Western Journal of Nursing Research最新文献

{"title":"Relationship Between the Frequency of Energy Drink Consumption and Sleep Time by Sex Among Korean Adolescents: A Secondary Analysis Using National Survey Data.","authors":"Yumi Choi, Su Jung Lee, Hyun-Ju Seo","doi":"10.1177/01939459251318655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01939459251318655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Energy drinks are becoming increasingly popular among adolescents despite potential adverse health effects. This study addresses the research question: \"Is there an association between the frequency of energy drink consumption and insufficient sleep by sex?\"</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess the frequency of energy drink consumption by sex among Korean adolescents aged 12 to 18 years and investigate its relationship with insufficient sleep.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed secondary data using data from the 18th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2022). The study included 36 361 middle- and high school students. Complex sample logistic regression analysis examined the relationship between energy drink consumption and insufficient sleep by sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the respondents, 9.0% of male and 9.2% of female students reported consuming energy drinks frequently. In complex sample logistic regression analyses, those who reported consuming frequent energy drinks had significantly higher odds of insufficient sleep than the no-consumption group, controlling for potential confounding variables (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.76-2.61 in male students; adjusted OR 3.25, 95% CI 2.39-4.41 in female students). Notably, female students who frequently consume energy drinks pose a substantial concern regarding insufficient sleep.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Frequent energy drink consumption was associated with insufficient sleep time in both male and female adolescents. This highlights the need for public health policy interventions to reduce energy drink consumption and promote appropriate amounts of sleep among adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":49365,"journal":{"name":"Western Journal of Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"1939459251318655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Commonly Used Fall Risk Assessment Tools in Predicting Fall Risk: A Prospective Observational Study in Older Adult Inpatients Over 80 Years of Age.","authors":"Lingqin Cai, Xianzong Cheng, Kaijie Zhang, Ling Yao, Xiyue Zhang, Zhang Wang","doi":"10.1177/01939459251320011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01939459251320011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Falls and fall-related injuries represent significant public health concerns, yet no reliable and valid assessment tool exists for evaluating fall risk in hospitalized older adults (≥80 years old).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study compared the discriminative properties of 5 commonly utilized fall risk assessment tools and comprehensive geriatric assessments for fallers and non-fallers among older adult inpatients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Comprehensive geriatric assessments, which included evaluations of fall risk, were conducted on 82 older adult inpatients. The incidence of falls during hospitalization was documented. The analysis compared the consistency of these scales with actual fall incidents, and the predictive values for fall risk were assessed using the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>More than 30 older adult inpatients had a documented history of falls. The incidence of falls recorded in this study was 27.6 per 1000 patient days. The assessment scores of the National Health Commission Fall Scale, Morse Fall Scale, Berg Balance Scale, and Barthel Index revealed that fallers were at a significantly higher risk compared with non-fallers. The Morse Fall Scale showed the best consistency between score and fall occurrence (kappa = 0.461, <i>P</i> = .001). Its area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.813 (95% CI 0.676-0.949). The combined AUC for the Morse Fall Scale and Barthel Index was 0.891 (95% CI 0.784-0.998).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Analysis of these assessment scales indicates that the Morse Fall Scale exhibits the highest predictive value for falls among older adult inpatients aged 80 years and above. Integration of the Barthel Index may enhance the predictive validity.</p>","PeriodicalId":49365,"journal":{"name":"Western Journal of Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"1939459251320011"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143415975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Professional Perceptions of Delivering Hospital Falls Prevention Education-A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Anne-Marie Hill, Cheng Yen Loo, Steffanie Coulter, Carol Watson, Sharmila Vaz, Meg E Morris, Leon Flicker, Tammy Weselman","doi":"10.1177/01939459251319078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01939459251319078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Providing patient falls prevention education can help reduce falls in hospitals, yet research exploring staff perceptions about providing falls education in hospitals is limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We sought to determine enablers and barriers to implementing a hospital falls prevention education program (the Safe Recovery Program) from the clinical staff perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Purposive sampling was used to recruit health professionals (N = 40) from 12 acute medical and surgical wards at a 450-bed hospital in Perth, Western Australia. Participants were given the option to take part in a focus group or semi-structured interview. Data were analyzed via directed content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings were distinguished into 2 themes, being the