IF 2.6 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-025-09593-6

Andrew Ivan Brown, Katherine E MacDuffie, Sara Goering, Eran Klein

{"title":"The \"wheels that keep me goin'\": invisible forms of support for brain pioneers.","authors":"Andrew Ivan Brown, Katherine E MacDuffie, Sara Goering, Eran Klein","doi":"10.1007/s12152-025-09593-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12152-025-09593-6","url":null,"abstract":"Research participants in long-term, first-in-human trials of implantable neural devices (i.e., brain pioneers) are critical to the success of the emerging field of neurotechnology. How these participants fare in studies can make or break a research program. Yet, their ability to enroll, participate, and seamlessly exit studies relies on both the support of family/caregivers and care from researchers that is often hidden from view. The present study offers an initial exploration of the different kinds of support that play a role in neural device trials from the perspectives of brain pioneers and their support partners (spouses, paid caregivers, parents, etc.). Using a mixed methods approach (semi-structured, open-ended interviews and a survey) with interpretive grounded theory, we present narratives from a study of six pioneers -- four in brain-computer interface (BCI) trials, and two in deep brain stimulation (DBS) trials -- and five support partners, about their experiences of being supported and supporting participants in implantable neural device studies. Our findings indicate the substantial amount of work involved on the part of pioneers - and some support partners - to make these studies successful. A central finding of the study is that non-logistical forms of support - social, emotional, and epistemic support - play a role, alongside more widely acknowledged forms of support, such as transportation and physical and clinical care. We argue that developing a better understanding of the kinds of support that enable neurotechnology studies to go well can help bridge the gap between abstract ethical principles of caring for subjects and on-the-ground practice.","PeriodicalId":49255,"journal":{"name":"Neuroethics","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144303353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is the Treatment Worse than the Disease?: Key Stakeholders' Views about the Use of Psychiatric Electroceutical Interventions for Treatment-Resistant Depression. 治疗比疾病本身更糟糕吗？：关键利益相关者对使用精神病学电刺激干预治疗难治性抑郁症的看法。

IF 2.6 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-024-09573-2

Laura Y Cabrera, Robyn Bluhm, Aaron M McCright, Eric D Achtyes

{"title":"Is the Treatment Worse than the Disease?: Key Stakeholders' Views about the Use of Psychiatric Electroceutical Interventions for Treatment-Resistant Depression.","authors":"Laura Y Cabrera, Robyn Bluhm, Aaron M McCright, Eric D Achtyes","doi":"10.1007/s12152-024-09573-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-024-09573-2","url":null,"abstract":"Psychiatric electroceutical interventions (PEIs) use electrical or magnetic stimulation to treat psychiatric conditions. For depression therapy, PEIs include both approved treatment modalities, such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), and experimental neurotechnologies, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) and adaptive brain implants (ABIs). We present results from a survey-based experiment in which members of four relevant stakeholder groups (psychiatrists, patients with depression, caregivers of adults with depression, and the general public) assessed whether treatment with one of four PEIs (ECT, rTMS, DBS, or ABIs) was better or worse than living with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and then provided a narrative explanation for their assessment. Overall, the prevalence of many narrative themes differed substantially by stakeholder group-with psychiatrists typically offering different reasons for their assessment than non-clinicians-but much less so by PEI modality. A large majority of all participants viewed their assigned PEI as better than living with TRD, with their reasons being a mix of positive views about the treatment and negative views about TRD. The minority of all participants who viewed their assigned PEI as worse than living with TRD tended to express negative affect toward it as well as emphasize its riskiness, negative side effects, and, to a lesser extent, its invasiveness. The richness of these narrative explanations enabled us to put in context and add depth to key patterns seen in recent survey-based research on PEIs.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12152-024-09573-2.","PeriodicalId":49255,"journal":{"name":"Neuroethics","volume":"18 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Data Hazards as An Ethical Toolkit for Neuroscience. 作为神经科学伦理工具包的数据危害。

IF 2.6 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-024-09580-3

Susana Román García, Ceilidh Welsh, Nina H Di Cara, David C Sterratt, Nicola Romanò, Melanie I Stefan

引用次数: 0

Responding to existential distress at the end of life: Psychedelics and psychedelic experiences and/ as medicine 应对生命末期的生存困境：迷幻药和迷幻体验以及/作为药物

