Global Health Action最新文献

{"title":"Quality of active case-finding for tuberculosis in India: a national level secondary data analysis.","authors":"Hemant Deepak Shewade, G Kiruthika, Prabhadevi Ravichandran, Swati Iyer, Aniket Chowdhury, S Kiran Pradeep, Kathiresan Jeyashree, S Devika, Joshua Chadwick, Jeromie Wesley Vivian, Dheeraj Tumu, Amar N Shah, Bhavin Vadera, Venkatesh Roddawar, Sanjay K Mattoo, Kiran Rade, Raghuram Rao, Manoj V Murhekar","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2256129","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2256129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>India has been implementing active case-finding (ACF) for TB among marginalised and vulnerable (high-risk) populations since 2017. The effectiveness of ACF cycle(s) is dependent on the use of appropriate screening and diagnostic tools and meeting quality indicators.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the number of ACF cycles implemented in 2021 at national, state (<i>n</i> = 36) and district (<i>n</i> = 768) level and quality indicators for the first ACF cycle.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this descriptive study, aggregate TB program data for each ACF activity that was extracted was further aggregated against each ACF cycle at the district level in 2021. One ACF cycle was the period identified to cover all the high-risk populations in the district. Three TB ACF quality indicators were calculated: percentage population screened (≥10%), percentage tested among screened (≥4.8%) and percentage diagnosed among tested (≥5%). We also calculated the number needed to screen (NNS) for diagnosing one person with TB (≤1538).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 768 TB districts, ACF data for 111 were not available. Of the remaining 657 districts, 642 (98%) implemented one, and 15 implemented two to three ACF cycles. None of the districts or states met all three TB ACF quality indicators' cut-offs. At the national level, for the first ACF cycle, 9.3% of the population were screened, 1% of the screened were tested and 3.7% of the tested were diagnosed. The NNS was 2824: acceptable (≤1538) in institutional facilities and poor for population-based groups. Data were not consistently available to calculate the percentage of i) high-risk population covered, ii) presumptive TB among screened and iii) tested among presumptive.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In 2021, India implemented one ACF cycle with sub-optimal ACF quality indicators. Reducing the losses between screening and testing, improving data quality and sensitising stakeholders regarding the importance of meeting all ACF quality indicators are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10515680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41174349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual and reproductive health literacy among young people in Sub-Saharan Africa: evidence synthesis and implications.","authors":"Adamu Amanu, Zewdie Birhanu, Ameyu Godesso","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2279841","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2279841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sexual and reproductive health literacy is a key to attaining and maintaining sexual and reproductive health, especially among young people in low-income countries, such as sub-Saharan Africa. While the importance of sexual and reproductive health literacy is gaining wider recognition, studies on the topic have been mainly concentrated in high-income (developed) countries.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to provide a coherent summary and synthesis of the available evidence on sexual and reproductive health literacy among young people in sub-Saharan Africa, with implications for policy, interventions, and research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology for reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guideline to enhance the clarity and transparency of the reporting process. PubMed, CINAHL, AJOL, AIM, and Google Scholar were searched for evidence from 18 March to 20 May 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search provided 2,682 articles in total, of which only 24 met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. The findings revealed persistent sexual and reproductive health information/knowledge gaps, poor sexual and reproductive health-related knowledge and practices, lack of exercising sexual and reproductive health knowledge, and multiple determinants of sexual and reproductive health literacy among young people, ranging from personal to larger structural conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The review found that sexual and reproductive health literacy among young people in sub-Saharan Africa is concerning and has not been fully researched. A deeper understanding of the issue is essential for designing and implementing effective interventions to improve sexual and reproductive health literacy and health outcomes among young people.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10795590/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research priorities for improving menstrual health across the life-course in low- and middle-income countries.","authors":"Marina Plesons, Belen Torondel, Bethany A Caruso, Julie Hennegan, Marni Sommer, Jacquelyn Haver, Danielle Keiser, Anna M van Eijk, Garazi Zulaika, Linda Mason, Penelope A Phillips-Howard","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2279396","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2279396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research on menstrual health is required to understand menstrual needs and generate solutions to improve health, wellbeing, and productivity. The identification of research priorities will help inform where to invest efforts and resources.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify research priorities for menstrual health across the life-course, in consultation with a range of stakeholder groups from a variety of geographic regions, and to identify if menstrual health research priorities varied by expertise.