JAIMC Journal of Allama Iqbal Medical College最新文献

{"title":"DELAY IN TURNAROUND TIME IN REPORTING SMALL BIOPSY SPECIMENS; AN EXPERIENCE FROM A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN LAHORE","authors":"Fakeha Rehman, Sadia Anwar, Rozina Shahadat khan, Rohma Saqib, Samreen Hameef","doi":"10.59058/jaimc.v21i3.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59058/jaimc.v21i3.131","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Turnaround time (TAT) is defined as time lapse between receiving of a specimen at laboratory reception till dispatch of the final histopathological diagnosis. TAT not only indicates an efficient indicator of a laboratory performance but is the most important concern of practicing physicians dealing with histopathology report.Aims & objectives: The aim of this study was to analyse the delay in turnaround time of different types of small biopsy specimens in histopathology section.Materials & methods: A cross sectional analysis was done on different types of small biopsy specimens reported by histopathology section. Delay in turnaround time involving different phases of testing was observed. Data was entered using SPSS version 26. Results: Majority of the reports were reported after a delay of 4-7days (n=83, 95%). Causes in delay mostly included recuts, regross, re-orientation, inappropriate history and delay in supply of reagents in case of shortage. Inappropriate supervision and training of newly hired technical staff was a major factor in ordering of recuts, reorientation and restains.Conclusion: Turnaround Time, a measure of quality assurance, is essential to the efficient operation of a successful histopathology laboratory. The patient's anxiety is reduced and timely treatment is assisted by proper TAT","PeriodicalId":492993,"journal":{"name":"JAIMC Journal of Allama Iqbal Medical College","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136158428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of angular measurements in cephalometrics and photographs.","authors":"Atif Riaz, Ayesha Ashraf, None Shazia Ramzan, Samina Kadir, Farhan Ashraf, Nedal Iqbal","doi":"10.59058/jaimc.v21i3.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59058/jaimc.v21i3.114","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:
 Introduction: The evaluation of the facial profile is an important factor in any current orthodontic diagnosis and accurate treatment planning is dependent on it.
 Aims and Objectives: The aim and objective of the study is to find out differences in angular measurements between photographic and cephalometric measurements whether photographic measurements can be used in place of cephalometric measurements.
 Material & Methods: The study comprised 100 volunteers (50 males and 50 females) ranging in age from 12 to 16 years. The respondents were chosen at random throughout the sampling process. Cephalometric and photographic profile analysis was used, with angular measurements based on standard cephalometric and photographic records taken in natural head position in lateral view. Lateral cephalogram was used for cephalometric analysis and photograph taken in lateral view was used for evaluation. The study included four factors in total.
 Results: There was no significant difference in facial angular measurements between the cephalometric and photographic analysis.
 Conclusion: This study concluded that photographic measurements can be used in place of lateral cephalogram as there are negligible differences between them
 Keywords: Photographic analysis, Cephalometric analysis, Naso-labial angle, Naso-mental angle, Naso-frontal angle, Naso-facial angle","PeriodicalId":492993,"journal":{"name":"JAIMC Journal of Allama Iqbal Medical College","volume":"25 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136233760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of malondialdehyde, hydroxynonenal, isoprostane and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in osteoarthritis patients and healthy controls","authors":"Zoya Muzzafar, Mehreen Zaidi, None Shazia Ramzan, Neelum Bilal, Tania Ahmad Shakori, Fahim Hadi, Tahir Maqbool, Muhammad Tahir, Shabana Akhtar","doi":"10.59058/jaimc.v21i3.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59058/jaimc.v21i3.113","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract 
 Objective: To study the level of oxidative Stress markers like malondialdehyde, 4 Hydroxynonenal (HNE), Isoprostane and 8 hydroxyguanosine was measured in the serum, saliva and urine of the patients suffering from osteoarthritis.
 Methods: In this study, oxidative stress markers in the body fluids of Osteoarthritic( OA) patients were compared with the control groups. The level of stress markers were determined by commercially available quantitative ELISA kits.
