High Energy Density Physics最新文献

{"title":"Development of liquid metal targets for high-repetition intense laser and pulsed-power discharge applications","authors":"Toru Sasaki ,&nbsp;Yuki Kumagai ,&nbsp;Masatoshi Miyamoto ,&nbsp;Koki Tarutani ,&nbsp;Kazumasa Takahashi ,&nbsp;Takashi Kikuchi ,&nbsp;Kenichi Nagaoka","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we investigate the response of linear liquid metal flow to a magnetic field when used as a load for high-repetition pulsed-power discharges and as a sheet for a laser target. When a magnetic field was applied perpendicular to the liquid metal flow, the flow deformed while maintaining its thickness. This approach may reduce current and enhance light sources in Z-pinch and alternative X-pinch discharges. However, low-frequency fluctuations were more prominent when the magnetic field was applied parallel to the liquid metal flow in sheet form. These findings suggest that combining liquid metal flow with a magnetic field could effectively facilitate high-repetition pulsed-power discharges and laser operations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141542231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redesigning the electric gun: Launching thick flyers to hypervelocity with high efficiency","authors":"M.D. Fitzgerald ,&nbsp;J.D. Pecover ,&nbsp;N. Petrinic ,&nbsp;D.E. Eakins","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To investigate pressure states as extreme as those involved in inertial confinement fusion using projectile-driven impact, the projectile must be both moving at hypervelocity and thick enough to introduce a shock pulse sufficiently long as to be measured. The electric gun is a highly efficient pulsed-power projectile launcher: its unique drive mechanism has been reported to convert over 25<span><math><mtext>%</mtext></math></span> of a capacitor bank’s stored electrical energy to flyer kinetic energy (Osher et al., 1990). This high efficiency allows the gun to accelerate thin dielectric flyers to hypervelocity using relatively low energy machines (Weingart et al., 1979). However, the technique was unable to accelerate thick flyers (<span><math><mo>&gt;</mo></math></span>0.5 mm) without causing the flyers significant damage, rendering it unsuitable for investigating extreme states of matter. In this work, previously existing results from the launch of a thin flyer on a low energy machine were analysed using a 0D electric gun model (Fitzgerald et al., 2023). The pressure states experienced by the flyer during this shot, performed in a well understood region of the electric gun parameter space, were used to inform the design of a new electric gun load, capable of launching thick flyers to hypervelocity. The experimental results of the testing of this load design on a 140 kV, 2.0<!--> <!-->µs rise-time machine are presented. The load was found to successfully accelerate intact flyers up to 2.0-mm-thick, introducing shock speeds of over 10 km/s in a PMMA target block, inducing pressures of 80 GPa. This is twice as thick as those reported previously (Song et al., 2018). The outcomes of the study suggest the results from previous low-risk shots can be used to develop electric gun loads in new regions of the design space using simplified modelling tools.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574181824000442/pdfft?md5=36a1047c784a01cdd961a078684a32db&pid=1-s2.0-S1574181824000442-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141478612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of irradiation uniformity on quasi-isentropic shock compression of solid spheres","authors":"Ryunosuke Takizawa ,&nbsp;Hitoshi Sakagami ,&nbsp;Hideo Nagatomo ,&nbsp;Yasunobu Arikawa ,&nbsp;Hiroki Morita ,&nbsp;Jinyuan Dun ,&nbsp;Takumi Tsuido ,&nbsp;Yuga Karaki ,&nbsp;Hiroki Matsubara ,&nbsp;King Fai Farley Law ,&nbsp;Kento Katagiri ,&nbsp;Norimasa Ozaki ,&nbsp;Yoichiro Hironaka ,&nbsp;Keisuke Shigemori ,&nbsp;Yuki Abe ,&nbsp;Hideaki Habara ,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Kuramitsu ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Johzaki ,&nbsp;Mitsuo Nakai ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Shiraga ,&nbsp;Shinsuke Fujioka","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In inertial confinement fusion using central ignition, the ignition hot spot is generated through self-heating during fuel compression. In contrast, fast ignition creates the hot spot through external heating. This difference allows the fast ignition approach to use a solid sphere as the fusion fuel shape. The implosion of a solid sphere is one form of laser-direct-drive slow implosion. Solid sphere fuel exhibits tolerance to hydrodynamic instability and can be mass-produced relatively easily, offering significant advantages for developing inertial fusion energy. Achieving high fuel peak and areal densities of with a solid sphere requires quasi-isentropic compression, which involves multiple shock waves. Our results show the critical role of uniform laser irradiation in initiating weak shock waves in the early phase, which is essential for forming a uniform and dense fuel core with solid spheres. Furthermore, dynamically adjusting the laser spot diameter could be crucial in optimizing the effectiveness of laser-direct-drive and fast ignition techniques when using solid sphere fuel.