International Braz J Urol最新文献

{"title":"Step-by-step Peritoneal Bladder Flap Bunching (PBFB) technique: an innovative approach following lymph node dissection in robotic radical prostatectomy.","authors":"Ahmed Gamal, Marcio Covas Moschovas, Abdel Rahman Jaber, Shady Saikali, Sumeet Reddy, Ela Patel, Evan Patel, Travis Rogers, Vipul Patel","doi":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0278","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) has become a popular surgical approach for localized prostate cancer due to its favorable oncological and functional outcomes, as well as lower morbidity. In cases of intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer, bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy (PLND) is recommended as an adjunct to RARP (1-3). Despite its benefits, PLND can lead to surgical complications, with postoperative lymphocele formation being the most common. Most postoperative lymphoceles are clinically insignificant with variable incidence, reaching up to 60% of cases 4. However, a small percentage of patients 2-8% may experience symptomatic lymphoceles (SL), which can cause significant morbidity (4, 5).</p><p><strong>Surgical technique: </strong>We perform our RARP technique with our standard approach in all patients (6). After vesicourethral anastomosis a modified PF created to prevent symptomatic lymphocele. We start by suturing the peritoneal fold on the right side, medially to the vas deferens, followed by a similar stitch on the left side to approximate the edges in the midline. A running suture bunches the bladder peritoneum from both sides, passing through the pubic bone periosteum to secure it in place (7). This approach keeps the lateral pelvic gutters open for lymphatic drainage, while allowing fluid drainage from the true pelvis into the abdomen. A pelvic ultrasound was done for all patients at 6 weeks post operative, and additional clinical follow-up was carried out at 3 months following surgery.</p><p><strong>Considerations: </strong>We have demonstrated a modified technique of peritoneal flap (PBFB) with an initial decrease in postoperative symptomatic lymphoceles, the technique is feasible, safe, does not add significant morbidity, and does not require a learning curve.</p>","PeriodicalId":49283,"journal":{"name":"International Braz J Urol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11446561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141089181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified penile reconstruction in classic bladder exstrophy: Can complete corporal covering of the urethral closure be achieved using incomplete disassembly technique?","authors":"Vasily V Nikolaev, Nikita V Demin","doi":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0194","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To answer the question of whether it is possible to achieve complete corporal covering of the urethral closure using incomplete penile disassembly in classic bladder exstrophy. We hypothesize that mobilization of the corpora under Buck's fascia, their dorsal translocation through the incisions in Buck's fascia and suturing corporal convex sides above the urethra would allow extend corporal covering of the urethra, reducing the risk of urethra-cutaneous fistula formation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A prospective follow-up on all boys who underwent the modified Cantwell-Ransley primary penile reconstruction was conducted. Inclusion criteria comprised bladder exstrophy closure in our institution, ensuring a postoperative follow-up period of no less than 24 months. The key innovation of the technique lies in a deep dissection of the dependent corpora under Buck's fascia, followed by their dorsal relocation through extended dorsal incisions in Buck's fascia, and limited external corporal rotation 90 degrees only at the base of the penis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between November 2019 and March 2022, 18 boys aged 11 to 35 months met the inclusion criteria and underwent the modified penile reconstruction. Surgical procedures and postoperative period did not include any major complications. Total corporal covering of the urethral sutures was achieved in 15 of 18 patients. No urethra-cutaneous fistulas were observed within 2 years of follow-up. All individuals demonstrated spontaneous erections, and the absence of dorsal curvature was documented.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The modified technique of incomplete penile disassembly applied in a homogenous group of patients with classic bladder exstrophy allows penile shaft elongation, improved aesthetic outcomes, preserved erections, and eliminates dorsal curvature. The technique demonstrated feasibility and reliability while maintaining positive effects on tissue circulation. The absence of urethra-cutaneous fistulae is attributed to the complete corporal covering of the urethral sutures and supports the initial hypothesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49283,"journal":{"name":"International Braz J Urol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11446563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141767827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Port Robot assisted partial cystectomy for urachal adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Sij Hemal, Sina Sobhani, Kevin Hakimi, Shilo Rosenberg, Inderbir Gill","doi":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0379","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We present a novel technique to perform single-port (SP) robot-assisted partial cystectomy with excision of the urachal remnant and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection for urachal adenocarcinoma (1-7).