 Result: Our findings indicate that the highest levels of these oxidative stress markers were detected in serum followed by urine. The saliva overall presented less levels of oxidative stress markers in individuals with and without OA. In addition to this detection of MDA in serum sample was found to be the most important tool in the detection of OA.
 Conclusion: the clinical significance of biomarkers of oxidative stress in humans must come from a critical analysis of the markers that should give an overall index of redox status in particular conditions.
 Keywords: Osteoarthritis, MDA, HNE, 8-Hydroxyguanosine, Isoprostane, lipidperoxidation","PeriodicalId":492993,"journal":{"name":"JAIMC Journal of Allama Iqbal Medical College","volume":"3 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136233179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Healthcar 131 e: Prospects and Limitations for Pakistan at the Blurry Cross roads","authors":"Zarabia Pervaiz Butt","doi":"10.59058/jaimc.v21i3.180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59058/jaimc.v21i3.180","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":492993,"journal":{"name":"JAIMC Journal of Allama Iqbal Medical College","volume":"10 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136158993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Piperine on Hypothalamic Pituitary Gonadal Axis of Female Albino Rats - A Probable Cause of PCOS","authors":"SAQIB MANSOOR, MUHAMMAD SUHAIL, AHMAD BILAL SUHAIL, AMINA ZIA, SADIA IQBAL, FAIZA SHAFQAT","doi":"10.59058/jaimc.v21i3.156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59058/jaimc.v21i3.156","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Piperine is a constituent of black pepper. When administered to female adult albino rats, it results in increased levels of LH and FSH, and thus causing diminished ability to procreate.
 Aim: Is determining the deleterious piperine influences on LH and FSH levels of adult female albino rats.
 Study design: It is Experimental
 Location and experiment span: Deptt. of Anatomy, FPGMI, Lahore extending from 01-08-13 to 31-01-14
 Methodology: By random selection from 30 rats, three equal groups were made, each with 10 animals. Control status was assigned to group A which was not given any medicine, but only N/S administered with the dosage 10ml/kg body wt./day by using NG tube for a span of 30 days. Group B was given piperine at dosage of 5mg/kg/day for a period of thirty days. The C group was administered drug at the dosage of 10mg per kg per day for the same period of time as A and B via the same route. At completion of thirty days of the study, the animals of the 3 groups were given euthanasia. Dissection was performed, their ovaries were removed, and after that fixed in 10% formalin. Then, 4-5 micrometer sections preparation was done by using the microtome and then H&E staining was carried out. 
 Results: FSH and LH levels in serum of group B rats was shown to have increased in comparison to control group A. The FSH and LH levels in rats of C group was greater than that in rats of B group. When the two groups were compared, this difference was determined to be extremely of significance having a p-value less than 0.001. 
 
 Conclusion: Giving Piperine to female adult albino rats was shown to cause significant increase in levels of FSH and LH which is likely to produce negative feedback on hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and in this way hamper female fertility during their productive years probably by causing PCOS.