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574181824000491/pdfft?md5=633f591119efc4384dc2282fd13d805b&pid=1-s2.0-S1574181824000491-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141595806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental capabilities of the LMJ-PETAL facility","authors":"W. Cayzac ,&nbsp;G. Boutoux ,&nbsp;S. Brygoo ,&nbsp;A. Denoeud ,&nbsp;S. Depierreux ,&nbsp;V. Tassin ,&nbsp;F. Albert ,&nbsp;E. Alozy ,&nbsp;C. Baccou ,&nbsp;D. Batani ,&nbsp;N. Blanchot ,&nbsp;M. Bonneau ,&nbsp;M. Bonnefille ,&nbsp;R. Botrel ,&nbsp;C. Bowen ,&nbsp;P. Bradford ,&nbsp;M. Brochier ,&nbsp;T. Caillaud ,&nbsp;A. Chaleil ,&nbsp;S. Chardavoine ,&nbsp;E. Lefebvre","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent progress in the experimental capabilities of the LMJ-PETAL laser facility is reviewed. Updates on the indirect-drive D₂ implosion experiments and equation-of-state experiments using the LMJ laser are presented, including the commissioning of new plasma diagnostics. Several recent campaigns using the PETAL laser alone are also presented, namely the development of a platform using high-resolution and high-energy X-ray sources for radiography experiments, laser wakefield acceleration studies in the self-modulated regime, and neutron generation using a Target Normal Sheath Accelerated proton beam in a pitcher-catcher configuration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141478611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of smoothing by spectral dispersion with a sinusoidal phase modulation","authors":"Denis Penninckx ,&nbsp;Adrien Fusaro ,&nbsp;Rodolphe Collin ,&nbsp;Gilles Riazuelo ,&nbsp;Pascal Loiseau ,&nbsp;Osel Thauvin","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to improve the propagation of a laser in a plasma, the intensity profile should be as uniform as possible. For this purpose, smoothing techniques are used. The most commonly used, smoothing by spectral dispersion (SSD), induces temporal fluctuations of the effective amplification length of Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) or Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS). These fluctuations are random from shot to shot and may thus induce unpredictable levels of the efficient laser power used in laser-plasma experiments. Increasing the modulation frequency <em>f_m</em> while maintaining the modulation bandwidth strongly reduces these fluctuations and even reduces the average SBS level. However, increasing <em>f_m</em> has also an impact on laser propagation within the laser optical components. We show that, as long as chromatic dispersion is precompensated in the front-end, FM-to-AM conversion, a detrimental propagation effect, may remain sufficiently low and that anormal FM-to-AM conversion is not sensitive to the modulation frequency. Hence, there is no important bottleneck to an increase of the modulation frequency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141478584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamic analysis of Magnetically charged Euler–Heisenberg black holes with scalar hair via Renyi-entropy using logarithmic correction","authors":"Allah Ditta ,&nbsp;Xia Tiecheng ,&nbsp;Riasat Ali ,&nbsp;Ali Övgün ,&nbsp;Asif Mahmood","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this article, we investigate the thermodynamic properties of the Euler–Heisenberg black hole solution with magnetic charge and scalar hair. We also examine the evaluation of thermal fluctuations, Gibbs free energy, and energy emission. The Hawking temperature, geometric mass, and heat capacity are among the numerous factors that are computed to evaluate local and global thermodynamic stability. The first law of thermodynamics is applied to determine the temperature of the black hole, and the energy emission rate is also calculated. We investigate the phase transition behavior of the Euler–Heisenberg black hole with scalar hair by computing the Gibbs free energy, with particular attention to characteristics like eating tails. We also obtain the corrected entropy to investigate the impact of thermal fluctuations on massive and small black holes. Notably, we contrast the outcomes for large and small black holes in order to examine the effects of correction terms on the thermodynamic system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141434745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical investigation of plasma ion shielding effects on the atomic structure and photoionization process in semiclassical dense electron–ion plasmas","authors":"Y.S. Tian ,&nbsp;Z.B. Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This manuscript provides a description of a relativistic method for calculating the atomic structure and photoionization process in the semiclassical dense electron–ion plasma environment. The method uses the effective interaction pseudo-potential derived for general two interacting charged particles taking into account the quantum mechanical and screening effects to model the strongly coupled effects. The results for (bound state) energies are obtained by numerically solving the Dirac equation. The present method uses the relativistic distorted-wave approach to calculate the continuum orbitals and the ionization cross sections by photon collision. The strongly coupled semiclassical plasma effects and the plasma ion shielding effects on various properties such as ionization energies, transition rates, and photoionization cross sections are studied, focusing on the hydrogen atom as a case study. Our results are in agreement with other theoretical data. This study has important implications for the fields of atomic physics, plasma physics, astrophysics, and fusion science, and provides valuable insights into the study of various scientific phenomena.