Viruses-Basel最新文献

{"title":"Neurocognitive Impairment in ART-Experienced People Living with HIV: An Analysis of Clinical Risk Factors, Injection Drug Use, and the sCD163.","authors":"Syed Zaryab Ahmed, Faiq Amin, Nida Farooqui, Zhannur Omarova, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Qurat Ul Ain Khan, Haider A Naqvi, Aida Mumtaz, Saeeda Baig, Muhammad Rehan Khan, Sharaf A Shah, Ali Hassan, Srinivasa Bolla, Shamim Mushtaq, Syed Hani Abidi","doi":"10.3390/v17091232","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17091232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In people living with HIV (PLHIV), ongoing neuronal injury has shown a correlation with elevated levels of soluble markers of immune activation, such as sCD163. Additionally, various risk factors, such as injection drug use (IDU), can independently affect immune and cognitive functions, leading to neurocognitive impairment (NCI). However, the potential sCD163-IDU-NCI axis in ART-experienced PLHIV is not clear. This study aims to determine NCI prevalence and investigate the interplay between risk factors and sCD163 in Pakistani PLHIV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this cross-sectional study, 150 PLHIV and 30 HIV-negative people who inject drugs (PWID) were recruited using a convenience sampling strategy. NCI screening was performed using the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS) tool. Blood samples from PLHIV were used to perform HIV recency testing using the Asante Rapid Recency Assay, and to evaluate sCD163 levels using ELISA. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected from medical records. Subsequently, descriptive statistics were used to summarize data variables, while comparisons (two and multiple groups) between participants with and without NCI were conducted, respectively, using the Mann-Whitney test or Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables, and Fisher's exact test for categorial variables. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the discriminative ability of sCD163. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of neurocognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of PLHIV had IDU as a high-risk behavior. In PLHIV, the median age was 34.5 years (IQR: 30-41), ART duration was 35 months (IQR: 17-54), and median CD4 count was 326.5 cells/µL (IQR: 116-545.5). Long-term infections (>6 months post-seroconversion; median ART duration: 35 months; median CD4 counts: 326.5 cells/μL) were noted in 83.3% of PLHIV. IHDS-based screening showed that 83.33% (all PLHIV) and 50% (PLHIV with no IDU history) scored ≤ 9 on the IHDS, suggestive of NCI. IHDS-component analysis showed the memory recall to be significantly affected in PLHIV compared to controls (median score 3.2 versus 3.7, respectively, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Regression analysis showed only long-term infection (OR: 2.99, <i>p</i> = 0.03) to be significantly associated with neurocognitive impairment. sCD163 levels were significantly lower in PLHIV with NCI (mean = 7.48 ng/mL, SD = 7.05) compared to those without NCI (mean = 14.82 ng/mL, SD = 8.23; <i>p</i> < 0.0001), with an AUC of 0.803 (95% CI: 0.72-0.88). However, after adjusting for IDU history, the regression analysis showed an odds ratio for sCD163 of 0.998 (95% CI: 0.934, 1.067, <i>p</i> = 0.957), indicating no association between sCD163 levels and NCI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reports a high prevalence of NCI in Pakistani PLHIV, and no association between sCD163 and neurocognitive impairment in PLHIV aft","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145180135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and Genetic Characterization of Red-Spotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus and a Novel Genotype of Nervous Necrosis Virus in Black Sea Bass from the U.S. Atlantic Coast.","authors":"Jan Lovy, Miriam Abbadi, Anna Toffan, Nilanjana Das, James N Neugebauer, William N Batts, Peter J Clarke","doi":"10.3390/v17091234","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17091234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) causes a neurologic disease in a wide range of marine fish and poses serious disease risks to marine aquaculture worldwide. Little is known about the presence of NNV along the Atlantic coast of the United States, aside from the presence of barfin flounder nervous necrosis virus (BFNNV) in coldwater species in the northern part of this range. Herein we conducted surveillance for NNV from 2020 to 2022 in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States in black sea bass <i>Centropristis striata</i>, a serranid fish that is found throughout the eastern U.S. coast. Molecular detection methods have identified and characterized red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) sequences at low prevalence throughout