Global Health Action最新文献

{"title":"Low body mass index as a predictor of sputum culture conversion and treatment outcomes among patients receiving treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Lesotho.","authors":"Lawrence Oyewusi, Chengbo Zeng, K J Seung, Stephanie Mpinda, Mikanda Kunda, Carole D Mitnick, Makelele Kanu, Meseret Tamirat, Joalane Makaka, Mabatloung Mofolo, Refiloe Maime, Llang Maama, Ninza Senyo, Bamidele Oguntoyinbo, Lwayi Mayombo, Molly F Franke","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2305930","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2305930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A low body mass index (BMI) at the start of treatment for rifampicin- or multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) is associated with poor treatment outcomes and may contribute to delayed sputum culture conversion, thereby prolonging the period of potential transmission to others. Whether the relative importance of low BMI in predicting treatment outcomes differs by HIV status is unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We evaluated the association between low BMI and two dependent variables, sputum culture conversion and end-of-treatment outcome, among patients receiving treatment for MDR/RR-TB in Lesotho, a setting with a high prevalence of HIV infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Secondary data from a prospective cohort of patients initiating a longer (18-20 months) treatment containing bedaquiline and/or delamanid under routine programmatic conditions in Lesotho were analysed. Risk ratios and differences were adjusted for potential confounders using multivariable logistic regression, and estimates were stratified by HIV status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 264 patients, 105 and 250 were eligible for culture conversion and end-of-treatment analyses, respectively. Seventy-one per cent of patients (74/105) experienced culture conversion within six months, while 74% (184/250) experienced a favourable end-of-treatment outcome. Low BMI was associated with a lower frequency of culture conversion at six months among those who were not living with HIV (relative risk [RR]: 0.50 [95% CI: 0.21, 0.79]); this association was attenuated among those living with HIV (RR: 0.88 [95% CI: 0.68, 1.23]). A low BMI was moderately associated with a lower frequency of treatment success (RR = 0.89 [95% CI: 0.77, 1.03]), regardless of HIV status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Low BMI was common and associated with the frequency of six-month culture conversion and end-of-treatment outcomes. The association with culture conversion was more pronounced among those not living with HIV. Addressing the myriad factors that drive low BMI in this setting could hasten culture conversion and improve end-of-treatment outcomes. This will require a multipronged approach focused on alleviating food insecurity and enabling prompt diagnosis and treatment of HIV and TB.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10840591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139673355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying the photovoice method with adolescents in mining areas in rural Mozambique: critical reflections and lessons learned.","authors":"Olga Cambaco, Hermínio Cossa, Andrea Farnham, Eusébio Macete, Mirko S Winkler, Karin Gross, Khátia Munguambe","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2305506","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2305506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a recognised need for innovative methods to elicit the perspective of adolescents on public health issues, particularly when addressing sensitive topics such as the impact of mining projects on their health. Participatory approaches such as \"photovoice\" allow for deep engagement of vulnerable and marginalised populations, including adolescents. However, few existing studies have used the photovoice method to reflect on issues related to the environment and its impact on public health. To date, no studies have been found that have used photovoice to gain insight into adolescents' perspectives in mining areas. In this paper, we discuss the application of the photovoice method to understand adolescents' perceptions about the impact of mining on their health and well-being in rural areas in Mozambique. The study was conducted in northern and central Mozambique. Photovoice was successfully integrated into eight focus group discussions with adolescent girls and boys aged 15 to 17 years. Several lessons for guiding future research were learned. First, it provided an understanding of the perceived impacts of mining on their health and well-being. Second, photovoice promoted active engagement and interest in the study by the adolescents. Finally, compared to its ability to capture perceptions of physical and environmental aspects affecting adolescents' well-being, the method was less straightforward in revealing their concerns regarding social, relational and community aspects that are less tangible. Programs can make use of photovoice to address health issues without setting adolescents' views and priorities aside, allowing them to influence health decisions on issues that are meaningful to them. Future studies should explore strategies to minimise the role of the power dynamics that affect the engagement and contribution of adolescents in advocating for necessary and meaningful changes. Additionally, it is important to investigate how health programs and policies can help to reduce the impact of existing inequalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10851835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139698648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facility capacity and provider knowledge for cholera surveillance and diarrhoea case management in cholera hotspots in the Democratic Republic of Congo - a mixed-methods study.","authors":"Mattias Schedwin, Aurélie Bisumba Furaha, Kelly Elimian, Carina King, Espoir Bwenge Malembaka, Marc K Yambayamba, Thorkild Tylleskär, Tobias Alfvén, Simone E Carter, Placide Welo Okitayemba, Mala Ali Mapatano, Helena Hildenwall","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2317774","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2317774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wider healthcare-strengthening interventions are recommended in cholera hotspots and could benefit other types of diarrhoeal diseases which contribute to greater mortality than cholera.