Acta Geotechnica最新文献

Mechanisms and mitigation effects of oblique seam linings in fault-crossing tunnels: combined experimental and numerical evidence under normal faulting 跨断隧道斜斜煤层衬砌的机理及缓解效果：正断层作用下的实验与数值结合证据

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-026-02954-2

Qi Wang, Yan Zhao, Yiying Chen, Ping Geng, Dingwei He, Guoliang Li, Jing Zhang, Huoming Shen

{"title":"Mechanisms and mitigation effects of oblique seam linings in fault-crossing tunnels: combined experimental and numerical evidence under normal faulting","authors":"Qi Wang, Yan Zhao, Yiying Chen, Ping Geng, Dingwei He, Guoliang Li, Jing Zhang, Huoming Shen","doi":"10.1007/s11440-026-02954-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-026-02954-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div>To evaluate the influence of sectional seam configurations (normal vs. oblique) on the fault-crossing performance of tunnels, this study integrates 1:40 scale model tests with three-dimensional elasto-plastic finite element simulations. The mechanical behavior and damage mechanisms of tunnels subjected to normal fault dislocation were comprehensively examined through deformation patterns, contact earth pressure, strain distribution, internal force characteristics, and failure modes. Experimental results indicate that tunnels with normal seams undergo severe longitudinal tensile-flexural failure and shear-induced spalling near the fault rupture surface, accompanied by dense cracking. In contrast, oblique seam tunnels demonstrate enhanced structural flexibility, reduced crack density, and absence of large-scale spalling, reflecting improved adaptability to fault displacement. Peak longitudinal strain was reduced by up to 80% at the crown exterior and 13% at the invert exterior, while earth pressure at the crown and invert decreased by 70 and 20%, respectively. To validate these findings, numerical simulations employing the concrete damaged plasticity (CDP) model were conducted. The results exhibited consistent damage evolution trends, with oblique seams effectively redistributing tensile stress and mitigating compressive damage. Furthermore, global damage indices quantitatively confirmed the superior fortification performance of oblique seam linings. This integrated experimental–numerical approach offers robust evidence and a scientific basis for the seismic design and resilience enhancement of tunnels intersecting normal faults.</div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"21 2","pages":"1119 - 1146"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147558686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A single-stress elasto-plastic triaxial model for saturated and unsaturated soils 饱和和非饱和土的单应力弹塑性三轴模型

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-025-02903-5

Agostino Walter Bruno, Domenico Gallipoli

{"title":"A single-stress elasto-plastic triaxial model for saturated and unsaturated soils","authors":"Agostino Walter Bruno, Domenico Gallipoli","doi":"10.1007/s11440-025-02903-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-025-02903-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div>This paper presents a constitutive model for predicting the behaviour of saturated and unsaturated soils under compression and shearing, utilising a single-stress elasto-plastic framework. The model extends the scaled stress concept from isotropic to triaxial stress states, enabling a unified approach to modelling both saturated and unsaturated soils under general loading conditions. Central to the model is a capillary bonding function, which leads to the definition of a unified normal compression line (UNCL) for both saturated and unsaturated soils, relating the void ratio to the mean scaled stress in a semi-logarithmic plane. This UNCL is integrated into the modified Cam-Clay model for saturated soils by replacing the effective stress with the scaled stress to account for partial saturation. In particular, the deviatoric scaled stress is defined using the same scaling factor applied to isotropic stress states. To further enhance the model, an alternative yield function is also introduced to improve the prediction of volumetric strains at critical state. The proposed constitutive framework has been validated against four distinct sets of triaxial tests on fine-grained soils, ranging from clays to silts, under constant suction. The results confirm the robustness of the model, showing that the scaled stress variable effectively normalises the behaviour of both saturated and unsaturated soils under isotropic and deviatoric loading conditions. The flexibility in positioning the unified critical state line (UCSL) generally enhances the prediction of volumetric behaviour during shearing across varying suction levels.</div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"21 3","pages":"1615 - 1628"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11440-025-02903-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147561234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An experimental and numerical study on the influence of inherent and induced anisotropy of a fine-grained soil 细粒土固有各向异性和诱导各向异性影响的实验与数值研究

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2026-02-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-025-02913-3

Merita Tafili, Sabine Gehring, Lukas Knittel, Torsten Wichtmann, Hans H. Stutz

引用次数: 0

Influence of water level on seismic behavior of caisson quay walls with fiber-reinforced calcareous sand backfill 水位对纤维增强钙质砂充填沉箱码头墙抗震性能的影响

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2026-02-19 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-025-02823-4