the years. Further, in 2022, a higher prevalence of a novel NNV genotype, tentatively named black sea bass nervous necrosis virus (BSBNNV), was characterized for the first time. Though virus isolation was unsuccessful, this study was the first to genetically identify NNV in this region and in this species. These findings highlight the need for further research on NNV to understand epidemiology and virulence in the context of marine fisheries and an emerging marine aquaculture industry in the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CLEC5A Activation in Inflammatory Monocytes: A Mechanism for Enhanced Adaptive Immunity Following COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination in a Preclinical Study.","authors":"Renan Galuzo, Thiago Lazari Machado, Ryann de Souza Nascimento, Jorvan Ramos de Medeiros, Luciana Neves Tubarão, Jane Silva, Vanessa Pimenta Rocha, Tamiris Azamor, Felipe Soares Coelho, Andrea Marques Vieira da Silva, Lorenna Carvalho da Rosa, Juliana Fernandes Amorim da Silva, Renata Tourinho Santos, Rodrigo Müller, Carolina Baeta Salvador Várady, Ana Paula Dinis Ano Bom, Patricia Cristina da Costa Neves, Juliana Gil Melgaço","doi":"10.3390/v17091233","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17091233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>CLEC5A is a C-type lectin expressed by monocytes and neutrophils, playing an important role in innate immunity. Although it has been shown to interact with the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, its role during vaccination remains poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address this question, we combined in vitro assays to characterize CLEC5A and spike expression and their impact on monocyte differentiation and T-cell activation; in vivo studies to evaluate CLEC5A expression, immune responses, and vaccine efficacy in a murine model; and in silico analyses to identify potential spike epitopes and CLEC5A interaction sites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Pfizer-BioNTech bivalent mRNA vaccine induced spike expression and CLEC5A upregulation in THP-1 monocytes, promoting M1-like differentiation and CD86⁺ activation. In PBMC co-cultures, CLEC5A⁺ monocytes acted as antigen-presenting cells, releasing inflammatory chemokines and activating both CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells, thereby linking CLEC5A expression to adaptive immunity. In mice, CLEC5A expression was observed on inflammatory monocytes (CCR2⁺CX3CR1^low) within two days of vaccination. In vivo, CLEC5A expression increased during SARS-CoV-2 infection and after immunization, but declined following viral challenge in vaccinated animals. Consistently, robust humoral and cellular responses were detected post-immunization. In silico analysis further suggested differential CLEC5A binding across B- and T-cell epitopes within the spike glycoprotein.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that CLEC5A may play a role in bridging innate and adaptive immune responses during SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Although further studies with different vaccine platforms are necessary to confirm and expand these observations, our results provide preliminary evidence supporting the potential of CLEC5A as an exploratory biomarker of vaccine-induced immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145180051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic Analysis of Rotavirus G8P[8] Strains Detected in the United States Through Active Surveillance, 2016-2017.","authors":"Mary C Casey-Moore, Mathew D Esona, Slavica Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Jose Jaimes, Rashi Gautam, Mary E Wikswo, John V Williams, Natasha Halasa, James D Chappell, Daniel C Payne, Mary Allen Staat, Geoffrey A Weinberg, Michael D Bowen","doi":"10.3390/v17091230","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17091230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>G8 rotaviruses are primarily associated with animals and infrequently cause infections in humans. The first detection of G8 strains in humans occurred around 1979, and since then, their presence has been sporadic, particularly in the United States (U.S.). During the 2016-2017 rotavirus surveillance season, the New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) identified 36 G8P[8] rotavirus strains across four sites in the U.S. This study presents the whole-genome characterization of these G8P[8] strains, along with comparative sequence analyses against the current vaccine strains, Rotarix and RotaTeq. Each strain exhibited a DS-1-like backbone with a consensus genotype constellation of G8P[8]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2 and exhibited high genetic similarities to G8P[8] strains previously detected in Europe and Asia. Clinical analysis revealed no significant differences in hospitalization