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Observation of ion species energy dependence on charge-to-mass ratio in laser-driven magnetic reconnection experiment 在激光驱动的磁重联实验中观测离子物种能量与电荷质量比的关系
IF 1.6 3区 物理与天体物理
High Energy Density Physics Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101137
K.F.F. Law , J. Dun , Y. Abe , A. Morace , Y. Arikawa , Ph. Korneev , J.J. Santos , S. Fujioka
{"title":"Observation of ion species energy dependence on charge-to-mass ratio in laser-driven magnetic reconnection experiment","authors":"K.F.F. Law ,&nbsp;J. Dun ,&nbsp;Y. Abe ,&nbsp;A. Morace ,&nbsp;Y. Arikawa ,&nbsp;Ph. Korneev ,&nbsp;J.J. Santos ,&nbsp;S. Fujioka","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Magnetic reconnection, a critical process in plasma physics, involves the reconnection of magnetic field lines, leading to the release of energy and acceleration of particles. This phenomenon is pivotal across various fields such as astrophysics, fusion energy research, and space weather forecasting. In this study, we conducted an experiment on magnetic reconnection using a laser-driven micro-coil to generate bi-directional currents. Analysis of the ion energy distribution from the reconnection outflow revealed that the maximum energy for each ion species correlates with a common gyroradius within the reconnection field, with spectral shapes across different ion species — excluding protons — showing uniformity after normalization by the square of their charge-to-mass ratio. These findings align with the hypothesis of large-scale magnetic field turbulence at the acceleration site, indicative of a strongly driven magnetic reconnection system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142020425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Matrix methods for opacity calculations 计算不透明度的矩阵方法
IF 1.6 3区 物理与天体物理
High Energy Density Physics Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101135
C. Bowen
{"title":"Matrix methods for opacity calculations","authors":"C. Bowen","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Atomic structure calculations are the first step in an opacity calculation. They provide the self-consistent electronic potential and electron wavefunctions that are needed to evaluate the Slater integrals and dipole matrix elements. In this paper, we show that simple matrix methods can be used to perform Hartree–Fock–Slater or LDA calculations on standard atomic structure grids, including relativistic corrections, yielding bound and continuum wavefunctions that can be used, in conjunction with statistical broadening techniques, to obtain realistic average-atom opacities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Indirect drive ICF design study for a 3 MJ NIF enhanced yield capability 针对 3 兆焦耳 NIF 增强产量能力的间接驱动 ICF 设计研究
IF 1.6 3区 物理与天体物理
High Energy Density Physics Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101134
S.A. MacLaren, J.L. Milovich, D.E. Fratanduono, A.J. Kemp, T.D. Chapman, G.E. Cochran, P.F. Schmit, R.C. Nora
{"title":"Indirect drive ICF design study for a 3 MJ NIF enhanced yield capability","authors":"S.A. MacLaren,&nbsp;J.L. Milovich,&nbsp;D.E. Fratanduono,&nbsp;A.J. Kemp,&nbsp;T.D. Chapman,&nbsp;G.E. Cochran,&nbsp;P.F. Schmit,&nbsp;R.C. Nora","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A proposed upgrade to the National Ignition Facility is under consideration that would ultimately increase the maximum operating envelope for the laser to 3.0 MJ with a peak power of 450 TW. This upgrade would provide opportunities to address an expanded set of data needs for NNSA’s Stockpile Stewardship mission, including the potential to generate fusion yields <span><math><mrow><mo>≥</mo><mn>30</mn></mrow></math></span> megajoules. A simplified model of ignition and burn is used to scope the theoretical maximum target yield as a function of laser driver energy. We examine two indirect drive ICF target designs that make use of the 3 MJ laser drive using a common model for integrated laser-hohlraum simulations. These two designs compare and contrast the impacts of two different ablator materials, pure carbon and CH. Additionally, the potential for increased backscatter from these larger scale designs is discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141776578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Generalizing the moments method for primary neutron spectra 原生中子谱矩法的推广
IF 1.6 3区 物理与天体物理
High Energy Density Physics Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101128
B.D. Appelbe, A.J. Crilly, C. Pimpirev
{"title":"Generalizing the moments method for primary neutron spectra","authors":"B.D. Appelbe,&nbsp;A.J. Crilly,&nbsp;C. Pimpirev","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Motivated by recent experimental results Hartouni et al. (2023); Mannion et al. (2023) which identified the presence of non-Maxwellian ion velocity distributions in ICF plasmas, we revisit the moments method for analysing the shapes of primary neutron spectra emitted by plasmas undergoing thermonuclear burn. We assume that the ion distribution functions are of an arbitrary form and develop a set of “generalized” moments, that are ordered in terms of increasing powers of centre of mass velocity, but for which the effects of shifts of centre of mass velocity (equivalent to fluid velocity in the case of Maxwellian ion distributions) are suppressed. This set of generalized moments provides the most sensitive measure of relative velocity contributions to the shape of the neutron spectrum (an effect that has been colloquially referred to as “viso”). We also demonstrate that pairs of antipodal neutron spectral detectors are most suitable for measuring these contributions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574181824000533/pdfft?md5=bc17dc808877ae1942eefac836a5b077&pid=1-s2.0-S1574181824000533-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141776580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Delivering laser performance conditions to enable fusion ignition, and beyond at the National Ignition Facility 在国家点火装置上提供激光性能条件，以实现聚变点火及其他功能