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Describe facility capacity and provider knowledge for case management of diarrhoea and cholera surveillance in cholera hotspots in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) among health facilities, drug shops, and traditional health practitioners.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a sequential exploratory mixed-method study, using focus group discussions, facility audits, and provider knowledge questionnaires during September and October 2022 in North Kivu and Tanganyika provinces, Eastern DRC. Content analysis was used for qualitative data. Quantitative data were summarised by facility level and healthcare provider type. Audit and knowledge scores (range 0-100) were generated. Multivariable linear regression estimated association between scores and explanatory factors. Qualitative and quantitative data were triangulated during interpretation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 244 facilities and 308 providers were included. The mean audit score for health facilities was 51/100 (SD: 17). Private facilities had an -11.6 (95% CI, -16.7 to -6.6) lower adjusted mean score compared to public. Mean knowledge score was 59/100 (95% CI, 57 to 60) for health facility personnel, 46/100 (95% CI, 43 to 48) for drug shop vendors and 37/100 (95% CI, 34 to 39) for traditional health practitioners. Providers had particularly low knowledge concerning when to check for low blood sugar, use of nasogastric tubes, and dosing schedules. Knowledge about case definitions for cholera was similar between groups (range 41-58%) except for traditional health practitioners for the definition during an outbreak 15/73 (21%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increasing awareness of cholera case definitions in this context could help improve cholera surveillance and control. Increased support and supervision, especially for private providers, could help ensure facilities are equipped to provide safe care. More nuanced aspects of case management should be emphasised in provider training.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Arming half-baked people with weapons!\" Information enclaving among professionals and the need for a care-centred model for antibiotic use information in Uganda, Tanzania and Malawi.","authors":"Susan Nayiga, Eleanor E MacPherson, John Mankhomwa, Fortunata Nasuwa, Raymond Pongolani, Rita Kabuleta, Mike Kesby, Russell Dacombe, Shona Hilton, Delia Grace, Nicholas Feasey, Clare I R Chandler","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2322839","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2322839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The overuse of antimicrobial medicines is a global health concern, including as a major driver of antimicrobial resistance. In many low- and middle-income countries, a substantial proportion of antibiotics are purchased over-the-counter without a prescription. But while antibiotics are widely available, information on when and how to use them is not.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to understand the acceptability among experts and professionals of sharing information on antibiotic use with end users - patients, carers and farmers - in Uganda, Tanzania and Malawi.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Building on extended periods of fieldwork amongst end-users and antibiotic providers in the three countries, we conducted two workshops in each, with a total of 44 medical and veterinary professionals, policy makers and drug regulators, in December 2021. We carried out extensive documentary and literature reviews to characterise antibiotic information systems in each setting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants reported that the general public had been provided information on medicine use in all three countries by national drug authorities, health care providers and in package inserts. Participants expressed concern over the danger of sharing detailed information on antibiotic use, particularly that end-users are not equipped to determine appropriate use of medicines. Sharing of general instructions to encourage professionally-prescribed practices was preferred.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Without good access to prescribers, the tension between enclaving and sharing of knowledge presents an equity issue. Transitioning to a client care-centred model that begins with the needs of the patient, carer or farmer will require sharing unbiased antibiotic information at the point of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10916894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"China's policies: post-COVID-19 challenges for the older population.","authors":"Xuezhi Wei, Guoqing Han, Quansheng Wang","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2345968","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2345968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On 7 December 2022, the State Council of China released 'Measures to Further Optimize the Implementation of the Prevention and Control of the New Coronavirus Epidemic'. The previous three-year dynamic zero epidemic prevention policy was then replaced with a full liberalization policy. On 5 May 2023, the World Health Organization declared that COVID-19 no longer constituted a 'public health emergency of international concern.' However, given the ongoing prevalence of coronavirus, emerging mutations, and the liberalization of restrictions, there are increased risks of vulnerable people contracting new variants. Low vaccination coverage among older people with compromised immune systems, puts them at further risk. The policy shift will increase pressure on already stretched health infrastructure and medical resources. This short article adds to the current debate arguing that the Chinese government should take commensurate preventive measures, including strengthening medical facilities and equipment and targeting ongoing vaccination in older people.