Urban Forestry & Urban Greening最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the value of citizen-led gardens on road verges for insect biodiversity in the City of Merri-bek, Australia","authors":"Philippa L. Bell ,&nbsp;Georgia E. Garrard ,&nbsp;Kirsten M. Parris","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quantifying the benefits of urban greenspaces for conservation is a key goal of urban ecologists, as cities continue to expand and threaten biodiversity globally. Road verges represent a substantial portion of urban greenspace that contains simplified vegetation and considerable opportunity for habitat additions. This study focussed on an inner area of Melbourne, Australia, where citizen-led gardens on verges are common, as residents take advantage of the space and opportunity offered by roadsides in their neighbourhood. Although council guidelines for planting in these spaces recommend native vegetation, many residents have opted for a variety of exotic species, resulting in a diversity of verge gardens throughout the municipality. This study assessed the effectiveness of these citizen-led gardens as habitat for native insects. We identified 7 verge gardens and 7 control sites, where we measured site features (floral cover, floral richness, species richness) and the abundance and species richness of three insect groups (bees, beetles, and butterflies). Insect abundance and species richness were higher at garden sites than control sites and positively associated with the species richness of vegetation. These relationships indicate that citizen-led gardens on road verges with a variety of plant species and aesthetics can contribute to local pollinator biodiversity. Further, our results can inform council guidelines on designing verge gardens to benefit native-insect biodiversity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 128821"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban soil respiration patterns: An analysis of Quercus robur vs. Quercus rubra in parks and streets of Karlsruhe, Germany","authors":"Jan Totzki ,&nbsp;Kathrin Blumenstein ,&nbsp;Somidh Saha","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128814","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The dynamics of soil respiration (&lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;) in natural forest and urban forest ecosystems are already well-researched. However, there is still little research on soil respiration under individual trees in urban areas, particularly regarding the influence of the habitat, different tree species, development stage, and their interplay on soil respiration. In this study, we examined how &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; varies between the two most common urban tree-habitats (park and street), two tree species (&lt;em&gt;Quercus robur&lt;/em&gt; L. and &lt;em&gt;Quercus rubra&lt;/em&gt; L.), and tree development stages (a three-tier classification system based on the developmental stages of urban trees which is linked to the time since planting). We hypothesized that &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; values would differ between habitats but not between the native &lt;em&gt;Quercus robur&lt;/em&gt; and non-native &lt;em&gt;Quercus rubra&lt;/em&gt;. Additionally, we expected a decrease in &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; with the advancing development stage. The study involved 60 trees (30 per tree species, 20 per development stage) distributed across Karlsruhe, southwest Germany. We measured &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; using a portable soil gas chamber. Alongside &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;, environmental (site and soil attributes), and dendrometric data were collected. Regression analysis revealed an interaction between tree species and development stage with statistically significant effect on &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Quercus robur&lt;/em&gt; displayed contrasting &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; patterns in parks (increase) and streets (initial increase, then decrease) with progressing development stage. In contrast, &lt;em&gt;Quercus rubra&lt;/em&gt; showed only in streets a clear (negative) trend. While &lt;em&gt;Quercus rubra R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; differed between locations only in the last development stage, &lt;em&gt;Quercus robur&lt;/em&gt; showed higher &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; in streets than in parks in the first development stage, with a reversal in the last stage. Additionally, &lt;em&gt;Quercus rubra&lt;/em&gt; exhibited overall higher mean &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; values than &lt;em&gt;Q. robur&lt;/em&gt; (4.20 ± 0.25 µmol m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt; s&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; 3.56 ± 0&lt;sup&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt; µmol m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt; s&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;). Soil water content, soil water content × soil temperature interaction, soil pH, and impervious surface cover had also a statistically significant effect on &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;. Parks had higher median soil water content (0.11 ± 0.07 m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;m&lt;sup&gt;−3&lt;/sup&gt;) and soil pH levels (6 ± 0.74) compared to streets (0.06 ± 0.06 m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;m&lt;sup&gt;−3&lt;/sup&gt;; 5.5 ± 0), while streets had a greater median of impervious surface beneath the tree canopy (20 ± 29 % &lt;em&gt;vs.