IF 1.6 3区 物理与天体物理
High Energy Density Physics Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101130
JM. Di Nicola, T. Suratwala, L. Pelz, J. Heebner, R. Aden, D. Alessi, S. Amula, A. Barnes, A. Bhasker, T. Bond, J. Bude, B. Buckley, D. Browning, J. Cabral, A. CalonicoSoto, W. Carr, L. Chang, J. Chou, S. Cohen, T. Cope, G. Brunton
{"title":"Delivering laser performance conditions to enable fusion ignition, and beyond at the National Ignition Facility","authors":"JM. Di Nicola,&nbsp;T. Suratwala,&nbsp;L. Pelz,&nbsp;J. Heebner,&nbsp;R. Aden,&nbsp;D. Alessi,&nbsp;S. Amula,&nbsp;A. Barnes,&nbsp;A. Bhasker,&nbsp;T. Bond,&nbsp;J. Bude,&nbsp;B. Buckley,&nbsp;D. Browning,&nbsp;J. Cabral,&nbsp;A. CalonicoSoto,&nbsp;W. Carr,&nbsp;L. Chang,&nbsp;J. Chou,&nbsp;S. Cohen,&nbsp;T. Cope,&nbsp;G. Brunton","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>On December 5th, 2022, controlled fusion ignition was demonstrated for the first time at the National Ignition Facility (NIF), a major achievement in the field of Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) requiring a multi-decadal effort involving broad national and international collaborations. To drive the fusion ignition reaction with the compressed fuel capsule, that yielded 3.15 MJ of nuclear energy [<span><span>1</span></span>], the NIF laser delivered a high-precision pulse shape with 2.05 MJ of ultra-violet (UV) laser energy and a peak power of 440 TW. This laser energy was an increase of ∼8 % compared to that delivered on the previous “threshold of ignition” record yield experiment (1.37 MJ of yield for 1.89 MJ of laser energy) on August 8th, 2021 [<span><span>2</span></span>].</p><p>We explain how the results of our extensive research in laser technology and UV optics damage mitigation led to major improvements in the NIF laser, enabling this energy increase along with additional accuracy, precision, and power balance enhancements. Furthermore, we will discuss on-going efforts that have enabled operations at 2.2 MJ of UV energy as well as potential new initiatives to push the laser performance –accuracy and delivered energy– to even higher levels in the future as previously demonstrated on a small subset of NIF beams [<span><span>3</span></span>].</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141695528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Competition of magnetic reconnections in self-generated and external magnetic fields 自发磁场和外部磁场中的磁性再连接竞争
IF 1.6 3区 物理与天体物理
High Energy Density Physics Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101132
K. Sakai , T.Y. Huang , N. Khasanah , N. Bolouki , H.H. Chu , T. Moritaka , Y. Sakawa , T. Sano , K. Tomita , S. Matsukiyo , T. Morita , H. Takabe , R. Yamazaki , R. Yasuhara , H. Habara , Y. Kuramitsu
{"title":"Competition of magnetic reconnections in self-generated and external magnetic fields","authors":"K. Sakai ,&nbsp;T.Y. Huang ,&nbsp;N. Khasanah ,&nbsp;N. Bolouki ,&nbsp;H.H. Chu ,&nbsp;T. Moritaka ,&nbsp;Y. Sakawa ,&nbsp;T. Sano ,&nbsp;K. Tomita ,&nbsp;S. Matsukiyo ,&nbsp;T. Morita ,&nbsp;H. Takabe ,&nbsp;R. Yamazaki ,&nbsp;R. Yasuhara ,&nbsp;H. Habara ,&nbsp;Y. Kuramitsu","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the competition of magnetic reconnections in self-generated and external magnetic fields in laser-produced plasmas. The temporal evolution of plasma structures measured with self-emission imaging shows the vertical expansions and horizontal separation of plasma, which can be signatures of reconnection outflows in self-generated and external magnetic fields, respectively. Because the outflows in self-generated magnetic fields are not clear in the presence of the external magnetic field, the external magnetic field can suppress the magnetic reconnection in self-generated magnetic fields.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141702983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fundamental physics opportunities with multi-petawatt- and multi-megaJoule-class facilities 多兆瓦级和多兆焦耳级设施带来的基础物理学机会
IF 1.6 3区 物理与天体物理
High Energy Density Physics Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101129
Peter A Norreys
{"title":"Fundamental physics opportunities with multi-petawatt- and multi-megaJoule-class facilities","authors":"Peter A Norreys","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this invited paper, I will touch on some highlights from my research career in the Clarendon Laboratory and in the Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, obtained working in partnership with many outstanding international collaborators. These fall under the three broad themes. The first is novel laser-plasma interactions. The second theme is that of extreme field physics using multi-petawatt laser facilities. The third theme is that of inertial fusion studies. All of these studies indicate that an international, dual-use, 20-MJ Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF)/Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE) facility, with the first 2-MJ at high repetition rate supplying single-shot high energy amplifiers, will open many new exciting avenues for both fundamental physics and high energy density science in the decades ahead.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101129"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574181824000545/pdfft?md5=d9a5d5a1e960ccf148e76c680df3879e&pid=1-s2.0-S1574181824000545-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141638277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mitigation and characterization of crosstalk between laser-driven radiography sources 激光驱动射线照相源之间串扰的缓解与鉴定
