Acta Geotechnica最新文献

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Large-scale testing to assess the performance of biogeochemical and soil cover systems for landfill gas mitigation 大规模测试,评估生物地球化学和土壤覆盖系统对垃圾填埋气体减缓的性能
IF 5.6 1区 工程技术
Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-024-02511-9
Gaurav Verma, Jyoti K. Chetri, Krishna R. Reddy, Stefan J. Green
{"title":"Large-scale testing to assess the performance of biogeochemical and soil cover systems for landfill gas mitigation","authors":"Gaurav Verma,&nbsp;Jyoti K. Chetri,&nbsp;Krishna R. Reddy,&nbsp;Stefan J. Green","doi":"10.1007/s11440-024-02511-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-024-02511-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fugitive emissions of methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), and hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) from municipal solid waste landfills are major environmental concerns. To address this, a biogeochemical cover (BGCC) system is developed to mitigate these emissions. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the BGCC in comparison with a conventional soil cover (SC) system using a new large-scale laboratory setup that simulates near-field scale conditions. Both cover systems were exposed to synthetic landfill gas (LFG) across five phases, featuring varying gas compositions and influx rates. Surface emission rates and gas concentrations were continuously monitored. Post-termination of the experiments, both cover systems were dismantled, and samples were collected from different depths and locations to analyze spatial variations in physico-chemical properties. Select samples from the biocover layer of both the cover systems and basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag layer of BGCC were subjected to batch tests to measure potential CH<sub>4</sub> oxidation rates and residual carbonation capacity, respectively. The results showed that both cover systems achieved their highest CH<sub>4</sub> removal efficiency at moderate influx rates (23.9–25.5 g CH<sub>4</sub>/m<sup>2</sup>-day), with BGCC's CH<sub>4</sub> removal ranging from 74.7 to 79.7% and SC's from 83.5 to 99.8%. Complete H<sub>2</sub>S removal occurred in the biocover layer of both systems. The highest average CH<sub>4</sub> oxidation rates were 277.9 µg CH<sub>4</sub>/g-day at 50 cm below-ground surface (bgs) in BGCC and 260.2 µg CH<sub>4</sub>/g-day at 70 cm bgs in SC, with the lowest oxidation rates observed at deeper regions (at 85 cm bgs) of both covers. The breakthrough of CO<sub>2</sub> occurred after 156 days of continuous exposure and could be attributed to the desiccation of the BOF slag layer. Overall, the BGCC system effectively mitigated CH<sub>4</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub>S emissions, whereas the SC system only mitigated CH<sub>4</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>S at moderate flux rates, indicating that BGCC provides a comprehensive solution for LFG mitigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"20 3","pages":"1471 - 1494"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
DEM parameter calibration based on multi-objective Bayesian optimization and prior physical information 基于多目标贝叶斯优化和先验物理信息的DEM参数标定
IF 5.6 1区 工程技术
Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-025-02537-7
Ni An, Guanqi Wang, Di Wang, Gang Ma, Xiaolin Chang, Wei Zhou
{"title":"DEM parameter calibration based on multi-objective Bayesian optimization and prior physical information","authors":"Ni An,&nbsp;Guanqi Wang,&nbsp;Di Wang,&nbsp;Gang Ma,&nbsp;Xiaolin Chang,&nbsp;Wei Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11440-025-02537-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-025-02537-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The discrete element method (DEM) is proving to be a reliable tool for studying the behavior of granular materials and has been increasingly used in recent years. The accuracy of a DEM model depends heavily on the accuracy of the particle property parameters chosen which is of vital importance for studying the mechanical properties of granular materials. However, the existing DEM parameter calibration methods are limited in terms of applicability, and the trial-and-error method remains the most common way for DEM parameter calibration. This paper presents a novel calibration method for DEM parameters using the multi-objective tree-structured parzen estimator algorithm based on prior physical information (MOTPE-PPI). The MOTPE-PPI does not rely on the training datasets and may optimize with every single test, significantly reducing the computational efforts for DEM simulation. Moreover, MOTPE-PPI is suitable for a variety of contact models and damping parameters in DEM simulation, showing robust applicability and practical feasibility. Taking an example, the DEM parameters of sandy gravel material collected from Dashixia rockfill dam in China are calibrated using MOTPE-PPI in the paper. The prior physical information is