Matrix methods for opacity calculations

Atomic structure calculations are the first step in an opacity calculation. They provide the self-consistent electronic potential and electron wavefunctions that are needed to evaluate the Slater integrals and dipole matrix elements. In this paper, we show that simple matrix methods can be used to perform Hartree–Fock–Slater or LDA calculations on standard atomic structure grids, including relativistic corrections, yielding bound and continuum wavefunctions that can be used, in conjunction with statistical broadening techniques, to obtain realistic average-atom opacities.