&lt;/em&gt; 0 ± 0 %). Additionally, lower values for &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;s&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; and soil pH, which can also be indicators of soil quality, may suggest poorer soil quality at older ","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 128814"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High transpirational cooling by urban trees despite extreme summer heatwaves","authors":"Christoph Bachofen ,&nbsp;Marion Peillon ,&nbsp;Naika Meili ,&nbsp;Ilann Bourgeois ,&nbsp;Charlotte Grossiord","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban trees cool their environment by shading and transpiration (latent heat, <em>LE</em>), thereby alleviating urban heat. <em>LE</em> may be critically reduced during heatwaves, when trees reduce stomatal conductance (<em>g</em>_S) to prevent hydraulic dysfunctions. Recent observations indicate that <em>g</em>_S may still be maintained during heatwaves, but implications for urban heat stress mitigation remain elusive. We recorded sap flow on eight <em>Platanus x acerifolia</em> trees in Geneva to assess <em>LE</em> during 2023, which had two record-breaking summer heatwaves. We repeatedly assessed leaf water potentials at pre-dawn and midday (Ψ_pre, Ψ_mid), <em>g</em>_S, and leaf, canopy, and ground surface temperatures in shaded and sunlit parts (T_leaf, T_can, T_surf). Using ecohydrological modelling (UT&amp;C), we determined the energy budget of the urban square and assessed whether <em>LE</em> and <em>g</em>_S predictions match measurements. Despite air temperatures (T_air) reaching 39.1 ºC, trees continued transpiring up to 37.1 kg h⁻¹ (<em>LE</em> of 25.3 kW). <em>LE</em> was similar during heatwaves (T_air &gt; 30 ºC) as during cooler periods and compensated approximately 33.3 % of the urban heating by solar radiation (R_S). In contrast, the model predicted a higher decrease of <em>g</em>_S, and <em>LE</em> to 22.8 % of R_S during heatwaves, thereby underestimating actual tree cooling. Despite unprecedented heatwaves, <em>Platanus x acerifolia</em> trees efficiently cooled the urban environment. Measured <em>LE</em> largely surpassed model estimations during heatwaves, hence actual cooling effects of urban trees during heatwaves might be considerably underestimated by current predictions with common stomatal models. Cities with intermittent heatwaves may thus continue to rely on vegetation cooling by transpiration, but further research is needed to determine the best suited tree species to optimise the cooling effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 128819"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Day-night visitor usage of urban parks: Exploring temporal dynamics and driving factors through mobile phone big data","authors":"Jiajia Liao ,&nbsp;Jiefeng Kang ,&nbsp;Chia-Hsuan Hsu ,&nbsp;Yasushi Shoji ,&nbsp;Takahiro Kubo","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128818","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban parks serve as prominent venues for nature-based recreational activities. However, current research does not adequately address how temporal factors influence enjoyment of urban park services and fails to delineate variations in recreational demand at different times. To address this research limitation, we developed a novel methodology using mobile phone data to accurately estimate the duration of stay of park visitors in Sapporo, Japan, providing insights into people's recreational preferences. We employed Random Forest regression and Negative Binomial regression models to identify variations in daytime and nighttime recreational activity levels, as well as their main influencing factors across 28 urban parks in Sapporo from 2019 to 2020. Research findings indicate a significant reduction in visitor numbers by 59.83 % from pre-pandemic levels in 2019, accompanied by an increase in the average duration of stays. Comparative data from 2019 and 2020 underscore a decrease in nighttime activities, from 72.41 % in 2019 to 62.07 % in 2020. Additionally, supported by an R-squared value of 0.695, the Random Forest model identified points of interest (23.6 %), NDVI (24.1 %), and distance to the CBD (17.8 %) as the key variables predicting visitor duration of stay, with points of interest being particularly prominent in 2020. Transportation services (β=0.9236) and public services (β=0.8958) significantly encourage longer stays during the daytime. Conversely, educational services (β=1.9333) and entertainment services (β=1.7023) exhibit a substantial positive impact at nighttime, highlighting pronounced temporal differences in visitor preferences. These results suggest that targeted enhancements in park amenities could significantly improve urban recreational spaces, effectively catering to diverse lifestyle and leisure needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 128818"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tree crown prediction of spruce tree using a machine-learning-based hybrid image processing method","authors":"Axl Emiliano Lopez Rodrıguez-Malpica ,&nbsp;Hamza Zouaghi ,&nbsp;Mahdi Mohemi Moshkenani ,&nbsp;Wei Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper aims to estimate the crown of spruce trees using aerial top-view images captured by drones. In order to obtain real tree crown areas/diameter, we collected more than 2000 spruce trees in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, and each tree was labeled that corresponding to its location in the image. The measurements of crown were done using a Haglof Vertex V Hypsometer. This paper proposes aerial images by a machine-learning-based hybrid image processing approach, which combines YOLOv5 and Watershed Segmentation Technique (WST). Where, YOLOv5 is used for tree identification by a bounding box and WST is used to segment each tree crown based on the given bounding box. Meanwhile, we use Non-Maximum Suppression (NMS) to avoid the overlapping of bounding boxes. The aerial images were taken by a DJI Mavic 3, at altitudes of 50 m and 70 m above ground. The prediction accuracy is calculated via comparing with the real measured crown value. The results show