 Key words: Piperine, Albino rat, ovaries, LH, FSH, fertility, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, PCOS 
","PeriodicalId":492993,"journal":{"name":"JAIMC Journal of Allama Iqbal Medical College","volume":"21 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136159341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Right renal mass, a rare disease and diagnostic dilemma in a young female","authors":"Faryal Azhar, Mudassar Niaz, Zakir Sial","doi":"10.59058/jaimc.v21i2.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59058/jaimc.v21i2.126","url":null,"abstract":"A 22-year-old female from Afghanistan presented with history of pain right lumbar region along with feeling of heaviness and weight loss. The abdominal examination revealed a mass approximately 10*10 cm in the right lumbar region which was bimanually palpable. The diagnosis of Right lumbar mass was made on ultrasound. Final CT scan confirmed its origin from right kidney along with metastasis in lung. The ultrasound guided biopsy turned out to be spindle cell tumour of kidney. Right sided nephrectomy along with removal of proximal ureter done. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of right kidney. Postoperative outcome of patient was uneventful.","PeriodicalId":492993,"journal":{"name":"JAIMC Journal of Allama Iqbal Medical College","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135059645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Naegleria Fowleri is Eating Brains of Our People: Are we Aware of That?","authors":"None Shahid Mahmood Sethi, Muhammad Arslan Tariq","doi":"10.59058/jaimc.v21i2.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59058/jaimc.v21i2.169","url":null,"abstract":"which we face challenges every day. On one hand, we are concerned with common communicable diseases like influenza, measles, chicken pox, malaria, where we have been able to protect our people with reasonable success, however, number of emerging diseases like dengue, COVID-19 and now Naegleria Fowleri infection is diverting our attention and resources. These emerging infections not only indicate a change in disease agents and host immunity but also reflect the climate change, which in turn is transforming the ecological settings where disease agents live. Man has manipulated nature for his sustenance in the name of development and at the expense of habitat of other living organisms. In doing so, he has exposed himself to certain dangers to his health and well-being. Even behaviors that are adopted for recreation has put him at risk of contracting unusual infections such as Naegleria Fowleri (brain-eating amoeba). Naegleria Fowleri is a free-living amoeba found in warm freshwater environments worldwide. It is a rare but highly lethal pathogen that can cause a devastating brain infection known as primary 1 amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). The amoeba enters the body through the nasal passages usually during activities such as swimming or diving in contaminated water. Once inside, it migrates to the brain, where it rapidly multiplies and causes severe inflammation, leading to neurological damage and 2 death. Naegleria Fowleri infections are exceedingly rare, with only a few cases sporadically reported worldwide each year. However, the infection carries an alarmingly high fatality rate and it is estimated to 3 be over 97%. Early symptoms, which could mimic bacterial meningitis, include headache, fever, nausea, and vomiting. As the disease progresses, patients may experience neurological symptoms like seizures, hallucinations, and altered mental status, often leading to a rapid deterioration within a few 1 days. There are almost 20 strains of Naegleria known but only Naegleria Fowleri is pathogenic in humans. Owing to the fact that it has unknown and possibly multifactorial mechanisms of pathogenesis, a deep insight into its genetic background can reveal the reason for severe and rapidly fatal disease. Identification of unique genetic markers (e.g., singletons, novel genes), novel paralogues of known genes or protein families, and genes obtained via horizontal gene transfer will be crucial for understanding the mechanism of disease caused by this deadly pathogen. A genomic approach involving searching whole genome of Naegleria Fowleri could identify novel locations for its clinical manifestations. NaÉgleria Fowleri is a rare infection and infection progresses quickly. The effective treatments pose challenge to the scientific community. Curêently, PAM is treated with a combination of drugs including amphotericin B, azithromycin, f luconazole , r i fampin, mil tefosine, and dexamethasone. Miltefosine is the newest of these drugs. It has been shown to k","PeriodicalId":492993,"journal":{"name":"JAIMC Journal of Allama Iqbal Medical College","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135059983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MICROALBUMINURIA IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY”","authors":"None Khalid Mehmood Khan, None Muzammal Aslam kataria, None Mohammad Saddam Rahman, Rehana Kanwal, Hassan Farooq, Rana Muhammad Arif","doi":"10.59058/jaimc.v21i2.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59058/jaimc.v21i2.52","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the most important factors in the development of cardiovascular diseases worldwide is Hypertension. A reliable indicator and a diagnostic modality in early stage of renal diseases and predictor of atrial hypertension (AH) progression is microalbminurea (MAU) which is also an independent risk factor of cardiovascular mortality and death.&#x0D; Objective: To determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria and left vertricular hypertrophy and assess correlation between micro albuminuria and LVH among newly diagnosed hypertensive patients.