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141394233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical properties of rutile-TiO2 Nanoparticles and effect on PVA/SiO2 hybrid films synthesized by sol-gel method","authors":"B. Gueridi ,&nbsp;K. Bouferrache ,&nbsp;M.A. Ghebouli ,&nbsp;F. Rouabah ,&nbsp;Y. Slimani ,&nbsp;T. Chihi ,&nbsp;M. Fatmi ,&nbsp;B. Ghebouli ,&nbsp;H. Bouandas ,&nbsp;M. Habila ,&nbsp;A. Benali","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We use an <em>ab-initio</em> approach to analyze the structural, electronic band structure, and thermoelectric properties of titanium dioxide (TiO₂ in rutile phase), and we then use rutile-TiO₂ nanoparticles to determine its effects on sol-gel-produced polyvinyl alcohol/silicon dioxide (PVA/SiO₂) hybrid films. The synthesis of hybrid films involved the incorporation of 1 % rutile-TiO₂ nanoparticles in the PVA/SiO₂ matrix. The thermoelectric properties of the resulting hybrid films were characterized by Seebeck coefficient measurements, as well as electrical and thermal conductivities. The synthesis of PVA/SiO₂/Nano-TiO₂ films was accomplished with success. The chemical bonds have amply demonstrated that the PVA backbone is connected to the (SiO₂-TiO₂) network. TGA testing indicates that hybrid films are more resistant to higher temperatures than pure PVA films. SiO₂ nanoparticles reveal more effective loading to improve dielectric characteristics compared to TiO₂. The best results are obtained in cases of mechanical, thermal and electrical insulation when both nanofillers are integrated into the polymer matrix. The findings show that the thermoelectric performance of PVA/SiO2 hybrid films is improved by the addition of (1 %) rutile-TiO₂ nanoparticles in the rutile phase. This study provides insights into the potential applications of rutile-TiO₂ nanoparticles in enhancing the thermoelectric properties of hybrid materials and opens up avenues for further research in this area, and contributes to the growing body of knowledge on enhancing the thermoelectric properties of materials by incorporating rutile-TiO₂ nanoparticles into hybrid films synthesized by the sol-gel method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101122"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141413277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of tritium-rich fuel to improve the yield of layered deuterium/tritium inertial fusion capsules","authors":"B.J. Albright,&nbsp;W. Daughton,&nbsp;B.M. Haines,&nbsp;N.M. Hoffman,&nbsp;J.J. Kuczek,&nbsp;R. Lester,&nbsp;K.D. Meaney,&nbsp;J.P. Sauppe","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In deuterium–tritium (DT) ice layered implosions, nearly all hot spot mass at peak burn comes from the dense fuel. Accurate prediction of the fuel mass ablation, including the enthalpy associated with mass inflow into the hot spot from the dense fuel, is essential to understanding the energetics and ignition of the hot spot in layered implosions. A recently published boundary layer analysis (Daughton et al., 2023) indicates a faster mass ablation rate than in previous analyses of layered implosions. Inclusion of this effect provides a better match to simulations and leads to a new ignition threshold where the temperature of the dense fuel plays a critical role. This analysis motivates possible new directions for improved capsule performance. Here, the authors present evidence in support of one such approach: the use of tritium-rich ice to decrease 14 MeV neutron scattering and heating of the dense fuel, resulting in less mass ablation and more robust burn of the hot spot. It is found from numerical simulations that despite a less favorable D:T ratio in the ice, the use of a 40:60 D:T ratio leads to an <em>increase</em> in capsule yield of 17% percent compared with that of a 50:50 D:T ratio fuel for capsules resembling those of the recent N210808 ignition experiment on the NIF (Abu-Shawareb et al., 2022) and an increase of 74% compared with that of a 60:40 D:T ratio fuel capsule. These results are potentially important for modeling all layered implosions, since some degree of DT fractionization may arise naturally during the beta layering process. In addition, this physics is important for the feasibility of high-gain capsule designs that seek to minimize tritium usage, as in some inertial fusion energy concepts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141278346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional reconstruction of implosion stagnation in laser direct drive on OMEGA","authors":"K. Churnetski ,&nbsp;K.M. Woo ,&nbsp;W. Theobald ,&nbsp;C. Stoeckl ,&nbsp;L. Ceurvorst ,&nbsp;V. Gopalaswamy ,&nbsp;H.G. Rinderknecht ,&nbsp;P.V. Heuer ,&nbsp;J.P. Knauer ,&nbsp;C.J. Forrest ,&nbsp;I.V. Igumenshchev ,&nbsp;S.T. Ivancic ,&nbsp;M. Michalko ,&nbsp;R.C. Shah ,&nbsp;A. Lees ,&nbsp;P.B. Radha ,&nbsp;R. Betti ,&nbsp;C.A. Thomas ,&nbsp;S.P. Regan ,&nbsp;J. Kunimune ,&nbsp;J.A. Frenje","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multidimensional effects on hot-spot formation must be considered to better understand the current limits on the performance of direct-drive inertial confinement fusion experiments on OMEGA with cryogenically layered solid deuterium–tritium targets. A comprehensive reconstruction effort has been established at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics to infer hot-spot and shell conditions at stagnation from a large collection of x-ray, neutron, and particle detectors along multiple lines of sight. Several time-gated and time-integrated x-ray imagers are being used to record the shape of the hot-spot plasma. A 3D hot-spot x-ray emission tomography technique has been developed to infer low-mode drive asymmetries from the hot-spot shape. A suite of neutron diagnostics is used to provide measurements of hot-spot flow velocity, ion temperature, and areal density. The information obtained from the x-ray and neutron detectors will be combined into a coherent model of the shape of the hot spot and shell assembly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141144914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}