Global Health Action最新文献

{"title":"Any better? A follow-up content analysis of adolescent sexual and reproductive health inclusion in Global Financing Facility country planning documents.","authors":"Ulla Walmisley, Mary V Kinney, Joël Arthur Kiendrébéogo, Yamba Kafando, Asha S George","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2315644","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2315644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Global Financing Facility (GFF) supports national reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, adolescent health, and nutrition needs. Previous analysis examined how adolescent sexual and reproductive health was represented in GFF national planning documents for 11 GFF partner countries.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This paper furthers that analysis for 16 GFF partner countries as part of a Special Series.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Content analysis was conducted on publicly available GFF planning documents for Afghanistan, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, CAR, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Haiti, Indonesia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Tajikistan, Vietnam. Analysis considered adolescent health content (mindset), indicators (measure) and funding (money) relative to adolescent sexual and reproductive health needs, using a tracer indicator.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Countries with higher rates of adolescent pregnancy had more content relating to adolescent reproductive health, with exceptions in fragile contexts. Investment cases had more adolescent content than project appraisal documents. Content gradually weakened from mindset to measures to money. Related conditions, such as fistula, abortion, and mental health, were insufficiently addressed. Documents from Burkina Faso and Malawi demonstrated it is possible to include adolescent programming even within a context of shifting or selective priorities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tracing prioritisation and translation of commitments into plans provides a foundation for discussing global funding for adolescents. We highlight positive aspects of programming and areas for strengthening and suggest broadening the perspective of adolescent health beyond the reproductive health to encompass issues, such as mental health. This paper forms part of a growing body of accountability literature, supporting advocacy work for adolescent programming and funding.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2315644"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11188955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141499415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is successful integration in primary health care: qualitative insights from the Chinese public.","authors":"Jinnan Zhang, Rebecca Mitchell, Ruixue Zhao, Mengyao Li, Wenhua Wang","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2430811","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2430811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>China is transforming its hospital-centric service delivery system into a people-centered integrated care model, with service delivery organized around the health needs and expectations of people.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To guide reforms and align with public expectations, this study profiles successful integration in primary health care from the public perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Guided by the rainbow model of integrated care, semi-structured interviews were conducted in six provinces in China. A total of 58 interviewees completed the interviews. Tape-based analysis was used to produce narrative summaries. Researchers listened to the recordings and summarized by 30-s segments. Thematic analysis was performed on summaries to identify thematic families.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five themes and 16 sub-themes were generated. Respondents' expectations were primarily on three themes: clinical integration (such as interaction between professional and client, continuity, and empowering and engaging individuals), functional integration (such as resources management, quality improvement, and reforming payment systems), and system integration (such as institutional distribution and supervision). Yet a few interviewees mentioned professional integration (multi-disciplinary collaboration) and organizational integration (inter-organizational strategy).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Qualitative data were used to reveal public perceptions of successful primary health care integration. Service processes, institutional distribution, regulation, resource management, and quality improvement are more visible to the public and will be priorities for future efforts. Whereas inter-organizational strategies and multi-disciplinary collaboration have been shown to facilitate service improvements. Future efforts could consider how policy efforts can be grounded in visible service delivery through management practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2430811"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Action against birth defects: if not now, when?","authors":"Kathleen Strong, Judith Robb-McCord, Salimah Walani, Cecilia Mellado, Lorenzo D Botto, Guillermo Lay-Son, Theresa Diaz, Tahmina Banu, Kokila Lakhoo, Anshu Banerjee","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2354002","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2354002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>More children are surviving through interventions to address the infectious causes of under-5 mortality; subsequently, the proportion of deaths caused by birth defects is increasing. Prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care interventions for birth defects are available but are needed where the burden is highest, low-and-middle-income countries.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>A selection of birth defect focused publications, conferences, and World Health Assembly resolutions from 2000 to 2017 show that global efforts were made to raise the profile of birth defects in global public health. However, recent donor support and national government interest has waned. Without concerted global action to improve primary prevention and care for children born with birth defects, the Sustainable Development Goal targets for child survival will not be met.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Birth defects make up 8% and 10% of global under-5 and neonatal deaths respectively, making them significant contributors to preventable loss of life for children. Survivors face long-term morbidity and lifelong disability which compounds the health and economic woes of individuals, families, communities and society as a whole. Demographic changes in sub-Saharan Africa portend a growing number of births with 1.6 billion projected from 2021 to 2050. More births and better survival without effective prevention and treatment for birth defects translates into more mortality and disability from birth defects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We recommend interventions for prevention of birth defects. These are evidenced-based and affordable, but require low- and middle-income countries to strengthened their health systems. Action against birth defects now will prevent premature deaths and long-term disability, and lead to stronger, more resilient health systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2354002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11146259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organizational culture and turnover intention among primary care providers: a multilevel study in four large cities in China.","authors":"Mengyao Li, Wenhua Wang, Jinnan Zhang, Ruixue Zhao, Katya Loban, Huiyun Yang, Rebecca Mitchell","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2346203","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2346203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary health care plays an important role in providing populations with access to health care. However, it is currently facing unprecedented workforce shortages and high turnover worldwide.