that the developed model yielded better performance compared with other methods like YOLOv5 + Canny Edge Detection, with an accuracy of 89.1 % on tree crown area estimation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 128815"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban forests, provenance matters: Investigating its influence on growth and physiological responses to drought in Quercus robur and Acer pseudoplatanus","authors":"Ermes Lo Piccolo ,&nbsp;Barbara Mariotti ,&nbsp;Francesca Alderotti ,&nbsp;Cassandra Detti ,&nbsp;Andrea Scartazza ,&nbsp;Silvia Traversari ,&nbsp;Alessio Giovannelli ,&nbsp;Maria Laura Traversi ,&nbsp;Negar Rezaie ,&nbsp;Antonella Gori ,&nbsp;Cecilia Brunetti ,&nbsp;Luisa Ghelardini ,&nbsp;Alberto Maltoni ,&nbsp;Fabio Salbitano ,&nbsp;Francesco Ferrini","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the selection and use of different provenances within a tree species geographical distribution is an established practice in forestry, the same cannot be said for urban forestry. Understanding provenance-specific responses is crucial for selecting suitable planting materials to enhance urban forest resilience under environmental changes. Therefore, the purpose of this work, through the setting of two pot trials, was to a) assess the growth, physiology and phenology, during the entire growing season, of northern, central and southern Italian provenances of two species used in urban contexts across Europe, <em>Q. robur</em> (five provenances) and <em>A. pseudoplatanus</em> (four provenances); b) test if the provenance influences the physiological response to water stress and subsequent rewatering. The study represents an innovative effort to implement a forestry approach to addressing new challenges in urban environments. We observed a significant impact of provenance on phenology, height and biomass, encompassing both root- and shoot-system components, particularly evident in <em>A. pseudoplatanus</em>. Regarding water stress trials, <em>A. pseudoplatanus</em> plants from north Italy and <em>Q. robur</em> plants from a central Italy site, showed a higher tolerance to water stress than other provenances. The physiological mechanisms underpinning drought tolerance were revealed by the examination of leaf traits and plant nutritional status, underscoring the possibility of applying useful measurements like whole plant cuticular conductance (g_{min (plant)}) analysis to identify, in the nursery, seedling provenances that are potentially tolerant to drought. Our results help to inform decision-making policies and green planners to enhance the resilience and ecological function of urban green spaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 128812"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"More than Urbanization: Spatial Patterns and Dynamics of Tree Canopy Cover in Beijing’s Villages","authors":"Yuanchuan Li ,&nbsp;Erfa Qiu ,&nbsp;Chenxuan Wang ,&nbsp;Yuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiali Jin ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Zhan ,&nbsp;Zhenkai Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128816","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128816","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trees in the village play an important role in enhancing the human habitat, contributing to multiple ecosystem services. However, few studies have employed tree canopy cover as an indicator to assess the impact of urbanization on village communities' greening. In this study, we used high-resolution imagery to map the village tree cover (VTC) in Beijing and quantified urbanization intensity based on impervious surface. We analyzed the spatial patterns and dynamics of VTC along the urban-rural gradient from 2013 to 2023, and assessed the effects of both current conditions and historical urbanization developments on VTC. We also used multilevel models (MLM) to examine whether existing theories on urban tree cover distribution can be generalized to VTC. Our results showed that: (1) Beijing experienced a massive decline in aggregated VTC from 18.92% in 2013 to 7.53% in 2023, with the most significant decline in the exurb, where VTC decreased from 23.60% to 7.36%. The spatial heterogeneity led by increasing VTC along the urban-rural gradient was disappearing. (2) The current states of urbanization can explain up to 22% of the temporal dynamics and 15% of the spatial variations in VTC, making it a stronger predictor than historical urbanization processes. (3) Village physical characteristics better predict the spatial variations in VTC than socioeconomic context, with building density being the primary factor. Our study indicates that, in the context of urbanization, vegetation in underdeveloped village communities may be at a higher risk of rapid deterioration. Therefore, monitoring tree health and preserving trees in these regions are crucial for sustainable development. Furthermore, we improved the existing research framework by using limited cross-sectional data to assess the long-term impacts of urbanization on village greening, with the potential for generalization to developing countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 128816"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indian immigrants’ perceptions of greenspace impacts on mental health","authors":"Lalita Dhal ,&nbsp;Jason Gordon ,&nbsp;Puneet Dwivedi","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Indian immigrant population is one of the largest and fastest-growing immigrant groups in the United States. Most Indian immigrants settle in cities where greenspaces affect their mental health. This is especially true as Indian immigrants, just like any other immigrant group in the country, can experience mental health issues. However, despite the growing number of Indian immigrants in the nation, little is known about their mental health and how their relationships with greenspace affect their mental health. This