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A 41-year-old male presented to the clinic for multiple episodes of hematuria and mucousuria. Office cystoscopy revealed a small solitary tumor at the dome of the bladder, with a diagnostic bladder biopsy revealing a tubule-villous bladder adenoma. Cross-sectional imaging of the chest/abdomen/pelvis revealed a 4.5 cm cystic mass arising from the urachus without evidence of local invasion and metastatic spread. He underwent SP robotic-assisted partial cystectomy with excision of the urachal remnant and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection. Surgical steps include: 1) peritoneal incision to release the urachus and drop bladder 2) identification of urachal tumor 3) intraoperative live cystoscopic identification of bladder mass and scoring of tumor margins using Toggle Pro feature 4) tumor excision with partial cystectomy 5) cystorrhaphy 6) bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection 7) peritoneal interposition flap to mitigate lymphocele formation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Surgery was successful, with no intraoperative complications, an operative time of 100 minutes, and estimated blood loss of 20 mL. The patient was discharged on post-op day one, and the Foley catheter removed one week after surgery. Final pathology revealed a 7.5 cm infiltrating urachal muscle-invasive adenocarcinoma of the bladder (pT2b). Negative surgical margins were achieved.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Single-port robot-assisted partial cystectomy for urachal adenocarcinoma is safe and can achieve equivalent oncologic outcomes to the standard of care with minimally invasive and open techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":49283,"journal":{"name":"International Braz J Urol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11446556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141898739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of ChatGPT in Urology and its Relevance in Clinical Practice: Comment.","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0113","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0113","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49283,"journal":{"name":"International Braz J Urol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141089185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible Ureteroscopic Guided Laparoscopic Ureteroplasty For The Treatment Of Ureteral Stricture.","authors":"Agustín Cabrera Santa Cruz, Alexandre Danilovic, Fabio C Vicentini, Giovanni S Marchini, Carlos Batagello, Fabio Torricelli, William C Nahas, Eduardo Mazzucchi","doi":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0250","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ureteral stricture is often a consequence of urolithiasis or previous endourological procedures (1-3). Precisely delineating the stricture zone intraoperatively is crucial to minimize ureter shortening and target only the affected tissue (4, 5). Flexible ureteroscopy offers a significant advantage in this regard.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This video aims to demonstrate the step-by-step technique of flexible ureteroscopic guided laparoscopic ureteroplasty for treating ureteral stricture caused by urolithiasis and prior endourological interventions.</p><p><strong>Patient and methods: </strong>We present a case of a 36-year-old male with a history of urolithiasis and unsuccessful endourological treatments, including endoureterotomy and balloon dilation, diagnosed with re-stenosis of the proximal ureter of 1 cm through ureteroscopy and pyelography. He underwent a successful laparoscopic ureteroplasty. While the lead surgeon performed the laparoscopy, an assistant conducted the flexible ureteroscopy. Intraoperatively, using transillumination facilitated by the flexible ureteroscope, we can precisely identify the narrowed area, allowing for resection of only the damaged segment. Subsequently, we perform the end-to-end ureteroplasty, confirming its patency through the seamless passage of the ureteroscope. Upon completion, we employ a fat patch to safeguard the anastomosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patient was discharged on the third postoperative day. Double J stent was removed six weeks after surgery. Symptoms resolved. Renal function improved: eGFR 49 to 67 ml/min. Furthermore, improvement was observed in the DTPA scan, and a decrease in hydronephrosis was noted on the follow-up tomography.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Flexible ureteroscopy effectively identifies the stricture zone in laparoscopic ureteroplasty, enhancing surgical precision and outcomes. This approach is safe, effective, and reproducible, offering a valuable technique in the surgical treatment of ureteral strictures.</p>","PeriodicalId":49283,"journal":{"name":"International Braz J Urol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Safety of Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS): Intra- and Early Postoperative Complications in Patients Enrolled in the Global Multicentre Flexible Ureteroscopy Outcome Registry (FLEXOR).","authors":"Carlo Giulioni, Demetra Fuligni, Carlo Brocca, Deepak Ragoori, Ben Chew Chew, Esteban Emiliani, Chin Tiong Heng, Yiloren Tanidir, Nariman Gadzhiev, Abhishek Singh, Saeed Bin Hamri, Boyke Soehabali, Andrea Benedetto Galosi, Thomas Tailly, Olivier Traxer, Bhaskar Kumar Somani, Marcelo L Wroclawski, Vineet Gauhar, Daniele Castellani","doi":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0055","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the incidence of the most common intra- and early postoperative complications following RIRS in a large series of patients with kidney stones.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with kidney stones who underwent RIRS across 21 centers from January 2018 to August 2021, as part of the Global Multicenter Flexible Ureteroscopy Outcome (FLEXOR) Registry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 6669 patients undergoing RIRS, 4.5% experienced intraoperative pelvicalyceal system bleeding without necessitating blood transfusion. Only 0.1% of patients, required a blood transfusion. The second most frequent intraoperative complication was ureteric injury due to the ureteral access sheath requiring stenting (1.8% of patients). Postoperatively, the most prevalent early complications were fever/infections requiring antibiotics (6.3%), blood transfusions (5.5%), and sepsis necessitating intensive care unit admission (1.3%). In cases of ureteric injury, a notably higher percentage of patients exhibited multiple stones and stone(s) in the lower pole, and these cases were correlated with prolonged lasing and overall surgical time. Hematuria requiring a blood transfusion was associated with an increased prevalence of larger median maximum stone diameters, particularly among patients with stones exceeding 20 mm. Furthermore, these cases exhibited a significant prolongation in surgical time. Sepsis necessitating admission to the intensive care unit was more prevalent among the elderly, concomitant with a significantly larger median maximum stone diameter.