obtained through a series of triaxial loading–unloading tests, single-particle crushing tests, and literature research. Seven parameters in the rolling resistance linear contact model and breakage model are considered, and the optimization process takes only 25 iterations. Through quantitative comparison with existing parameter calibration methods, the high efficiency and wide applicability of the DEM parameter calibration method proposed in this study. The calibrated DEM parameters are used to investigate the hysteretic behavior and deformation characteristics of the granular material, revealing that the accumulation of plastic strain and resilient modulus is related to confining pressure, stress level, and the number of cycles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"20 3","pages":"1379 - 1401"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sand stiffness variability induced by stochastic distributions of calcite precipitates: a Monte Carlo-DEM study 方解石沉淀随机分布引起的砂刚度变化:Monte Carlo-DEM研究
IF 5.6 1区 工程技术
Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-025-02539-5
Meng Sun, Pengfei Liu, Yuxuan Chen, Bate Bate, Fan Xue
{"title":"Sand stiffness variability induced by stochastic distributions of calcite precipitates: a Monte Carlo-DEM study","authors":"Meng Sun,&nbsp;Pengfei Liu,&nbsp;Yuxuan Chen,&nbsp;Bate Bate,&nbsp;Fan Xue","doi":"10.1007/s11440-025-02539-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-025-02539-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The inclusion of calcite precipitates (CaCO<sub>3</sub>) in soft soil can improve the mechanical properties. Understanding the variability in sand stiffness due to heterogeneous precipitates is crucial for stiffness evaluation and prediction. A novel discrete element-Monte Carlo (DE-MC) method was proposed to quantify the sand stiffness variability induced by stochastic distributions of calcite precipitates, specifically focusing on shear wave velocity (<i>V</i><sub>s</sub>) as an indicator of soil stiffness. A total of 1972 samples were constructed to simulate stochastic spatial distributions of calcite precipitates. Through joint stochastic analysis, the preferential paths formed by calcite clusters were identified as significant contributors to <i>V</i><sub>s</sub> variability. The normalized connectivity per unity distance contact weight (<i>C</i><sub><i>d,n</i></sub>) exhibited the most correlated relation with <i>V</i><sub>s</sub>. Two weight selection methods were applicable for using <i>C</i><sub><i>d,n</i></sub> to characterize and predict <i>V</i><sub>s</sub>. The results suggest that the DE-MC method has the potential to assess the variability in sand stiffness quantitatively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"20 3","pages":"1363 - 1377"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A chemo-mechanical model of the swelling of anhydritic claystones 无水粘土溶胀的化学-力学模型
IF 5.6 1区 工程技术
Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-024-02447-0
Antonia Nousiou, Georgios Anagnostou
{"title":"A chemo-mechanical model of the swelling of anhydritic claystones","authors":"Antonia Nousiou,&nbsp;Georgios Anagnostou","doi":"10.1007/s11440-024-02447-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-024-02447-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Anhydritic claystones are widely distributed in the Gypsum Keuper formation. Their swelling is associated with the chemical process of anhydrite to gypsum transformation and has caused extensive damages in tunnels. Even though this problem has attracted great scientific interest, an adequate mathematical description of the swelling of anhydritic rocks is still missing. The present paper contributes towards closing this gap by formulating a coupled chemo-mechanical constitutive model, which considers anhydritic rock as an elastoplastic porous medium according to the principle of effective stresses, with a Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion, a non-associated flow rule and an additional, chemically induced strain component. The volumetric chemical strain is equal to the sum of the changes of the volume of the solids and of the pore volume. The change of the volume of the solids depends on the stoichiometry of the chemical reaction and is proportional to the mass of the transformed anhydrite. The pore volume may increase or decrease during the anhydrite to gypsum transformation, depending on how gypsum grows. The pore volume increases if the gypsum crystals crack and expand the matrix, and decreases if the gypsum crystals precipitate within the available pore space. The proposed model considers experimental results according to which the higher the stresses and porosity, the lower the increase in pore volume. In addition, the model assumes that the chemical strains are coaxial with the principal stresses and that the volumetric chemical strain in each principal direction is inversely proportional to the corresponding principal stress. The model is calibrated with results of tests on artificial anhydrite-kaolin specimens and achieves a very high correlation degree (<i>R</i><sup><i>2</i></sup> = 0.92).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"20 2","pages":"823 - 841"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11440-024-02447-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the effectiveness of monitoring the axial force of anchors based on sensor-enabled piezoelectric geocable (SPGC) 基于传感器压电式地力表(SPGC)监测锚杆轴向力的有效性评价