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the relationship between organizational culture and turnover intention among primary care providers in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was administered in four large cities in China, Tianjin, Jinan, Shanghai, and Shenzhen, comprising 38 community health centers and 399 primary care providers. Organizational culture was measured using the Competing Value Framework model, which is divided into four culture types: group, development, hierarchy, and rational culture. Turnover intention was measured using one item assessing participants' intention to leave their current position in the following year. We compared the turnover intention among different organizational culture types using a Chi-square test, while the hierarchical logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between organizational culture and turnover intention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that 32% of primary care providers indicated an intention to leave. Primary care providers working in a hierarchical culture reported higher turnover intention (43.18%) compared with those in other cultures (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Hierarchical culture was a predictor of turnover intention (OR = 3.453, <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas rational culture had a negative effect on turnover intention (OR = 0.319, <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings inform organizational management strategies to retain a healthy workforce in primary health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2346203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of digital health in pandemic preparedness and response: securing global health?","authors":"Chisom Ogochukwu Ezenwaji, Esther Ugo Alum, Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2419694","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2419694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Digital health technologies, such as mobile applications, wearable devices, and electronic health record systems, have significantly enhanced global health security by enabling timely data collection and analysis, identifying infectious disease trends, and reducing infection risk through remote services.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study assesses the role of digital health in pandemic preparedness and global health security response. It examines the application of digital health to early detection, surveillance, and data management in patient care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We gathered data from scholarly articles published between 2019 and 2024 (found in PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Web of Science), reports from the WHO, and case studies of recent pandemics. Topics discussed include digital health technologies, their use, benefits, and issues. We paid special attention to gathering the informed opinions and perspectives of specialists from various fields, including public health, technology, and government. The commentary synthesises these findings to offer suggestions for incorporating digital health into future pandemic preparedness and response.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Digital tools improve communication, combat fake news, and reach the public, but data protection and public health remain challenges. Integration requires extensive research and collaboration between governments and the private sector.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The COVID-19 outbreak demonstrated the importance of digital technology in outbreak management, patient care, communication, and data sharing. As the world transitions into the post-pandemic phase, it will be important to build on these innovations and prepare for the challenges ahead in order to strengthen healthcare systems for future pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2419694"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women's exposure to intimate partner violence and its association with child stunting: findings from a population-based study in rural Rwanda.","authors":"Jean Nepo Utumatwishima, Ingrid Mogren, Kristina Elfving, Aline Umubyeyi, Ali Mansourian, Gunilla Krantz","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2414527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2024.2414527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Child stunting is a significant challenge for most districts in Rwanda and much of sub-Saharan Africa and persists despite multisectoral efforts. There is a notable lack of population-based studies examining the correlation between violence against women and child stunting in Rwanda.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to investigate the association between Rwandan women's exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) and child stunting in children under 3 years of age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In December 2021, a population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Northern Province of Rwanda, including 601 women and their children <3 years of age. The World Health Organization (WHO) Women's Health and Life Experiences Questionnaire for IPV research was utilized. Child stunting was assessed using the WHO criteria for low height for age. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between IPV and child stunting before and during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 601 women, 47.4% (<i>n</i> = 285) experienced any form of IPV during pregnancy. The prevalence rates of the types of IPV associated with child stunting varied: 33% for psychological, 31.4% for sexual, and 25.7% for physical violence. Exposure to physical violence before pregnancy and sexual violence during pregnancy was associated with higher odds of child stunting; the adjusted odds ratios were 1.29 (95% CI, 1.01-2.03) and 1.25 (95% CI, 1.04-2.01), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Women's exposure to physical and psychological violence is associated with an increased risk of child stunting. Urgent targeted interventions and support systems are needed to address the complex relationship between women's exposure to IPV and adverse effects on child growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2414527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11485766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contested and nervous spaces: exploring the environment of healthcare provision for international migrants in the Gauteng province of South Africa.","authors":"Janine A White, Laetitia C Rispel","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2422192","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2422192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Notwithstanding the global goal of inclusive universal health coverage, and the notion of migrant-sensitive health systems, limited healthcare access or the exclusion of migrants from national health systems persists. South Africa has a rights-based constitution, but there is an inability or a failure of the health system to recognise and address the health needs of migrants.