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our analysis showed that RIRS has a good safety profile but bleeding requiring transfusions, ureteric injury, fever, and sepsis are still the most common complications despite advancements in technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":49283,"journal":{"name":"International Braz J Urol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesentery-Sparing Technique: a New Intracorporeal Approach for Urinary Diversion in Robot-Assisted Radical Cystectomy.","authors":"Eliney Ferreira Faria, Carlos Vaz de Melo Maciel, Pablo Almeida Melo, Marcos Tobias-Machado, Roberto Dias, Rodolfo Borges Dos Reis, Rodrigo José Costa-Gualberto","doi":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0153","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) with intracorporeal urinary diversion (ICUD) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We present an alternative technique that preserves the complete mesenteric vascularization during the isolation of the intestinal segment used in ICUD, including distal vessels. This approach aims to minimize the risk of ischemia in both the ileal anastomosis and the isolated loop at the diversion site.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study included 31 patients, both male and female, who underwent RARC with ICUD from February 2018 to November 2023, performed by a single surgeon. Intraoperative and postoperative complications data were retrieved for analysis, employing our proposed mesentery-sparing technique in all cases. The primary endpoint was the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications directly attributable to the mesentery-sparing approach in ICUD. Secondary endpoints included other postoperative variables not directly related to mesentery preservation, such as the incidence of postoperative ileus requiring parenteral nutrition and the duration of hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>None of the patients experienced intraoperative or postoperative complications directly related to mesentery-sparing, such as intestinal fistulae or internal hernias. The median duration of hospitalization was 6 days, and postoperative ileus necessitating total parenteral nutrition occurred in 19% of the patients. Minor complications (Clavien-Dindo grades I-II) accounted for 27.6% of the cases and major complications (grades III-V) accounted for 20.6%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The mesentery-sparing technique outlined herein offers an alternative method for preserving the vascularization of intestinal segments and reducing the risk of intestinal complications in ICUD during RARC.</p>","PeriodicalId":49283,"journal":{"name":"International Braz J Urol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 2012 Briganti nomogram not only predicts lymph node involvement but also disease progression in surgically treated intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients with PSA <10 ng/mL, ISUP grade group 3, and clinical stage up to cT2b.","authors":"Antonio Benito Porcaro, Andrea Panunzio, Rossella Orlando, Francesca Montanaro, Alberto Baielli, Francesco Artoni, Sebastian Gallina, Alberto Bianchi, Giovanni Mazzucato, Emanuele Serafin, Giulia Marafioti Patuzzo, Alessandro Veccia, Riccardo Rizzetto, Matteo Brunelli, Filippo Migliorini, Riccardo Bertolo, Alessandro Tafuri, Maria Angela Cerruto, Alessandro Antonelli","doi":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0003","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We assessed the prognostic impact of the 2012 Briganti nomogram on prostate cancer (PCa) progression in intermediate-risk (IR) patients presenting with PSA <10ng/mL, ISUP grade group 3, and clinical stage up to cT2b treated with robot assisted radical prostatectomy eventually associated with extended pelvic lymph node dissection.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>From January 2013 to December 2021, data of surgically treated IR PCa patients were retrospectively evaluated. Only patients presenting with the above-mentioned features were considered. The 2012 Briganti nomogram was assessed either as a continuous and a categorical variable (up to the median, which was detected as 6%, vs. above the median). The association with PCa progression, defined as biochemical recurrence, and/or metastatic progression, was evaluated by Cox proportional hazard regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 147 patients were included. Compared to subjects with a nomogram score up to 6%, those presenting with a score above 6% were more likely to be younger, had larger/palpable tumors, presented with higher PSA, underwent tumor upgrading, harbored non-organ confined disease, and had positive surgical margins at final pathology. PCa progression, which occurred in 32 (21.7%) cases, was independently predicted by the 2012 Briganti nomogram both considered as a continuous (Hazard Ratio [HR]:1.04, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]:1.01-1.08;p=0.021), and a categorical variable (HR:2.32; 95%CI:1.11-4.87;p=0.026), even after adjustment for tumor upgrading.