rates, length of stay, or severity scores between G8P[8] RVA-positive and non-G8P[8] RVA-positive subjects. Additionally, phylodynamic analysis determined the evolutionary rates and the most recent common ancestor for these strains, highlighting the importance of ongoing monitoring of rotavirus genotypes to assess the spread of these emerging G8P[8] strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to Saeed et al. Comment on \"Rinaldi et al. Assessment of Response and Safety of Bulevirtide Treatment in Patients with Chronic Delta Virus Infection: The ARISTOTLE Pilot Observational Study. <i>Viruses</i> 2025, <i>17</i>, 251\".","authors":"Alfredo Caturano, Luca Rinaldi, Antonio Izzi","doi":"10.3390/v17091228","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17091228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We appreciate the thoughtful commentary by Muhammad Hassan Saeed et al [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145180163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Camelpox Virus in Western Kazakhstan: Isolation and Phylogenetic Analysis of a New Strain.","authors":"Yerbol Bulatov, Nurlan Kozhabergenov, Zhanat Amanova, Zhanna Sametova, Zhanat Kondybaeva, Ruslan Abitayev, Abdurakhman Ussembay, Alina Kurmasheva, Dariya Toktyrova, Dana Mazbayeva, Kuandyk Zhugunissov, Muratbay Mambetaliyev, Bekbolat Usserbayev, Sholpan Turyskeldy","doi":"10.3390/v17091229","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17091229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study continues earlier work aimed at identifying potential natural reservoirs of camelpox virus (CMLV) during interepizootic periods. In 2023-2024, field expeditions in western Kazakhstan led to the collection and analysis of biological samples from camels, rodents and hematophagous insects. Despite the absence of clinical symptoms, PCR-positive results were obtained from camel blood samples. These samples underwent molecular genetic analysis, including viral DNA detection and whole-genome sequencing. Using next-generation sequencing, the complete genome of the <i>Camelpox virus/Beineu/2023</i> isolate (202.273 bp) was obtained and deposited in the NCBI database (accession number PV920573.1). The isolate showed >98% genetic similarity to the previously described Kazakhstan strain <i>M-96</i>, indicating long-term local circulation of a genetically stable variant. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the isolate's evolutionary conservatism and close relationship with other CMLV strains. The findings suggest that camels serve as a natural reservoir, enabling viral persistence and potential reactivation under stress-related conditions. The observed geographic clustering underscores the need for region-specific molecular surveillance to ensure timely detection of new variants and prevent cross-border spread.</p>","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145180048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Susceptibility and Transmission Dynamics of Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus in Domestic and Wild Ruminants: Experimental Insights from Kazakhstan.","authors":"Lespek Kutumbetov, Balzhan Myrzakhmetova, Aiganym Tussipova, Gulzhan Zhapparova, Karina Bissenbayeva, Talshyngul Tlenchiyeva, Sergazy Nurabayev, Aslan Kerimbayev, Mukhit Orynbayev, Edil Makhashov, Kuandyk Zhugunissov","doi":"10.3390/v17091231","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17091231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an extremely contagious viral disease that significantly affects the health of small ruminants and the economies of livestock, particularly in areas adjacent to endemic regions. This study focused on assessing the vulnerability of different domestic and wild animal species in Kazakhstan, which includes local sheep and goats, African Cameroon goats, saigas, calves, and ground squirrels, to infection by the PPR virus (PPRV). Experimental infections used a virulent strain of PPRV (Nigeria 76/1), with animals being monitored over a period of 21-28 days to evaluate clinical signs, pathological lesions, and viral dissemination. The manifestation of disease differed across species, breed, and age. In Cameroon, goats and saigas displayed severe illness with a mortality rate of 100% and elevated virus levels in key organs, whereas local sheep and goats presented age-related subacute, abortive, and latent manifestations. Calves exhibited mild, subclinical infections, while ground squirrels showed no susceptibility. Viral shedding was observed in the secretions of infected animals, with transmission occurring through airborne and alimentary pathways. No virus carriage was detected in the animals that had recovered. The investigation emphasizes the notable variations in PPRV pathogenesis and transmission risk among different species, highlighting the necessity for focused surveillance and control strategies to avert incursions in PPR-free areas like Kazakhstan.