IF 1.6 3区 物理与天体物理
High Energy Density Physics Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101133
Chun-Shang Wong, David P. Broughton, Thomas R. Schmidt, Harold J. Jorgenson, Chengkun Huang, Mariana Alvarado Alvarez, Robert E. Reinovsky, Zhehui Wang, Bradley Wolfe, Steven H. Batha
{"title":"Mitigation and characterization of crosstalk between laser-driven radiography sources","authors":"Chun-Shang Wong,&nbsp;David P. Broughton,&nbsp;Thomas R. Schmidt,&nbsp;Harold J. Jorgenson,&nbsp;Chengkun Huang,&nbsp;Mariana Alvarado Alvarez,&nbsp;Robert E. Reinovsky,&nbsp;Zhehui Wang,&nbsp;Bradley Wolfe,&nbsp;Steven H. Batha","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Radiography with multiple probe species offers the potential to extract additional information about a given object as compared to radiography with a single probe species. The flexibility for high-power, short-pulse lasers to accelerate a variety of particle species makes laser-driven sources an attractive option to achieve multi-probe radiography. However, crosstalk produced by each of laser-driven source may be responsible for substantial backgrounds on detectors, becoming a significant barrier to achieving simultaneous radiography. In this work, we describe measurements of and mitigation strategies against crosstalk between laser-driven radiography sources in experiments at the OMEGA EP laser.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141638278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evolution of highly multimodal Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities 高度多模态雷利-泰勒不稳定性的演变
IF 1.6 3区 物理与天体物理
High Energy Density Physics Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101131
B. Cheng , B. Jing , P.A. Bradley , J.P. Sauppe , R.R. Roycroft
{"title":"Evolution of highly multimodal Rayleigh–Taylor instabilities","authors":"B. Cheng ,&nbsp;B. Jing ,&nbsp;P.A. Bradley ,&nbsp;J.P. Sauppe ,&nbsp;R.R. Roycroft","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rayleigh–Taylor (RT) instabilities are important fluid instabilities that arise in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) capsule implosions, and many other contexts. Multi-mode coupling is observed in experiments and plays a substantial role in material mix from RT instabilities. In this work, we study the evolution of highly multimodal perturbations (power law distribution) that approximate those found at manufactured material interfaces. We use simulations of over 2000 different perturbations in the LANL code xRAGE to identify distinct phases in the processes of bubble growth and bubble merger which can be visualized in a 2D phase portrait with clear regimes of mode growth and decay. Our results show that the dynamic evolution of the instability strongly depends on the mode of the perturbations and mode interactions. The merger process accelerates bubble growth. A non-Markovian region and a transition of the instability from: (1) initial exponential growth to (2) linear growth and to (3) quadratic growth and asymptotic behavior, are clearly captured in the phase space. We have developed a quantitative model of bubble growth that reproduces the dynamic behavior of ensembles of perturbations. Implications for ICF capsules designed for robustness against instabilities are discussed. (LA-UR-23-24496)</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574181824000569/pdfft?md5=5afd069ad98945377650a5e8ee978ac9&pid=1-s2.0-S1574181824000569-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Second-order spectral line shift comparisons 二阶谱线偏移比较
IF 1.6 3区 物理与天体物理
High Energy Density Physics Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101127
Carlos A. Iglesias , Thomas A. Gomez
{"title":"Second-order spectral line shift comparisons","authors":"Carlos A. Iglesias ,&nbsp;Thomas A. Gomez","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The second-order spectral line width formulae from the projection operator and kinetic theory methods were recently compared. It was shown that a systematic expansion of the projection operator width expression including initial correlations formally agrees with the second-order kinetic theory result. It is now shown that the second-order dynamic shifts are also formally the same. The static shifts, however, differ due to an ad hoc treatment of electron-electron correlations in the projection operator method. The approximation is necessary in order to screen the radiator-electron interactions. The differences, however, are expected to be small. The results suggest using the rigorous and more compact second-order width and shift expressions from the kinetic theory method as the starting point for spectral line shape calculations. At line center, however, the projection operator second-order expression for the width and shift simplifies and reduces to the kinetic theory result.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"52 ","pages":"Article 101127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141692016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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