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11080668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140892592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organizational culture and turnover intention among primary care providers: a multilevel study in four large cities in China.","authors":"Mengyao Li, Wenhua Wang, Jinnan Zhang, Ruixue Zhao, Katya Loban, Huiyun Yang, Rebecca Mitchell","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2346203","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2346203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary health care plays an important role in providing populations with access to health care. However, it is currently facing unprecedented workforce shortages and high turnover worldwide.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the relationship between organizational culture and turnover intention among primary care providers in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was administered in four large cities in China, Tianjin, Jinan, Shanghai, and Shenzhen, comprising 38 community health centers and 399 primary care providers. Organizational culture was measured using the Competing Value Framework model, which is divided into four culture types: group, development, hierarchy, and rational culture. Turnover intention was measured using one item assessing participants' intention to leave their current position in the following year. We compared the turnover intention among different organizational culture types using a Chi-square test, while the hierarchical logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between organizational culture and turnover intention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that 32% of primary care providers indicated an intention to leave. Primary care providers working in a hierarchical culture reported higher turnover intention (43.18%) compared with those in other cultures (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Hierarchical culture was a predictor of turnover intention (OR = 3.453, <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas rational culture had a negative effect on turnover intention (OR = 0.319, <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings inform organizational management strategies to retain a healthy workforce in primary health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Action against birth defects: if not now, when?","authors":"Kathleen Strong, Judith Robb-McCord, Salimah Walani, Cecilia Mellado, Lorenzo D Botto, Guillermo Lay-Son, Theresa Diaz, Tahmina Banu, Kokila Lakhoo, Anshu Banerjee","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2354002","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2354002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>More children are surviving through interventions to address the infectious causes of under-5 mortality; subsequently, the proportion of deaths caused by birth defects is increasing. Prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care interventions for birth defects are available but are needed where the burden is highest, low-and-middle-income countries.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>A selection of birth defect focused publications, conferences, and World Health Assembly resolutions from 2000 to 2017 show that global efforts were made to raise the profile of birth defects in global public health. However, recent donor support and national government interest has waned. Without concerted global action to improve primary prevention and care for children born with birth defects, the Sustainable Development Goal targets for child survival will not be met.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Birth defects make up 8% and 10% of global under-5 and neonatal deaths respectively, making them significant contributors to preventable loss of life for children. Survivors face long-term morbidity and lifelong disability which compounds the health and economic woes of individuals, families, communities and society as a whole. Demographic changes in sub-Saharan Africa portend a growing number of births with 1.6 billion projected from 2021 to 2050. More births and better survival without effective prevention and treatment for birth defects translates into more mortality and disability from birth defects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We recommend interventions for prevention of birth defects. These are evidenced-based and affordable, but require low- and middle-income countries to strengthened their health systems. Action against birth defects now will prevent premature deaths and long-term disability, and lead to stronger, more resilient health systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11146259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injury mortality in South Africa: a 2009 and 2017 comparison to track progress to meeting sustainable development goal targets.","authors":"Megan Prinsloo, Shibe Mhlongo, Rifqah A Roomaney, Lea Marineau, Thakadu A Mamashela, Bianca Dekel, Debbie Bradshaw, Lorna J Martin, Carl Lombard, Rachel Jewkes, Naeemah Abrahams, Richard Matzopoulos","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2377828","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2377828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Injuries, often preventable, prompted urgent action within the United Nations' 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to improve global health. South Africa (SA) has high rates of injury mortality, but accurate reporting of official national data is hindered by death misclassification.