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the intersection of the environment of healthcare provision for migrants and the everyday practices and behaviours of health workers and patients in the Gauteng province of South Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The conceptual frameworks of health system responsiveness and social exclusion informed this institutional ethnographic study at 13 healthcare facilities in Gauteng province. We developed an observation guide to explore the intersection of culture and environment and its influence on healthcare provision to patients, especially migrants. Following ethics approval, we observed the facilities for 234 person-days. We used thematic analysis to analyse the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Busy, frantic or nervous spaces, and contestations between patients and health workers, and among health workers formed part of the social and cultural environment of healthcare provision. The presence of migrant patients during busy periods served as a detonator for rude or discriminatory remarks, exacerbated by staff shortages and language barriers. Simultaneously, migrants exercised their agency by rebutting or confronting rude health workers. We also observed encouraging examples of kindness, caring and professionalism of health workers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study has implications for achieving a migrant-sensitive health system in South Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2422192"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11539399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"China's policies: post-COVID-19 challenges for the older population.","authors":"Xuezhi Wei, Guoqing Han, Quansheng Wang","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2345968","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2345968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On 7 December 2022, the State Council of China released 'Measures to Further Optimize the Implementation of the Prevention and Control of the New Coronavirus Epidemic'. The previous three-year dynamic zero epidemic prevention policy was then replaced with a full liberalization policy. On 5 May 2023, the World Health Organization declared that COVID-19 no longer constituted a 'public health emergency of international concern.' However, given the ongoing prevalence of coronavirus, emerging mutations, and the liberalization of restrictions, there are increased risks of vulnerable people contracting new variants. Low vaccination coverage among older people with compromised immune systems, puts them at further risk. The policy shift will increase pressure on already stretched health infrastructure and medical resources. This short article adds to the current debate arguing that the Chinese government should take commensurate preventive measures, including strengthening medical facilities and equipment and targeting ongoing vaccination in older people.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2345968"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11080668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140892592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of rural community health workers in improving health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review.","authors":"Neema Kaseje, Meghna Ranganathan, Monica Magadi, Kevin Oria, Andy Haines","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2292385","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2292385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rural community health workers [CHWs] play a critical role in improving health outcomes during non-pandemic times, but evidence on their effectiveness during the COVID-19 pandemic is limited. There is a need to focus on rural CHWs and rural health systems as they have limited material and human resources rendering them more vulnerable than urban health systems to severe disruptions during pandemics.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This systematic review aims to describe and appraise the current evidence on the effectiveness of rural CHWs in improving access to health services and health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic in low-and middle-income countries [LMICs].</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched electronic databases for articles published from 2020 to 2023 describing rural CHW interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic in LMICs. We extracted data on study characteristics, interventions, outcome measures, and main results. We conducted a narrative synthesis of key results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen studies from 10 countries met our inclusion criteria. Most of the studies were from Asia [10 of 15 studies]. Study designs varied and included descriptive and analytical studies. The evidence suggested that rural CHW interventions led to increased household access to health services and may be effective in improving COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 health outcomes. Overall, however, the quality of evidence was poor due to methodological limitations; 14 of 15 studies had a high risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rural CHWs may have improved access to health services and health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic in LMICs but more rigorous studies are needed during future pandemics to evaluate their effectiveness in improving health outcomes in different settings and to assess appropriate support required to ensure their impact at scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2292385"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10773683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139099004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) rollout, most cases of tuberculosis among people with HIV in Adama, Ethiopia, occur before ART initiation.","authors":"Patrik Bristedt, Meseker Fentie, Per Björkman, Anton Reepalu","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2395073","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2395073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) leads to reduced tuberculosis (TB) incidence in people with HIV (PWH), ART recipients remain at higher risk of TB compared to HIV-seronegative people. With accelerated ART rollout in sub-Saharan Africa, increasing proportions of TB cases among PWH in people receiving long-term ART have been reported.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine TB notifications among PWH by ART status in a mainly urban uptake area in Ethiopia during an 8-year period in connection to the introduction of the 'test-and-treat' strategy for HIV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PWH were identified from registers at health facilities providing ART in Adama and surrounding areas, Ethiopia 2015-2022. Annual TB notifications were compared over time. PWH within TB were categorized by ART status at the time of TB diagnosis (pre-ART TB: TB diagnosed before or ≤6 months after starting ART; ART-associated TB: TB diagnosed >6 months after starting ART).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among a total of 8,926 PWH, 993 had been diagnosed with TB (11.1%); mean age 40.0 years [SD 11.8], 53.5% were men). Throughout the study period, most TB cases had been notified before ART initiation (617/993; 62.1%). ART-associated TB cases constituted a mean of 37.4% (range 23.8%-44.2%) of all TB cases among PWH annually. Median time from ART initiation to TB diagnosis among ART-associated TB was 6.0 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TB notifications among PWH in this area did not decrease 2015-2022, implying persistently high risk of TB among PWH in this setting. Most TB cases occurred in ART-naïve persons, illustrating late HIV diagnosis in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2395073"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11360637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}