is especially true as Indian immigrants may have distinct sub-cultural, social settings and personal experiences influencing the overall perception of benefits derived from urban greenspaces for improving their mental health. This study aims to understand the perceptions of Indian immigrants about the impacts of greenspaces on their mental health. We interviewed 35 Indian immigrants in Atlanta using semistructured interviews to learn more about their perceptions. We coded with Taguette software and utilized thematic analysis to find themes and subthemes. Findings suggest positive and negative effects of greenspace, including happiness, relaxation, a sense of belonging, and sometimes sadness. Direct and indirect access to greenspace, preferred outdoor activities, religious beliefs, and cultural practices impacted participants’ perceptions. The physical characteristics of greenspaces also influenced the mental health of participants. Place attachment aligned well with these findings and emerged as a crucial factor to consider when examining the link between greenspace and mental health. The results suggest that incorporating the unique socio-cultural experiences of Indian immigrants can enhance community engagement programs in greenspaces and inform more inclusive social policies. Planners can leverage our findings to increase the inclusion of immigrant communities in the assessment, planning, and implementation of nature-based interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 128811"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking urban green spaces: Retrofitting potential green roofs to enhance bird connectivity and comprehensive ecological benefits in high-density areas","authors":"Qinghua Xu ,&nbsp;Xidong Ma ,&nbsp;Zhifan Ding ,&nbsp;Hui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite widespread enthusiasm for green roofs (GRs) as an eco-friendly solution to various urban issues, studies regarding GRs in the context of bird conservation remain limited. In this study, the Nanjing urban area (NJUA), a typical high-density area in China, was evaluated to determine where rooftops can be potentially retrofitted to become GRs. This process of identifying potential green roofs (PGRs) started with site identification and continued with a benefit assessment that was constructed by synthesizing machine learning and multiple models. It was found that: (1) Of 39.80 km² of roof patches identified, approximately 26.38 % of the building space was suitable for GR retrofitting, i.e., PGR. (2) The core bird flight corridor in the NJUA occupied about 5.42 % of the overall area. In another 65.54 % of the urban space, birds could not move freely. In all, 2.01 km² of PGRs would improve bird connectivity. (3) Of this 2.01 km² of PGRs, 0.99 km² (1178 patches) was considered medium to high ecosystem service benefit area, and these patches were considered to be the most highly effective stepping stones that should be prioritized for retrofitting. (4) In simulations, the high-efficiency PGRs in NJUA were shown to be effective in enhancing bird corridor space. If the PGRs were all retrofitted, bird activity space would be expected to grow by 12.42 %, resulting in a 48.69 km² enhancement, though core corridor space would only increase by about 4.09 %. These results provide scientific evidence that the application of GRs would be beneficial in highly urbanized areas as well as a methodological reference for PGR retrofitting efforts in high-density areas globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 128817"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ideal characteristics of landscape pattern and morphological spatial pattern for seasonal cool island regulation in urban park green space","authors":"Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Yezhen Xu ,&nbsp;Yalin Zhai ,&nbsp;Dawei Xu ,&nbsp;Jiyuan Fang ,&nbsp;Yunlong Yao ,&nbsp;Zhibin Ren ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban parks provide cool island through landscape pattern and morphological spatial pattern to regulate urban thermal environment. While previous studies have established the influence of urban park green space (UPGS) cooling in summer, there remains a lack of clarity regarding the single and synergistic effects of landscape pattern and morphological spatial pattern on seasonal park cool island. Therefore, we quantified the seasonal contributions of cool island in urban parks in Harbin, China. Spearman correlation analysis and Random Forest model were used to identify key factors influencing park cool island intensity (PCII) from landscape metrics and morphological metrics. Moreover, Geographical detector was employed to interpret the synergistic effects (nonlinear enhancement, bilinear enhancement) of them on seasonal PCII. The results indicated that: (1) UPGS have a cooling contribution in all four seasons, with the highest in summer and the lowest in winter. (2) Landscape and morphological metrics independently influence PCII, where optimizing metrics such as LPI, PLAND, and Core can enhance summer cooling while reducing winter cooling effects. (3) Synergistically, the interaction between landscape and morphology provides a more comprehensive explanation of PCII, where optimizing PD and Edge can amplify summer cooling without adverse winter impacts. To maximize summer cooling and minimize winter cool island effects, conserving large core green areas and integrating small green patches and corridors is essential, creating a spatially aggregated, well-connected, and continuous core structure. These findings offer theoretical and practical insights for climate-adaptive urban park design, contributing to improved urban thermal environments and enhanced urban resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49394,"journal":{"name":"Urban Forestry & Urban Greening","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 128813"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}