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Two nationally representative surveys for 2009 and 2017 are utilised to assess SA's progress towards SDG targets for violence and road traffic injuries, alongside changes in suicide and under-5 mortality rates for childhood injuries, and compare these estimates with those of the Global Burden of Disease for SA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The surveys utilised multi-stage, stratified cluster sampling from eight provinces, with mortuaries as primary sampling units. Post-mortem files for non-natural deaths were reviewed, with additional data from the Western Cape. Age-standardised rates, 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated for manner of death rate comparisons and for age groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The all-injury age-standardised mortality rate decreased significantly between 2009 and 2017. Homicide and transport remained the leading causes of injury deaths, with a significant 31% decrease in road traffic mortality (IRR = 0.69), from 36.1 to 25.0 per 100 000 population.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite a reduction in SA's road traffic mortality rate, challenges to achieve targets related to young and novice drivers and male homicide persist. Achieving SA's injury mortality SDG targets requires comprehensive evaluations of programmes addressing road safety, violence reduction, and mental well-being. In the absence of reliable routine data, survey data allow to accurately assess the country's SDG progress through commitment to evidence-based policymaking.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11328790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) rollout, most cases of tuberculosis among people with HIV in Adama, Ethiopia, occur before ART initiation.","authors":"Patrik Bristedt, Meseker Fentie, Per Björkman, Anton Reepalu","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2395073","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2395073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) leads to reduced tuberculosis (TB) incidence in people with HIV (PWH), ART recipients remain at higher risk of TB compared to HIV-seronegative people. With accelerated ART rollout in sub-Saharan Africa, increasing proportions of TB cases among PWH in people receiving long-term ART have been reported.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine TB notifications among PWH by ART status in a mainly urban uptake area in Ethiopia during an 8-year period in connection to the introduction of the 'test-and-treat' strategy for HIV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PWH were identified from registers at health facilities providing ART in Adama and surrounding areas, Ethiopia 2015-2022. Annual TB notifications were compared over time. PWH within TB were categorized by ART status at the time of TB diagnosis (pre-ART TB: TB diagnosed before or ≤6 months after starting ART; ART-associated TB: TB diagnosed >6 months after starting ART).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among a total of 8,926 PWH, 993 had been diagnosed with TB (11.1%); mean age 40.0 years [SD 11.8], 53.5% were men). Throughout the study period, most TB cases had been notified before ART initiation (617/993; 62.1%). ART-associated TB cases constituted a mean of 37.4% (range 23.8%-44.2%) of all TB cases among PWH annually. Median time from ART initiation to TB diagnosis among ART-associated TB was 6.0 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TB notifications among PWH in this area did not decrease 2015-2022, implying persistently high risk of TB among PWH in this setting. Most TB cases occurred in ART-naïve persons, illustrating late HIV diagnosis in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11360637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease burden comparison and associated risk factors of early- and late-onset neonatal sepsis in China and the USA, 1990-2019.","authors":"Chengyue Zhang, Lianfang Yu, Xiaoming Pan, Yuwei Lu, Kaiyu Pan","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2396734","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2396734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The morbidity and mortality rates of neonatal sepsis are high, with significant differences in risk factors and disease burden observed between developing and developed countries.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To provide evidence to support recommendations on improving public health policies using a comparative systematic analysis of the disease burden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, the prevalence and incidence of early- and late-onset neonatal sepsis and the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to both countries in both China and the United States of America (USA) were assessed. Furthermore, the DALYs and summary exposure values for the primary risk factors (short gestation and low birthweight) were analysed. Joinpoint regression models were used to analyse temporal trends in epidemiological indicators of neonatal sepsis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 1990 and 2019, the incidence and prevalence of neonatal sepsis demonstrated a significant upwards trend in China, whereas both were largely stable in the USA. A decreasing trend in the DALYs due to neonatal sepsis caused by short gestation and low birthweight in both sexes was observed in both countries, whereas a fluctuating increasing trend in years lived with disability was observed in China.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The aim of the Chinese public health policy should be to control risk factors, learning from the advanced health policy planning and perinatal management experiences of developed countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11376289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142127130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}