lessons from pilot projects in General San Martín (Argentina) and Turin (Italy)","authors":"Demián Rotbart,Daniel Kozak,Mariana Giusti,Hayley Henderson,Rodolfo Aradas,Esteban Otto Thomasz","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129734","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"4 1","pages":"129734"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149090524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jean Claude Iradukunda , Anish Sapkota , Zahra Amiri , Amir Verdi
{"title":"Predicting CO2 emissions using UAV spectral and thermal data in urban lawns: A case study of buffalograss and St. Augustinegrass","authors":"Jean Claude Iradukunda , Anish Sapkota , Zahra Amiri , Amir Verdi","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2026.129297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Limited research has examined the use of remote sensing to estimate carbon emissions in small-scale urban landscapes, such as residential green yards, which this study aims to address. In this research, multispectral and thermal images captured by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) were employed to estimate CO₂ efflux in two turfgrass species (‘UC Verde’ Buffalograss and ‘A-G’ St. Augustinegrass) grown under three years of varied irrigation treatments at the University of California, Riverside Agriculture Experiment Station in Riverside, California. Field measurements of CO₂ efflux, soil moisture, and temperature were collected in conjunction with UAV imagery. A physics-based model, the Thermal-Optical Trapezoid Model (TOTRAM), was first applied to estimate soil moisture. Subsequently, models developed using both in situ soil moisture and UAV data were compared with those based solely on multispectral and thermal vegetation indices. The TOTRAM model was found to estimate soil moisture with a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.07 cm<sup>3</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup>. The highest performance was observed in random forest models that incorporated soil moisture, NDRE, the near-infrared (NIR) band, and canopy temperature, with RMSE values of 3.05 µmol CO₂ m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> for models using predicted soil moisture and 2.69 µmol CO₂ m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> for models using measured soil moisture, corresponding to a 13 % difference in RMSE between the two models. Lastly, no improvement in performance was observed when models were trained on species-specific data. These findings demonstrate that UAV-based models can be effectively used to predict carbon emissions in small urban green spaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 129297"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145962531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}