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-024-09571-4

Nathan Emmerich

{"title":"Responding to existential distress at the end of life: Psychedelics and psychedelic experiences and/ as medicine","authors":"Nathan Emmerich","doi":"10.1007/s12152-024-09571-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-024-09571-4","url":null,"abstract":"This essay engages with the (re)emergence of psychedelic medicine and the idea of psychedelics drugs and the experiences they induce as a developing therapeutic modality. It does so in the context of the provision of psychedelics to terminally ill patients experiencing existential distress as they approach the end of their lives. Reflecting on such suggestions facilitates an examination of a specific aspect of psychedelics and/ as medicine (or palliative care), namely questions of meaning and meaninglessness. Understood as impacting one’s ability to make or realise meaning in life, existential distress commonly entails a degree of demoralisation. In some cases, individuals can be thought of as inhabiting (and being inhabited by) a sense of meaninglessness. In contrast, the experiences psychedelics seem to induce are often imbued with a great deal of meaning, a sense of which seems to continue long after the psychoactive effects of such drugs have ceased. Whilst briefly considering whether or not meaning can properly be thought of as a matter for healthcare or a medical concern, this paper seeks to highlight some of the implications that the advent of psychedelic medicine might have. By way of a conclusion, I enjoin bioethics in recognising itself as a meaningful cultural discourse that is implicated in the future(s) of medicine, psychedelics and being human.","PeriodicalId":49255,"journal":{"name":"Neuroethics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep Brain Stimulation for Consciousness Disorders; Technical and Ethical Considerations 深部脑刺激治疗意识障碍；技术和伦理考虑因素

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-024-09570-5

Alceste Deli, Alexander L. Green

{"title":"Deep Brain Stimulation for Consciousness Disorders; Technical and Ethical Considerations","authors":"Alceste Deli, Alexander L. Green","doi":"10.1007/s12152-024-09570-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-024-09570-5","url":null,"abstract":"Disorders of Consciousness (DoC) result in profound functional impairment, adversely affecting the lives of a predominantly younger patient population. Currently, effective treatment options for those who have reached chronicity (prolonged symptom duration over 4 weeks) are extremely limited, with the majority of such cases facing life-long dependence on carers and a poor quality of life. Here we briefly review the current evidence on caseload, diagnostic and management options in the United Kingdom (UK), United States of America (USA) and the European Union (EU). We identify key differences as well as similarities in these approaches across respective healthcare systems, highlighting unmet needs in this population. We subsequently present past efforts and the most recent advances in the field of surgical modulation of consciousness through implantable neurostimulation systems. We examine the ethical dilemmas that such a treatment approach may pose, proposing mediating solutions and methodological adjustments to address these concerns. Overall, we argue that there is a strong case for the utilisation of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the DoC patient cohort. This is based on both promising results of recent clinical trials as well as technological developments. We propose a revitalization of surgical neuromodulation for DoC with a multicenter, multidisciplinary approach and strict monitoring guidelines, in order to not only advance treatment options but also ensure the safeguarding of patients’ welfare and dignity.","PeriodicalId":49255,"journal":{"name":"Neuroethics","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141870617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurorights, Mental Privacy, and Mind Reading 神经权利、精神隐私和读心术

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-024-09568-z

Cohen Marcus Lionel Brown

引用次数: 0

A Transformative Trip? Experiences of Psychedelic Use 转变之旅？使用迷幻剂的体验

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-024-09567-0

Logan Neitzke-Spruill, Caroline Beit, Jill Robinson, Kai Blevins, Joel Reynolds, Nicholas G. Evans, Amy L. McGuire

{"title":"A Transformative Trip? Experiences of Psychedelic Use","authors":"Logan Neitzke-Spruill, Caroline Beit, Jill Robinson, Kai Blevins, Joel Reynolds, Nicholas G. Evans, Amy L. McGuire","doi":"10.1007/s12152-024-09567-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-024-09567-0","url":null,"abstract":"Psychedelic experiences are often compared to “transformative experiences” due to their potential to change how people think and behave. This study empirically examines whether psychedelic experiences constitute transformative experiences. Given psychedelics’ prospective applications as treatments for mental health disorders, this study also explores neuroethical issues raised by the possibility of biomedically directed transformation—namely, consent and moral psychopharmacology. To achieve these aims, we used both inductive and deductive coding techniques to analyze transcripts from interviews with 26 participants in psychedelic retreats. Results indicate that psychedelic experiences can constitute transformative experiences. Twenty participants reported experiences or insights that were seemingly inaccessible or impossible to attain if not for the psychoactive effects of psychedelics. All participants besides one reported some change in identity, values, beliefs, desires, and behavior—changes in behavior being the most common. Participants also reported feeling capable deciding to use psychedelics in part due to information seeking prior to their retreats. Finally, several participants reported an enhanced capacity for enacting changes in their lives. Our results underscore both the importance of subjective embodiment to transformation and the role of transformative agency in shaping outcomes of the psychedelic experience. We examine our results relative to neuroethical issues and advocate for centering the person in psychedelic research and neuroethical inquiry about psychedelics to avoid pitfalls associated with psychedelics’ potential as moral psychopharmacological agents.","PeriodicalId":49255,"journal":{"name":"Neuroethics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141512138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurotechnological Applications and the Protection of Mental Privacy: An Assessment of Risks 神经技术应用与精神隐私保护：风险评估

