How ignition and target gain >1 were achieved in inertial fusion

IF 1.6 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, FLUIDS & PLASMAS

High Energy Density Physics Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI:10.1016/j.hedp.2024.101157

引用次数: 0

Abstract

For many decades the running joke in fusion research has been that “fusion” is twenty years away and always will be. Yet, in 2023 we find ourselves in a position where we can talk about the milestones of burning plasmas, fusion ignition, and target energy gain greater than unity in the past tense – a situation that is remarkable! This paper tells some of the story of the applied physics challenges that needed to be overcome to achieve these milestones and the strategy our team followed. Things did not always go well and some practical lessons learned are part of this story. The data shows, getting to a burning plasma in late 2020 and early 2021 was a key tipping-point, after which ignition (August 8, 2021) and target gain (December 5, 2022) were rapidly achieved.

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如何在惯性聚变中实现点火和目标增益大于 1

几十年来，核聚变研究领域一直流传着这样一个笑话："核聚变 "离我们还有二十年，而且永远都是二十年。然而，到了 2023 年，我们发现自己可以用过去式来谈论燃烧等离子体、聚变点火和目标能量增益大于 1 的里程碑--这种情况非常了不起！本文讲述了为实现这些里程碑而需要克服的一些应用物理挑战，以及我们团队所遵循的策略。事情并不总是一帆风顺，一些实际的经验教训也是故事的一部分。数据显示，在 2020 年底和 2021 年初获得燃烧等离子体是一个关键的临界点，在此之后，点火（2021 年 8 月 8 日）和目标增益（2022 年 12 月 5 日）迅速实现。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

High Energy Density Physics PHYSICS, FLUIDS & PLASMAS-

CiteScore

4.20

自引率

6.20%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： High Energy Density Physics is an international journal covering original experimental and related theoretical work studying the physics of matter and radiation under extreme conditions. ''High energy density'' is understood to be an energy density exceeding about 1011 J/m3. The editors and the publisher are committed to provide this fast-growing community with a dedicated high quality channel to distribute their original findings. Papers suitable for publication in this journal cover topics in both the warm and hot dense matter regimes, such as laboratory studies relevant to non-LTE kinetics at extreme conditions, planetary interiors, astrophysical phenomena, inertial fusion and includes studies of, for example, material properties and both stable and unstable hydrodynamics. Developments in associated theoretical areas, for example the modelling of strongly coupled, partially degenerate and relativistic plasmas, are also covered.