IF 5.6 1区 工程技术
Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-024-02513-7
Xiuqing Hu, Dafang Zheng, Zhiming Liu, Jun Wang, Ziyang Gao, Hongtao Fu, Junfeng Ni
{"title":"Evaluation of the effectiveness of monitoring the axial force of anchors based on sensor-enabled piezoelectric geocable (SPGC)","authors":"Xiuqing Hu,&nbsp;Dafang Zheng,&nbsp;Zhiming Liu,&nbsp;Jun Wang,&nbsp;Ziyang Gao,&nbsp;Hongtao Fu,&nbsp;Junfeng Ni","doi":"10.1007/s11440-024-02513-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-024-02513-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Anchor rods are typically used for support. The axial force of anchor rods changes owing to the stress change of the rock and soil body on the slope; therefore, monitoring the axial force enables the early detection of landslides. However, the accurate monitoring of the axial force change of bolt faces many challenges, such as high monitoring cost and limited monitoring range. Therefore, a new, efficient, and cost-effective monitoring technology needs to be developed to address these challenges. In this study, a sensor-enabled piezoelectric geocable (SPGC) with an impedance–strain effect was used, which has the advantages of low cost, distribution, and quantization. The SPGC was attached to a bolt to form a sensor-enabled piezoelectric anchor rod (SPAR). SPAR tensile tests with different groove sizes, loading rates, and SPGC lengths were performed using the displacement loading method. The test results show that the normalized impedance curve of the SPAR has a good correspondence with the stress–strain curve and decreases with an increase in the tensile stress of the SPAR. The dimensions of the notch of the SPAR affect the failure speed of the SPGC in tension, and the optimal size of the notch of the SPAR is a semicircle with a diameter of 3 mm. An increase in tensile rate accelerates the monitoring failure of the SPAR, whereas an increase in SPGC length accelerates the decline rate of the normalized impedance curve and the monitoring failure of the SPAR. The SPAR can accurately monitor the axial stress change and failure process of the bolt, which can provide technical support for the distributed deformation monitoring of the slope, and is expected to provide a new solution for the monitoring and early warning of slope engineering.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"20 5","pages":"2483 - 2496"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143918958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bayesian approach for probabilistic-based characterization of the shear stiffness–deflection curves of adhesive particle contacts 基于概率表征黏合剂颗粒接触剪切刚度-挠度曲线的贝叶斯方法
IF 5.6 1区 工程技术
Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-024-02504-8
Sarath C. R. Nallala, Kostas Senetakis, Yu Wang
{"title":"Bayesian approach for probabilistic-based characterization of the shear stiffness–deflection curves of adhesive particle contacts","authors":"Sarath C. R. Nallala,&nbsp;Kostas Senetakis,&nbsp;Yu Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11440-024-02504-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-024-02504-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The assessment of shear stiffness characteristics at the contact of particles is important in multi-scale modeling of geological materials and other problems involving powders and grains. Generally speaking, the Mindlin–Deresiewicz model is very often used to fit the shear load–deflection response curves for non-conforming contacts; however, this model does not provide an accurate fitting for coated or partially cemented sand grains. These materials displace a significant variation in their mechanical and morphological features resulting in scattered roughness profiles and micromechanical response. This brings high uncertainty in the assessment of their shear load–deflection behavior, as previous studies have shown a difficulty to clearly define a steady-state response (based on Coulomb’s friction criteria) which is the theoretical basis for the Mindlin–Deresiewicz model. Therefore, we propose in this work, a novel Bayesian-based probabilistic approach to analyze and select the best suitable model among three modified hyperbolic models to fit the shear load–deflection curves for coated or partially cemented grains. For this purpose, the shear load–deflection response of the contacting grains is presented in terms of secant stiffness curves. An objective procedure was followed to optimize and select the most appropriate analytical model for the given dataset analyzed in the study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"20 5","pages":"2395 - 2420"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On-site test of fixed mobile sand dunes using combined technology of sand plants and EICP in the Ulanbuh Desert, China 乌兰布赫沙漠沙厂与EICP联合技术固定移动沙丘现场试验