Jie Tan, Xueyu Geng, Feifan Ren, Qiangqiang Huang, Chao Shen

{"title":"Influence of water level on seismic behavior of caisson quay walls with fiber-reinforced calcareous sand backfill","authors":"Jie Tan, Xueyu Geng, Feifan Ren, Qiangqiang Huang, Chao Shen","doi":"10.1007/s11440-025-02823-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-025-02823-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Caisson quay walls with calcareous sand backfill (CQW-CSB), as the main form of gravity marine structures, are prone to large deformation or even instability during earthquakes. Fiber reinforcement is an effective measure to greatly enhance the seismic performance of CQW-CSBs. However, its seismic behavior under conditions of large water level fluctuations caused by dynamic hydrology such as tidal effects and extreme precipitation has not been systematically studied. In this study, a series of shaking table tests were carried out to investigate the influence of water level changes on the seismic performance of caisson quay wall with fiber-reinforced calcareous sand backfill (CQW-FRCSB). The test results show that the acceleration amplification factor, horizontal dynamic soil pressure, and excess pore water pressure gradually increase with increasing water level, indicating that high water level has an adverse effect on the seismic stability of CQW-FRCSBs. In addition, regardless of the water level, fiber reinforcement can effectively limit the excess pore water pressure below the liquefaction threshold even under strong seismic excitation, thereby preventing large deformations caused by liquefaction. Moreover, increasing the water level exacerbates the horizontal displacement, ground settlement, and surface cracks propagation of quay walls. At an input acceleration of 0.6 g, a rise in water level induces significant horizontal displacement and settlement that is at least 476% and 280% greater than that of a structure backfilled with dry soil. Overall, the seismic design of CQW-CSB should carefully consider water level changes, and fiber reinforcement is an effective technology to improve its seismic performance.</div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"21 3","pages":"1773 - 1792"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147560405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inversion and similarity characterization on the interface of geological formations using conditional random field and image structural similarity 基于条件随机场和图像结构相似性的地层界面反演及相似性表征

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-026-02923-9

Liang Han, Haijun Liu, Wengang Zhang, Yu Wang, Hanting Diao

{"title":"Inversion and similarity characterization on the interface of geological formations using conditional random field and image structural similarity","authors":"Liang Han, Haijun Liu, Wengang Zhang, Yu Wang, Hanting Diao","doi":"10.1007/s11440-026-02923-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-026-02923-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Interface of geological formations (IGF) refers to the interface between adjacent strata of different types, presenting significant challenges in underground structure construction. This study addresses two key issues regarding to IGF, including the IGF inversion and IGF similarity characterization. The IGF inversion algorithm was developed by integrating the Bayesian-based conditional random field with trend functions. The proposed algorithm not only considers the mean uncertainty to mitigate the effect of human factors on determination of the prior information, but also simultaneously handles the sparsity and trend characteristics inherent in the measurements. IGF similarity characterization method was also developed by combing this novel IGF inversion algorithm with image structural similarity (SSIM) theory. The performance of the IGF inversion algorithm was demonstrated using a set of real rockhead data. The effectiveness of IGF similarity characterization method was also validated through an advance drilling project. The results indicate that the proposed IGF similarity characterization method provides a rational assessment of IGF similarity among different sites, yielding an absolute and monotonic similarity indicator within the range of [0, 1]. Moreover, the uncertainty associated with the similarity characterization results can be quantified.</div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"21 4","pages":"2427 - 2448"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147727615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A semi-analytical method for high retaining wall earth pressure in concrete face rockfill dam 面板堆石坝高挡土墙土压力的半解析方法

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-025-02909-z

Yaxin Feng, Bin Tian, Zhenzhong Shen, Hongwei Zhang, Lei Gan, Liqun Xu, Yiqing Sun

{"title":"A semi-analytical method for high retaining wall earth pressure in concrete face rockfill dam","authors":"Yaxin Feng, Bin Tian, Zhenzhong Shen, Hongwei Zhang, Lei Gan, Liqun Xu, Yiqing Sun","doi":"10.1007/s11440-025-02909-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-025-02909-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div>To optimize the stress distribution of the face slab, high retaining walls have recently been constructed at the toe of concrete face rockfill dams. The stability of such retaining walls is critical for dam safety. However, an accurate quantitative method for calculating earth pressure on high retaining walls remains lacking. Based on the distinct stress states of the rockfill behind the high retaining wall, the backfill was divided into four zones, and the influence of each zone on the earth pressure was analyzed separately. A semi-analytical method was proposed based on Rankine’s earth pressure theory, incorporating two key parameters obtained through a surrogate model. This surrogate model, developed using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and the Kriging model, demonstrated high predictive accuracy. The Coulomb’s active earth pressure theory was shown to be unsuitable for the exploration of earth pressure on high retaining walls in concrete face rockfill dams. The proposed semi-analytical method was validated through the numerical simulation of a dam in China, which indicated close agreement with the simulation results and a relative error of less than 10%. The key parameters required for the method were accurately derived from the PSO-Kriging surrogate model. This study confirmed the superiority of the proposed method in calculating earth pressure on high retaining walls in concrete face rockfill dams.</div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"21 3","pages":"1591 - 1614"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147559012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tensile strength and failure modes of bio-cemented grains: insights from DEM simulations 生物胶结颗粒的抗拉强度和破坏模式：来自DEM模拟的见解