barriers and enablers to implementing the Safe Recovery Program. Enabler subthemes were the mode and medium of delivering the program, the use of repetition to instill the learnings, identifying who is best to deliver the program, and utilizing the role of informal carers to reinforce the education. Barrier subthemes were patient cognitive impairments and patient illness, patient risk-taking behavior, timing of program delivery according to patient readiness, time and resource shortage, and communication barriers with non-English speaking patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A comprehensive approach to program delivery can enable health professionals to implement evidence-based falls prevention education in hospitals. Extant factors must be considered during the implementation phase to ensure the Safe Recovery Program is sustainable and to optimize patient uptake of falls prevention education.</p>","PeriodicalId":49365,"journal":{"name":"Western Journal of Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"1939459251319078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Mother-Father Relationship on Perceived Stress among Black Pregnant Women.","authors":"Jenna M Wheeler, Jean W Davis, Rui Xie, Jacqueline LaManna, Carmen Giurgescu","doi":"10.1177/01939459251316810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01939459251316810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Perceived stress during pregnancy has been associated with adverse maternal health and birth outcomes. Compared to White pregnant women, Black pregnant women in the United States report higher levels of perceived stress and experience higher rates of maternal mortality and preterm birth. Mother-father relationship has been associated with perceived stress among pregnant women, though literature among Black pregnant women is limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to examine the associations of mother-father relationship with perceived stress among Black pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a cross-sectional, correlational design, we conducted a secondary analysis of data obtained from 418 Black pregnant women enrolled in the Biosocial Impact on Black Births study. Participants completed questionnaires between 19- and 29 weeks gestation with items related to maternal characteristics, measures of the mother-father relationship, including the level of contact, involvement, closeness, support, and conflict with the father of the baby (FOB), and maternal perceived stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants who reported lower levels of support (<i>ρ</i>_[416] = -0.279, <i>P</i> < .001) and higher levels of conflict (<i>ρ</i>_[416] = 0.401, <i>P</i> < .001) with the FOB also reported higher levels of perceived stress. Levels of involvement, closeness, support, and conflict with FOB also predicted levels of maternal perceived stress after controlling for covariates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that the mother-father relationship significantly influences perceived stress among Black pregnant women, thus warranting further study and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":49365,"journal":{"name":"Western Journal of Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"1939459251316810"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring Depressive Symptoms in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD): A Scoping Review.","authors":"Lisa Angel, Sarah H Ailey, Kathleen R Delaney, Lynn Mohr","doi":"10.1177/01939459241304527","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01939459241304527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research indicates a high prevalence of depressive disorders in individuals with autism spectrums disorders (ASD), highlighting a need for depression screening in this population. Both depression screening tools used in the general population and tools developed specifically for individuals with ASD are used in the ASD population. Because depressive symptoms may manifest differently in individuals with ASD, it is important to establish the psychometric properties of depression instruments in individuals with ASD to determine whether and how these instruments can be applied in assessing these individuals.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our objective was to synthesize knowledge regarding the psychometric properties of (a) depression instruments developed for the general populations and (b) depression instruments developed specifically for individuals with ASD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A scoping review was conducted using Covidence to identify, screen, and review available literature on the use and psychometric properties of generalized and ASD-specific depression instruments in individuals with ASD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results for both generalized and ASD-specific instruments indicated moderate psychometric strength, enough for these instruments to be potentially helpful in psychiatric assessments but not enough to be conclusive on their own. The data are limited by the small number of studies examining this population, that is, only 1 to 3 articles for each instrument, and the often-limited number of psychometric measurements taken in each study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As the prevalence of depression in individuals with ASD is high, reliable and valid measures are needed. Current research shows some support for existing instruments, although additional, more robust research is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49365,"journal":{"name":"Western Journal of Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"100-109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Methodological Framework for Descriptive Phenomenological Research.","authors":"Daniel M Abraham, Padmakumari P","doi":"10.1177/01939459241308071","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01939459241308071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Descriptive phenomenological research is crucial in nursing for understanding individuals' experiences, perceptions, and relationships, which are essential for person-centered healthcare. However, a common critique is that researchers often use phenomenological methods without fully comprehending their historical and philosophical foundations. Existing literature highlights discrepancies in the application of phenomenological principles by nurse researchers, particularly in their presentation of philosophical underpinnings and methodological details.