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In IR PCa patients with PSA <10ng/mL, ISUP grade group 3, and clinical stage up to cT2b, the 2012 Briganti nomogram independently predicts PCa progression. In this challenging subset of patients, this tool can identify prognostic subgroups, independently by upgrading issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":49283,"journal":{"name":"International Braz J Urol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes prediction in kidney transplantation by use of biomarkers from hypothermic machine perfusion.","authors":"Ricardo Ribas de Almeida Leite, Maurilo Leite, Marcelo Einicker-Lamas, Rafael Hospodar Felippe Valverde, Luiz Carlos Duarte Miranda, Alberto Schanaider","doi":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0166","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The clinical outcomes of kidney transplantation from deceased donors have seen significant improvements with the use of machine perfusion (MP), now a standard practice in transplant centers. However, the use of perfusate biomarkers for assessing organ quality remains a subject of debate. Despite this, some centers incorporate them into their decision-making process for donor kidney acceptance. Recent studies have indicated that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutathione S-transferase, interleukin-18, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) could predict post-transplant outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Between August 2016 and June 2017, 31 deceased-donor after brain death were included and stroke was the main cause of death. Pediatric patients, hypersensitized recipients were excluded. 43 kidneys were subjected to machine perfusion. Perfusate samples were collected just before the transplantation and stored at -80ºC. Kidney transplant recipients have an average age of 52 years, 34,9% female, with a BMI 24,6±3,7. We employed receiver operating characteristic analysis to investigate associations between these perfusate biomarkers and two key clinical outcomes: delayed graft function and primary non-function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of delayed graft function was 23.3% and primary non-function was 14%. A strong association was found between NGAL concentration and DGF (AUC=0.766, 95% CI, P=0.012), and between LDH concentration and PNF (AUC=0.84, 95% CI, P=0.027). Other perfusate biomarkers did not show significant correlations with these clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The concentrations of NGAL and LDH during machine perfusion could assist transplant physicians in improving the allocation of donated organs and making challenging decisions regarding organ discarding. Further, larger-scale studies are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":49283,"journal":{"name":"International Braz J Urol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can we improve time to patency with vasoepididymostomy with an innovative epididymal occlusion stitch?","authors":"Francesco Costantini Mesquita, Luis Felipe Savio, David Velasquez, Alexandra Varnum, Rodrigo Barros, David Miller, Francis Petrella, Ranjith Ramasamy","doi":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0222","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obstructive azoospermia occurs when there is a blockage in the male reproductive tract, leading to a complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate. It constitutes around 40% of all cases of azoospermia (1, 2). Blockages in the male reproductive tract can arise from either congenital or acquired factors, affecting various segments such as the epididymis, vas deferens, and ejaculatory ducts (3). Examples of congenital causes encompass conditions like congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens and unexplained epididymal blockages (4). Acquired instances of obstructive azoospermia may result from factors like vasectomy, infections, trauma, or unintentional injuries caused by medical procedures (5). This complex condition affecting male fertility, presents two main treatment options: microsurgical reconstruction and surgical extraction of sperm followed by in vitro fertilization (IVF). Microsurgical reconstruction proves to be the most cost-effective option for treating obstructive azoospermia when compared with assisted reproductive techniques (6, 7). However, success rates of reconstruction defined by patency are as high as 99% for vasovasostomy (VV) but decline to around 65% if vasoepididymostomy (VE) is required (8, 9). Thus, continued refinement in technique is necessary in order to attempt to improve patency for patients undergoing VE. In this video, we show a comprehensive demonstration of microsurgical VE, highlighting the innovative epididymal occlusion stitch. The goal of this innovative surgical technique is to improve outcomes for VE.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The patient is a 39-year-old male diagnosed with obstructive azoospermia who presents for surgical reconstruction via VE. His partner is a 37-years-old female with regular menstrual cycles. The comprehensive clinical data encompasses a range of factors, including FSH levels, results from semen analysis, and outcomes from testicular sperm aspiration. This thorough exploration aims to provide a thorough understanding of our innovative surgical technique and its application in addressing complex cases of obstructive azoospermia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The procedure was started on the right, the vas deferens was identified and transected. The abdominal side of the vas was intubated and a vasogram performed, there was no obstruction. There was no fluid visible from the testicular side of the vas for analysis, thus we proceeded with VE. Upon inspection of the epididymis dilated tubules were identified. After selecting a tubule for VE, two 10-0 nylon sutures were placed, and it was incised. Upon inspection of the fluid motile sperm was identified. After VE, we performed a novel epididymal occlusion stitch technique. This was completed distal to the anastomosis by placing a 7-0 prolene through the tunica of the epididymis from the medial to lateral side. This stitch was then tightened down with the goal to largely occlude the ","PeriodicalId":49283,"journal":{"name":"International Braz J Urol","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}