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-025-02872-9

Xiwei Li, Junliang Tao, Leon A. van Paassen

{"title":"Tensile strength and failure modes of bio-cemented grains: insights from DEM simulations","authors":"Xiwei Li, Junliang Tao, Leon A. van Paassen","doi":"10.1007/s11440-025-02872-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-025-02872-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) is an emerging ground improvement technique that can be used to improve the geotechnical properties of sandy soils. Although the enhancement effects have been widely investigated at laboratory benchtop scale and field scale, the MICP-treated soil responses at the particle scale are still underexplored and fundamental insight about the nature of the cementitious bonds is still limited. The precipitation pattern and crystal morphology of the deposited CaCO3 in the soil matrix may vary and significantly affect the mechanical behavior. Knowledge about the grain–crystal interactions at the particle-scale level is required for further understanding. In this study, the discrete element method (DEM) is adopted to explore the pull-out response of a pair of MICP-treated grains subjected to tensile loading. A particle generation algorithm has been developed and implemented in the numerical model, which aims to simulate the crystal nucleation and growth process and create a wedge-shaped CaCO3 crystal near the grain contacts that forms a cementitious bond between the two grains. The numerical approach was validated based on the particle-scale experiments from the literature. Various CaCO3 precipitation patterns are simulated, and failure characteristics are analyzed. The simulation results indicate that tensile failure can occur in both debonding and internal failure modes, depending on cementation content, crystal morphology, and CaCO3 spatial distribution. The results presented herein can also be used for element-scale DEM models to further analyze MICP-treated soil behavior.</div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"21 4","pages":"1899 - 1922"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147727621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analytical model and numerical simulation for stiffened deep cement mixing piles under vertical load 竖向荷载作用下加劲深层水泥搅拌桩解析模型及数值模拟

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-025-02911-5

Zhiyu Gong, Haoran Ouyang, Guoliang Dai, Xinsheng Chen, YuTeng Liu

{"title":"Analytical model and numerical simulation for stiffened deep cement mixing piles under vertical load","authors":"Zhiyu Gong, Haoran Ouyang, Guoliang Dai, Xinsheng Chen, YuTeng Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11440-025-02911-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-025-02911-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div>This study presents a theoretical framework for describing the load–deformation characteristics of stiffened deep cement mixing (SDCM) piles in both isolated piles and pile groups. To simplify the computational analysis, the equivalent pier method is employed to transform the SDCM piles or pile groups into a unified pier representation, thereby resolving the challenge of inconsistent calculation approaches for different pile types (including long-core, equal-core and short-core SDCM piles). A theoretical model according to the load transfer method is subsequently established to characterize the vertical bearing performance of these equivalent piers. In the theoretical framework, the exponential model is adopted to characterize the nonlinear behavior of the equivalent pier–soil interface, whereas the elastic–perfectly plastic model is adopted to characterize the interface compression characteristics of the pier bottom–soil interface. The calculation results in this article are highly consistent with previous onsite results, theoretical calculation results, and finite element results. Finally, the parameters (types of isolated SDCM piles, pile spacing Sij and cement–soil depth Lc) are analyzed and studied using theoretical models.</div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"21 3","pages":"1573 - 1590"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147561090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conditioning and prediction methods for the permeability of the slurry mixed sandy soil 浆料混合砂土渗透性的调节与预测方法

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-025-02876-5

Xiong Zhou, Xiaoyang Liu, Yuyou Yang, Jiangbo Yang, Yajian Wang

{"title":"Conditioning and prediction methods for the permeability of the slurry mixed sandy soil","authors":"Xiong Zhou, Xiaoyang Liu, Yuyou Yang, Jiangbo Yang, Yajian Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11440-025-02876-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11440-025-02876-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Excessive soil permeability during Earth Pressure Balance (EPB) Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) operations in sandy strata can induce screw conveyor spewing. Although bentonite slurry is widely used to mitigate such risks by reducing permeability, the selection of slurry parameters for sandy soils with different particle sizes is still mainly based on experience. This study researched the permeability characteristics of sandy soils conditioned with bentonite slurry. Three sandy soil samples with different effective particle sizes (d10) were selected for the experiment. The experiment was conducted by adjusting the bentonite slurry concentration (Sc), slurry injection ratio (SIR) and air pressure (P). The k was calculated as the main performance indicator. Regression analysis and least squares methods were employed to establish a k prediction model considering P, d10, SIR, and Sc. The validity of the prediction model was verified using data from the literature and Extreme Gradient Boosting algorithm, respectively. Research found that the k decreases with increasing Sc and SIR, respectively. The reason is that an increase in Sc enhances local flow resistance and Reynolds number, thereby obstructing pore fluid flow, while an increase in SIR promotes the filling of fine particles in the pores. As d10 increases, the pore size of sandy soil increases, leading to a higher k. Based on the empirical threshold, the study provides reasonable Sc and SIR ranges for sandy soils with different d10 values. Under pressure, the regularity of the influence of various factors on the k is consistent with that without P.</div>","PeriodicalId":49308,"journal":{"name":"Acta Geotechnica","volume":"21 3","pages":"1411 - 1432"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147561099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial: 20th anniversary of Acta Geotechnica 社论：《岩土学报》创刊20周年

IF 5.7 1区工程技术

Acta Geotechnica Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1007/s11440-026-02922-w

Wei Wu

引用次数: 0