IF 5.6 1区 工程技术
Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-024-02524-4
Chi Li, Shuanhu Li, Jiawei Xing, Yu Gao, De Yao
{"title":"On-site test of fixed mobile sand dunes using combined technology of sand plants and EICP in the Ulanbuh Desert, China","authors":"Chi Li,&nbsp;Shuanhu Li,&nbsp;Jiawei Xing,&nbsp;Yu Gao,&nbsp;De Yao","doi":"10.1007/s11440-024-02524-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-024-02524-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mobile sand dunes have been recognized as quite tricky natural disaster in Central and Western China. Consequently, proposing an effective and environmentally friendly method to combat mobile sand dunes is of great significance. In this study, a combined technology, enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) and sand plants, is proposed to control the mobile sand dunes. Laboratory experiments and large-scale on-site tests were conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of this combined technology to improve the success rate for treating mobile sand dunes. The results showed that using a first spray solution before germination with concentrations of 0.05 mol/L (calcium source solution) and 10 g/L (urease solution), the sand plants (Alfalfa, Astragalus, and Sarcozygium) had an optimal germination rate. For the second spray solution after germination, it is recommended to employ a solution comprising 0.05 mol/L, 40 g/L at an application amount of 4 L/m<sup>2</sup> (spray amount), using a one-phase injection method to improve the spray efficiency, which had the highest strength, the best water retention, and the best erosion resistance. Therefore, wind erosion resistance during on-site test was significantly improved, and the desert sands in the Ulanbuh Desert were not affected by wind for 60 days or more. The results demonstrated that combined technology was effective in preventing mobile sand dune movement, which presents promising potential for wide application in desert area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"20 4","pages":"1921 - 1934"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Statistical damage constitutive model of MICP-treated specimens based on lognormal distribution 基于对数正态分布的mip处理试样统计损伤本构模型
IF 5.6 1区 工程技术
Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-024-02509-3
Qiwu Jiang, Ming Huang, Kai Xu, Mingjuan Cui, Shuang Li, Guixiao Jin
{"title":"Statistical damage constitutive model of MICP-treated specimens based on lognormal distribution","authors":"Qiwu Jiang,&nbsp;Ming Huang,&nbsp;Kai Xu,&nbsp;Mingjuan Cui,&nbsp;Shuang Li,&nbsp;Guixiao Jin","doi":"10.1007/s11440-024-02509-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-024-02509-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technique has the potential to be an eco-friendly and sustainable solution for engineering problems. Despite the extensive amount of research that has been conducted recently on the MICP technique, there are few studies on the constitutive model of MICP-treated specimens. In this study, the statistical damage constitutive model of MICP-treated specimens was established based on the statistical theory and damage mechanics theory. The proposed model assumed that the microelement strength of biocemented sand follows the lognormal distribution and the Drucker–Prager criterion. The parameters <i>S</i><sub><i>0</i></sub> and <i>F</i><sub><i>0</i></sub> in the constitutive model were determined, and their physical significance was then discussed. The reasonableness of the proposed model was verified by comparing the theoretical results and the experimental results. The evolution of the damage variable (<i>D</i>), parameter <i>S</i><sub><i>0,</i></sub> and parameter <i>F</i><sub><i>0</i></sub> with different calcium carbonate content (<i>CCC</i>) was analyzed. The statistical damage model based on the lognormal distribution was then compared with that based on the Weibull distribution. The results show that the parameter <i>F</i><sub><i>0</i></sub> and <i>S</i><sub><i>0</i></sub> can reflect the limiting strength and brittleness of MICP-treated specimens.. The specimens with higher cementation tend to have a higher accelerated damage rate. The damage variables eventually reach a stable value as the axial deformation increases. The proposed model can reflect the strain softening and strain hardening phenomena well, which can also represent the shear expansion and shear contraction characteristics of the volume strain curve. Overall, the research in this study can provide some theoretical support for the engineering application of MICP-treated specimens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"20 4","pages":"1759 - 1775"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Field study on the shaft capacity of pre-bored grouted planted pile embedded in deep soft soil 深埋软土中预钻孔灌注桩立井承载力的现场研究