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2024-05-29 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-024-09565-2

Pablo López-Silva, Abel Wajnerman-Paz, Fruzsina Molnar-Gabor

{"title":"Neurotechnological Applications and the Protection of Mental Privacy: An Assessment of Risks","authors":"Pablo López-Silva, Abel Wajnerman-Paz, Fruzsina Molnar-Gabor","doi":"10.1007/s12152-024-09565-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-024-09565-2","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of mental privacy can be defined as the principle that subjects should have control over the access to their own neural data and to the information about the mental processes and states that can be obtained by analyzing it. Our aim is to contribute to the current debate on mental privacy by identifying the main positions, articulating key assumptions and addressing central arguments. First, we map the different positions found in current literature. We distinguish between those who dismiss concerns about mental privacy and those who endorse them. In this latter group, we establish a further disagreement between conservative and liberal strategies to protect mental privacy. Then, we address the first discussion by articulating and criticizing different skeptical views on mental privacy. Finally, we try to identify what are the unique features of neural data and examine how they may be connected to the ways in which neurotechnological mindreading could put mental privacy at risk. We suggest that even if neural data is unique, it may not require new strategies to protect people from its misuse. However, identifying the special features and risks of neurotechnological mind-reading is necessary for the second discussion on mental privacy to properly take off.","PeriodicalId":49255,"journal":{"name":"Neuroethics","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141165944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Who does Neuroethics Scholarship Address, and What Does it Recommend? A Content Analysis of Selected Abstracts from the International Neuroethics Society Annual Meetings 神经伦理学学术研究的对象和建议？对国际神经伦理学会年会部分摘要的内容分析

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-024-09554-5

Nina Yichen Wei, Rebekah J. Choi, Laura Specker Sullivan, Anna Wexler

{"title":"Who does Neuroethics Scholarship Address, and What Does it Recommend? A Content Analysis of Selected Abstracts from the International Neuroethics Society Annual Meetings","authors":"Nina Yichen Wei, Rebekah J. Choi, Laura Specker Sullivan, Anna Wexler","doi":"10.1007/s12152-024-09554-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12152-024-09554-5","url":null,"abstract":"Much neuroethics literature concludes with a set of normative recommendations. While these recommendations can be a helpful way of summarizing a proposal for a future direction, some have recently argued that ethics scholarship has devoted insufficient attention to considerations of audience and real-world applications. To date, however, while scholars have conducted topic analyses of neuroethics literature, to our knowledge no study has evaluated who neuroethics scholarship addresses and what it recommends. The objective of the present study therefore was to provide a preliminary characterization of recommendations offered in neuroethics scholarship and an assessment of their target audiences. Rather than attempting to demarcate what constitutes “neuroethics scholarship,” we analyzed text that authors’ had self-identified as being neuroethics-related: abstracts presented at the International Neuroethics Society (INS) annual meetings and published as top abstracts in AJOB Neuroscience in the last decade (2011–2020). We found that a majority of abstracts utilized conceptual methods (62.2%) and provided conceptual recommendations (68%). Roughly 77% of all abstracts did not explicitly address a target audience, yet nearly all of these were implicitly directed at other scholars. The remainder specified a target audience of scholars (12.2%), regulators (6.7%), healthcare providers (6.7%) and industry (2.6%). Only a subset of abstracts provided practical or policy recommendations (19.7%). Of those, the majority (61.5%) did not specify a target audience. Among the subset with actionable recommendations, a clarification of target audience may help increase the impact.","PeriodicalId":49255,"journal":{"name":"Neuroethics","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140935680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autism and the Case Against Job Interviews 自闭症和反对求职面试的理由

IF 1.4 4区哲学

Neuroethics Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1007/s12152-024-09563-4

Bouke de Vries

引用次数: 0

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