Neuroethics最新文献_第8页

Opportunity Cost or Opportunity Lost: An Empirical Assessment of Ethical Concerns and Attitudes of EEG Neurofeedback Users. 机会成本还是机会损失：脑电神经反馈用户的伦理问题和态度的实证评估。

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-23 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09506-x

Louiza Kalokairinou, Rebekah Choi, Ashwini Nagappan, Anna Wexler

{"title":"Opportunity Cost or Opportunity Lost: An Empirical Assessment of Ethical Concerns and Attitudes of EEG Neurofeedback Users.","authors":"Louiza Kalokairinou, Rebekah Choi, Ashwini Nagappan, Anna Wexler","doi":"10.1007/s12152-022-09506-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12152-022-09506-x","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Electroencephalography (EEG) neurofeedback is a type of biofeedback that purportedly teaches users how to control their brainwaves. Although neurofeedback is currently offered by thousands of providers worldwide, its provision is contested, as its effectiveness beyond a placebo effect is unproven. While scholars have voiced numerous ethical concerns about neurofeedback-regarding opportunity cost, physical and psychological harms, financial cost, and informed consent-to date these concerns have remained theoretical. This pilot study aimed to provide insights on whether these issues were supported by empirical data from the experiences of neurofeedback users.Methods: Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with individuals who had used EEG neurofeedback for themselves and/or for a child.Results: The majority of respondents (N = 36) were female (75%), white (92%), and of higher socioeconomic status relative to the U.S. population. Among adult users (n = 33), most (78.8%) resorted to neurofeedback after having tried other therapies and were satisfied with treatment (81.8%). The majority paid for neurofeedback out-of-pocket (72.7%) and considered it to be good value for money (84.8%). More than half (57.6%) considered neurofeedback to be a scientifically well-established therapy. However, of those, 78.9%were using neurofeedback for indications not adequately supported by scientific evidence.Conclusion: Concerns regarding opportunity cost, physical and psychological harms, and financial cost are not substantiated by our findings. Our results partially support concerns regarding insufficient understanding of limitations. This study underlines the disconnect between some of the theoretical concerns raised by scholars regarding the use of non-validated therapies and the lived experiences of users.","PeriodicalId":49255,"journal":{"name":"Neuroethics","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9555209/pdf/nihms-1838869.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33516299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Unintended Consequences of Chile’s Neurorights Constitutional Reform: Moving beyond Negative Rights to Capabilities 智利神经权利宪法改革的意外后果:超越消极权利到能力

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09504-z

J. Fins

引用次数: 8

Against Aggression? Revisiting an Overlooked Contender for Moral Bioenhancement 反对侵略?重新审视道德生物增强的一个被忽视的竞争者

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09501-2

Cohen Marcus Lionel Brown

引用次数: 0

Identifying the Presence of Ethics Concepts in Chronic Pain Research: A Scoping Review of Neuroscience Journals 慢性疼痛研究中伦理学概念的存在:神经科学期刊的范围综述

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2022-06-14 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09499-7

Rajita Sharma, Samuel A. Dale, Sapna Wadhawan, Melanie Anderson, Daniel Z. Buchman

引用次数: 2

Trust and Psychedelic Moral Enhancement 信任与迷幻道德提升

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2022-05-25 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09497-9

E. Gordon

引用次数: 1

Review of Walter Glannon’s The Neuroethics of Memory: From Total Recall to Oblivion, Cambridge University Press, 2019 沃尔特·格兰农《记忆的神经伦理学：从全面回忆到遗忘》，剑桥大学出版社，2019

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2022-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09495-x

E. Racine

引用次数: 0

Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson’s Disease: Why Earlier Use Makes Shared Decision Making Important 帕金森病的脑深部刺激：为什么早期使用使共同决策变得重要

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2022-04-24 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09496-w

Jaime Montemayor, H. Sarva, Karen Kelly-Blake, L. Cabrera

引用次数: 1

The Illusion of Agency in Human–Computer Interaction 人机交互中的代理幻觉

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09491-1

Michael Madary

{"title":"The Illusion of Agency in Human–Computer Interaction","authors":"Michael Madary","doi":"10.1007/s12152-022-09491-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-022-09491-1","url":null,"abstract":"This article makes the case that our digital devices create illusions of agency. There are times when users feel as if they are in control when in fact they are merely responding to stimuli on the screen in predictable ways. After the introduction, the second section of the article offers examples of illusions of agency that do not involve human–computer interaction in order to show that such illusions are possible and not terribly uncommon. The third and fourth sections of the article cover relevant work from empirical psychology, including the cues that are known to generate the sense of agency. The fifth section of the article shows that our devices are designed to deliver precisely those cues. In the sixth section, the argument is completed with evidence that users frequently use their smartphones without the sort of intentional supervision involved in genuine agency. This sixth section includes the introduction of Digital Environmental Dependency Syndrome (DEDS) as a possible way of characterizing extended use of the smartphone without genuine agency. In the final section of the article, there is a discussion of questions raised by the main claim, including suggestions for reducing occurrences of illusions of agency through software design.","PeriodicalId":49255,"journal":{"name":"Neuroethics","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138536782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Moral Neuroenhancement for Prisoners of War 战俘的道德神经增强

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2022-03-18 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09482-2

Blake Hereth

引用次数: 1

The Case of Hannah Capes: How Much Does Consciousness Matter? 汉娜·卡普斯案:意识有多重要?

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-022-09480-4

Lois Shepherd, C. William Pike, Jesse B. Persily, Mary Faith Marshall

{"title":"The Case of Hannah Capes: How Much Does Consciousness Matter?","authors":"Lois Shepherd, C. William Pike, Jesse B. Persily, Mary Faith Marshall","doi":"10.1007/s12152-022-09480-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-022-09480-4","url":null,"abstract":"A recent legal case involving an ambiguous diagnosis in a woman with a severe disorder of consciousness raises pressing questions about treatment withdrawal in a time when much of what experts know about disorders of consciousness is undergoing revision and refinement. How much should diagnostic certainty about consciousness matter? For the judge who refused to allow withdrawal of artificial nutrition and hydration, it was dispositive. Rather than relying on substituted judgment or best interests to determine treatment decisions, he ruled that withdrawal was categorically prohibited, even as he concluded that Hannah Capes was more likely than not in a permanent vegetative state. In many jurisdictions, his decision would likely be consistent with existing law. Evolving technological advances have demonstrated that biologically distinct diagnoses incorporated into state laws may be difficult to establish even under ideal conditions. We offer the Capes case for purposes of examining the consequences of enshrined legal distinctions between permanent vegetative state and other severe disorders of consciousness. Insistence on proof of the permanent absence of consciousness before treatment withdrawal is allowed fails to respect the rights of persons with disorders of consciousness. Even the well-established rights to treatment withdrawal for those in a permanent vegetative state may be in jeopardy if reform is not undertaken.","PeriodicalId":49255,"journal":{"name":"Neuroethics","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138536799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0