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This article aims to provide a comprehensive methodological framework for descriptive phenomenological research in nursing, addressing both theoretical and practical aspects to guide novice researchers.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>This framework synthesizes existing scholarship on descriptive phenomenology.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Starting from Husserl, this article provides a detailed overview of the history, foundations, and philosophical assumptions of the methodology. It also includes key terms and a comprehensive detailing of all aspects of the research process.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This framework enriches existing scholarship by offering a streamlined, step-by-step methodological guide for researchers embarking on descriptive phenomenological studies. It emphasizes the importance of establishing minimum, yet critical criteria for publishing research employing this methodology.</p><p><strong>Implications for research: </strong>Future nurse researchers are encouraged to enhance methodological transparency in their descriptive phenomenological studies to facilitate rigorous evaluation of method effectiveness and study quality. This framework aims to alleviate potential apprehensions and provide clarity and structure to novice researchers in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":49365,"journal":{"name":"Western Journal of Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"125-134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Nurses' Personal and Professional Values and Care Quality: A Convergent Mixed-Methods Analysis.","authors":"Jeanne Hlebichuk, Rachelle Lancaster, Wendy Tuzik Micek, Susan Perusich, Kerry Fick, Kanagavalli Perumalswamy","doi":"10.1177/01939459241304528","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01939459241304528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Professional standards and the Codes of Ethics from the International Council of Nurses and American Nurses Association are frameworks driving professional practice and are linked to positive patient and nursing outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe qualitative themes extracted from narrative responses on how nurses' personal values influence nursing care and converge with quantitative results assessing personal values, professional values, and the practice environment, a key component of nurse satisfaction and subsequent care quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A convenience sample of nurses across 19 sites within a large nonprofit healthcare system was surveyed. Quantitative measures included the Short Schwartz's Value Survey for personal values, the Nurses Professional Values Scale-3 for professional values, and the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index, assessing practice settings. Concurrently, nurses were asked, \"How do your values influence the care you provide?\" Responses were examined using a descriptive qualitative method for thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample included qualitative (n = 408) and quantitative (n = 671) responses. Six qualitative themes emerged: patient-centered care, professionalism/integrity of practice, advocacy, dissonance, golden rule/ethics of reciprocity (religiosity), and perseverance. Themes converged with the mean personal values of achievement, self-direction, universalism, benevolence, tradition, and conformity, and diverged with hedonism, security, and stimulation. All professional values factor means and work environment subscale means converged.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings highlight convergence and divergence between qualitative and quantitative responses from nurses, offering new insights into the themes of dissonance, perseverance, and religiosity. The findings present valuable opportunities to enhance recruitment and retention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49365,"journal":{"name":"Western Journal of Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"61-70"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142840086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Readiness for the Next Pandemic: A Nurse Practitioner-Driven COVID-19 Management Model for Kidney Transplant Recipients.","authors":"Jongwon Yoo, Sima Patel, Ted Clevy-Schneller, Sanjeev Akkina, Amishi Desai","doi":"10.1177/01939459241306395","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01939459241306395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With the rise of virulent pathogens, the transplant community faces unprecedented challenges in caring for immunocompromised patients. Effective diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up are essential, with prompt immunosuppression adjustment and hospitalization for decompensated patients being critical for survival.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our study aimed to determine if a nurse practitioner-driven care model improves outcomes for kidney transplant recipients who contracted COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study of kidney transplant patients who contracted COVID-19 (N = 101) from April 1, 2020 to April 30, 2021. Patients were classified into 2 groups: those presenting to the emergency department with COVID-19 symptoms and those diagnosed with COVID-19 and followed by nurse practitioners. Nurse practitioners monitored this second group daily via telephone and/or video call. They provided symptom assessment, immunosuppression adjustment, health counseling, and emotional support.