&#x0D; Methods: A cross sectional study conducted in Medical Unit IV, Jinnah Hospial Lahore from January to June, 2022. About 146 adults newly diagnosed hypertensive patients were included for study. Blood pressure was measured using sphygmomanometer with standard cuff in sitting position, with two measurements were made at least 5 min apart. Microalbuminuria was defined as albumin excretion 30 to 300 mg/dl in a spot urine sample report. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is defined as presence of concentric hypertrophy or diastolic dysfunction determined on Trans Thoracic ECHO by a cardiologist. Data was entered in SPSS Ver: 25.0 for data analysis and graphical presentation. For quantitative variables like age, ACR; mean and standard deviation was calculated. Prevalence and correlation of MAU and LVH in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients was using Spearmen’s Rank Correlation Analysis. Chi-square test was performed to compare MAU and LVH. P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. &#x0D; Results: 146 subjects those fulfilling the inclusion criteria were admitted. Mean age was 48.281 + 24.865. 72.6% were male in our study. 30.8% of patients had LVH and microbuminurea was present in 47.5% of subject. About 28.6% of patient with LVH had MAU. (p=.030). There was a positive correlation between LVH and MAU. (r=0.135, P =.002).&#x0D; Conclusions: Our study concludes a high prevalence of micro albuminuria and LVH in newly diagnosed hypertensive. There is positive correlation between micro albuminuria and LVH and can be predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.","PeriodicalId":492993,"journal":{"name":"JAIMC Journal of Allama Iqbal Medical College","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135059317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of COVID-19 in End Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis &amp; Dialysis Providers During SARs-Cov-19 spike in Pakistan.","authors":"Sidra Cheema, Hozaifa Habib, Manal Cheema, Samreen Gilani, Muhammad Asad Saeed, Shafiq Cheema","doi":"10.59058/jaimc.v21i2.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59058/jaimc.v21i2.120","url":null,"abstract":"The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a significant threat to both hemodialysis staff and patients. However, the prevalence of COVID-19 among asymptomatic end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on chronic hemodialysis (MHD) and healthcare staff including nurses and technicians in dialysis unit remains uncertain. Given that hemodialysis patients and dialysis nurses are particularly prone in congregate settings, this research aimed to examine the prevalence of COVID-19 in two hemodialysis units at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. This cross-sectional study involved the participation of 198 maintenance hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and 83 dialysis staff members. These patients or staff members did not have any symptoms at the time of testing. Testing was conducted using qualitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on nasal &amp; pharyngeal swabs collected from June 18th to June 23rd, 2020. &#x0D; Out of the total participants, 45 out of 198 dialysis patients (22.7%) and 10 out of 83 dialysis staff members (12%) were found to be positive for COVID-19. The overall prevalence of COVID-19, combining patients and staff, was 19.5% (55 out of 281). The mortality rate among the infected patients was 6.6% (3 out of 45). To conclude, the findings of this study demonstrate a significant prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among hemodialysis staff and patients in Lahore, Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":492993,"journal":{"name":"JAIMC Journal of Allama Iqbal Medical College","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135059479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of Inhibitors among known Hemophilia A Patients.","authors":"Irem Iqbal, Javeria Abdullah","doi":"10.59058/jaimc.v21i2.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59058/jaimc.v21i2.147","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT&#x0D; Introduction: Inhibitors are IgG alloantibodies which are directed against exogenous clotting factor VIII that neutralize the function of infused clotting factor concentrate used for the treatment. The prevalence of inhibitors in Hemophilia A is around 30% worldwide. Inhibitors occurs as a result of natural immune process of the body as factor concentrates used for treatment are foreign to the body and patient’s own body either produces no factor or produces structurally abnormal protein.&#x0D; Objectives: To determine the frequency of inhibitors among known hemophilia A patients.&#x0D; Methods: Cross-sectional survey done including 100 male patients of hemophilia A and on treatment for more than 1 year, from 2 to 60 years of age, were included. All the patients were undergone aPTT based screening for inhibitor, both immediately and two hours after mixing the patients plasma with the normal plasma.&#x0D; Results: Age range in this study was from 2 to 60 years with mean age of 37.21 ± 14.73 years. Frequency of inhibitors among known hemophilia A patients was seen in 18 (18.0%) of cases.&#x0D; Conclusion: This study concluded that frequency of inhibitors among known hemophilia A patients is quite high.&#x0D; Keywords: Hemophilia A, inhibitors, severity.","PeriodicalId":492993,"journal":{"name":"JAIMC Journal of Allama Iqbal Medical College","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135059157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}