</p>","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145180116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on Rinaldi et al. Assessment of Response and Safety of Bulevirtide Treatment in Patients with Chronic Delta Virus Infection: The ARISTOTLE Pilot Observational Study. <i>Viruses</i> 2025, <i>17</i>, 251.","authors":"Muhammad Hassan Saeed, Muhammad Ahmed Zaheer, Bhunesh Kumar, Arslan Ali, Muhammad Ahmed Shaikh","doi":"10.3390/v17091227","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17091227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection poses a serious global health burden due to its rapid progression to cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monocyte Dynamics in Chikungunya Fever: Sustained Activation and Vascular-Coagulation Pathway Involvement.","authors":"Caroline Fernandes Dos Santos, Priscila Conrado Guerra Nunes, Victor Edgar Fiestas-Solorzano, Mariana Gandini, Flavia Barreto Dos Santos, Roberta Olmo Pinheiro, Luís Jose de Souza, Paulo Vieira Damasco, Luzia Maria de Oliveira Pinto, Elzinandes Leal de Azeredo","doi":"10.3390/v17091224","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17091224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chikungunya fever (CF), caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), is characterized by disabling symptoms such as joint pain that can last for months. Monocytes play a central role in immune modulation and viral replication during infection. This study evaluated the clinical and immunological profiles of patients with laboratory-confirmed CF. Fever and joint pain were the most frequently reported symptoms, whereas edema was more common in women. CHIKV-infect individuals exhibited increased TLR4 expression in non-classical monocytes (CD14+CD16++). Additionally, intermediate (CD14+CD16+) and non-classical (CD14+CD16++) monocytes expressing TLR7 were enriched during the acute phase and in some chronic patients, thereby suggest prolonged TLR7 pathway activation. Levels of soluble CD163 (sCD163)-a marker of monocyte/macrophage activation-were elevated as well, indicating sustained immune activation. Coagulation-related mediators-including Tissue factor (TF) and Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI)-also increased, despite the rarity of hemorrhagic events or thrombocytopenia. Patients with arthritis demonstrated higher frequencies of TLR7+ intermediate monocytes and elevated Epidermal growth factor (EGF) levels, whereas those with edema exhibit increased Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels. Overall, these findings highlighted the differential activation of CD16+ monocytes and suggested that sCD163 is a marker of monocyte/macrophage activation during CHIKV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145180055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into Novel Viral Threats in Sweetpotato from Burkina Faso: Characterisation of Unexplored Pathogens.","authors":"Pakyendou E Name, Ezechiel B Tibiri, Fidèle Tiendrébéogo, Seydou Sawadogo, Florencia Djigma, Lassina Traoré, Angela O Eni, Justin S Pita","doi":"10.3390/v17091222","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17091222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sweetpotato is a key staple crop in tropical and subtropical regions. Its vegetative propagation makes it a persistent reservoir, facilitating the emergence and spread of complex infections. Understanding its virome is crucial for disease management and food security. We investigated the sweetpotato virome in Burkina Faso using rolling circle amplification and Oxford Nanopore sequencing. Eight symptomatic leaf samples, previously undiagnosed using conventional methods, were analysed. Bioinformatic pipelines were employed followed by phylogenetic comparisons. Two viruses known to infect sweetpotato, namely sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) and sweet potato leaf curl deltasatellite 3 (SPLCD3), were consistently detected in all samples. Additionally, pepper yellow vein Mali virus (PepYVMV), cotton leaf curl Gezira alphasatellite (CLCuGeA) and cotton leaf curl Gezira betasatellite (CLCuGeB) were identified for the first time in this crop. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed their genetic proximity to isolates from tomato, okra and pepper. Their co-occurrence with SPLCV and SPLCD3 indicates a complex viral landscape that could influence disease severity. This study highlights the underestimated role of sweetpotato as a viral reservoir, influencing virus evolution and transmission. Further studies should assess their pathogenicity, co-infection dynamics and vector-mediated transmission to improve crop productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145180149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}