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients who were identified as decompensating had admissions arranged to the nearest hospital or our transplant center. In the intervention group (n = 66), immunosuppression was adjusted more rapidly (4.5 days vs 7 days), leading to shorter illness duration (17 days vs 26 days), fewer acute kidney injuries (50.0% vs 68.6%), lower readmission rates (5.0% vs 20%), and better survival (97.0% vs 77.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As we have more preventive and treatment options for COVID-19, prompt interventions and close monitoring as demonstrated in our model may be key to achieving health outcomes including graft and patient survival. Our strategies can be applicable in instances of future outbreaks of virulent pathogens and help protect and save lives within our kidney transplant patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":49365,"journal":{"name":"Western Journal of Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"82-88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Daily Care Experience Preferences Across the Lifespan of Older Adults: Application of Natural Language Processing.","authors":"Se Hee Min, Kyungmi Woo, Jiyoun Song, Gregory L Alexander, Terrence O'Malley, Maria D Moen, Maxim Topaz","doi":"10.1177/01939459241306946","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01939459241306946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Older adults are a heterogeneous group, and their care experience preferences are likely to be diverse and individualized. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify categories of older adults' care experience preferences and to examine similarities and differences across different age groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The initial categories of older adults' care experience preferences were identified through a qualitative review of narrative text (n = 3134) in the ADVault data set. A natural language processing (NLP) algorithm was used to automatically and accurately define older adults' care experience preference categories. Descriptive statistics were used to examine similarities and differences in care experience preference categories across different age groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall average performance of NLP algorithms was relatively high (average <i>F</i>-score = 0.88; range: 0.77-0.96). Through a qualitative review of 350 randomly selected texts, a total of 11 categories were identified. The most frequent category was music, followed by photographs, entertainment, family/friends, religion-related, atmosphere, flower/plants, pet, bed/bedding, hobby, and other. After applying the best performing NLP algorithm to each category, older adults' care experience preference categories were music (41.32%), followed by photographs (28.47%), entertainment (13.46%), religion-related (n = 12.69%), pet (12.22%), flower/plants (11.51%), family/friends (8.45%), atmosphere (7.75%), bed/bedding (6.12%), and hobby (5.45%). Young-old and old-old adults had similar care experience preferences with music being the most frequent category while old-old adults had photographs as the most frequent category for their care experience preference.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinicians must understand the distinct categories of care experience preferences and incorporate them into personalized care planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":49365,"journal":{"name":"Western Journal of Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"71-81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11742706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Community Health Workers into Palliative Care Teams: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Angela Kroeze Visser, Anne Pithan, Sabina Kupershmidt, DenYelle B Kenyon, Susan E Puumala","doi":"10.1177/01939459241304520","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01939459241304520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rural communities, like other places in the United States, face a growing need for palliative care. Community health workers (CHWs) are one potential way to expand the ability to provide palliative care. This scoping review explores what is known about CHWs involved in palliative care teams in the United States.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This scoping review is intended to outline current evidence related to best practices and factors that lead to the integration of CHWs into palliative care teams.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A scoping review was conducted between June 2022 and April 2023 using 3 databases (CIHAHL, ScienceDirect, and PubMed) to identify included studies. Studies included were published between 2000 and 2022; discussed CHWs, lay health navigators, or associated terms, and palliative care in the United States; and addressed CHWs' integration with health care teams.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 24 studies included in this review encompassed qualitative and quantitative reports of CHW interventions that successfully increased advanced care planning documentation, improved patient symptoms, and increased hospice use. Home visits and telephone visits allowed CHWs to provide education, advocate, make referrals, and serve as social support. Stakeholders generally support the role of CHWs in palliative care teams and understand the way they can support \"cultural translation.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CHWs have the potential to be integrated into palliative care teams, but there is variability in the approach toward roles within palliative care teams, training for CHWs, and strategies for integration within clinical teams.</p>","PeriodicalId":49365,"journal":{"name":"Western Journal of Nursing Research","volume":" ","pages":"110-124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}