IF 5.6 1区 工程技术
Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-024-02522-6
Jia-jin Zhou, Ri-hong Zhang, Jian-lin Yu, Xiao-nan Gong, Wei Ming
{"title":"Field study on the shaft capacity of pre-bored grouted planted pile embedded in deep soft soil","authors":"Jia-jin Zhou,&nbsp;Ri-hong Zhang,&nbsp;Jian-lin Yu,&nbsp;Xiao-nan Gong,&nbsp;Wei Ming","doi":"10.1007/s11440-024-02522-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-024-02522-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents a group of field tests to investigate the shaft capacity of pre-bored grouted planted (PGP) pile embedded in deep soft soil. Totally three test PGP piles were designed for the static load tests. The fiber optic sensors were equipped along the PHC pile shaft of two test piles to investigate the reliability and accuracy of fiber optic sensors on measuring the axial force of PGP pile. The diameter of cemented soil column of test PGP pile was 560 mm, and the diameter of core PHC pipe pile was 400 mm. The thickness of cemented soil layer around the PHC pipe pile reached 80 mm. The test results showed that: the base capacity of three test piles were all not fully mobilized when loaded to the designed ultimate capacity 3000 kN, and the base capacity of test pile TP1 and TP2 were 14.4% and 14.8%, respectively of the applied pile head load when loaded to 3000 kN. The skin friction of cemented soil–soil interface was fully mobilized when the pile–soil relative displacement reached 10 mm, 1.8% D (D is pile diameter). The measured ultimate skin friction of test pile TP1 and TP2 in different soil layers were 1.21–1.88 times of the recommended ultimate skin friction of bored pile, which can be used for the design of PGP pile in following engineering projects. The increase of cemented soil layer thickness (increase of pile diameter) could increase the entire shaft capacity of PGP pile, on the condition that the core PHC pile and cemented soil layer act as a unit in the load transfer process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"20 4","pages":"1935 - 1946"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study on the automated characterization of particle size and shape of stacked gravelly soils via deep learning 基于深度学习的堆积砾石土粒径和形状自动表征研究
IF 5.6 1区 工程技术
Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-024-02493-8
Jian Gong, Ziyang Liu, Jiayan Nie, Yifei Cui, Jie Jiang, Xiaoduo Ou
{"title":"Study on the automated characterization of particle size and shape of stacked gravelly soils via deep learning","authors":"Jian Gong,&nbsp;Ziyang Liu,&nbsp;Jiayan Nie,&nbsp;Yifei Cui,&nbsp;Jie Jiang,&nbsp;Xiaoduo Ou","doi":"10.1007/s11440-024-02493-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-024-02493-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The mechanical behavior of gravelly soils is influenced by their particle size and shape. Traditionally, particle size and shape can be determined through sieve analysis, the Krumbein &amp; Sloss chart, or mathematical calculations based on discrete particle images. However, these methods are challenging to apply to the scenarios where particles are difficult to collect, such as when particles are oversized or located in remote areas. This study explores the feasibility of quantifying the size and shape of on-site stacked gravelly soils using a deep learning model. The deep learning model SOLOv2, based on convolutional neural network, is utilized as the foundational network framework for identifying particles in stacked particle images. The model’s performance is enhanced using modulated deformable convolution networks. To explore the impact of particle overlap in stacked particle images on quantification results, two recognition modes are considered: one that recognizes only nonoverlapping particles and another that recognizes all particles. The recognized particles are used to quantify corresponding size and shape parameters through mathematical calculations, such as Feret diameter, equivalent area diameter, roundness and sphericity. In addition, in order to verify the reliability of the quantitative results, this study conducts a systematic comparison with traditional methods. The comparative results indicate that, for particle size quantification, the trained model yields reliable measurements regardless of the recognition mode employed. However, for particle shape quantification, only the mode that recognizes nonoverlapping particles produces accurate shape measurement results. Consequently, the proposed trained model can accurately quantify the size and shape parameters of gravelly soils based solely on on-site stacked particle images, without the need for particle collection and separation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"20 5","pages":"2369 - 2394"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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