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A modified version of the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative approach was utilized to reach consensus on a set of research priorities. Multisector stakeholders with menstrual health expertise, identified through networks and the literature, were invited to submit research questions through an online survey. Responses were consolidated, and individuals were invited to rank these questions based on novelty, potential for intervention, and importance/impact. Research priority scores were calculated and evaluated by participants' characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-two participants proposed 1135 research questions, which were consolidated into 94 unique research questions. The mean number of questions did not differ between low- and middle-income country (LMIC) and high-income country (HIC) participants, but significantly more questions were raised by participants with expertise in mental health and WASH. Sixty-six participants then ranked these questions. The top ten-ranked research questions included four on 'understanding the problem', four on 'designing and implementing interventions', one on 'integrating and scaling up', and one on 'measurement'. Indicators for the measurement of adequate menstrual health over time was ranked the highest priority by all stakeholders. Top ten-ranked research questions differed between academics and non-academics, and between participants from HICs and LMICs, reflecting differences in needs and knowledge gaps.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A list of ranked research priorities was generated through a consultative process with stakeholders across LMICs and HICs which can inform where to invest efforts and resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10795652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does training on the WHO package of essential noncommunicable (PEN) disease interventions enhance consultation quality? A real-world assessment of adherence to PEN protocol in primary health centres in the Republic of Moldova.","authors":"Jari Kempers, Cristina Rotaru, Alexandra Topa, Natalia Zarbailov, Ala Curteanu, Helen Prytherch","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2285619","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2285619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) pose a significant global health challenge. Primary health centres are pivotal in addressing this challenge by providing essential care to NCD patients. The WHO Package of Essential Noncommunicable (PEN) disease interventions has been designed to enhance the quality of NCD consultations and ensure adherence to the protocol. This study investigates the effects of PEN training in Moldova.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The primary objective of this study is to assess the effects of training on WHO PEN on the quality of NCD consultations and adherence to the PEN protocol in a real -world setting in primary health centres in Moldova.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted, comparing primary health centres where health personnel received PEN training, provided by the Healthy Life project, to those where such training was not provided. In total, 24 family doctors and 24 medical assistants were observed for 233 workdays and covering 2,166 NCD consultations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intervention primary health centres (PHCs) showed longer NCD consultation durations, with family doctors and medical assistants spending an added 1 minute 43 seconds and 3 minutes 10 seconds, respectively. These PHCs also reported a higher proportion of primary NCD consultations, indicating better screening for new NCD patients. Medical assistants in the intervention group took on a more pronounced role in NCD care. However, the findings also highlight the necessity to refine aspects of the PEN training, especially concerning follow-up consultations, risk assessments, and task delegation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that the PEN training contributed to improvement of both the quality of NCD consultations and adherence to the PEN protocol. Yet, there is a need for enhancing the identified aspects of the PEN training. The findings highlight the potential of PEN training in primary healthcare settings for improved NCD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10795647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stakeholder arguments during the adoption of a sugar sweetened beverage tax in South Africa and their influence: a content analysis.","authors":"Safura Abdool Karim, Petronell Kruger, Natasha Mazonde, Agnes Erzse, Susan Goldstein, Karen Hofman","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2022.2152638","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2022.2152638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes are recognised as an effective intervention to prevent obesity. More countries are adopting SSB taxes, but the process of the adoption is politically complex.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to analyse how public participation processes influenced the South African tax.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a content analysis of documents associated with the process of adopting the tax. Records were identified utilising the Parliamentary Monitoring Group database, including draft bills, meeting minutes and written submissions. The records were categorised and then inductively coded to identify themes and arguments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified six cross-cutting themes advanced by stakeholders: economic considerations, impact on the vulnerable, responsiveness of an SSB tax to the problem of obesity, appropriateness of an SSB tax in South Africa, procedural concerns, and structure of the tax. Stakeholder views and arguments about the tax diverged based on their vested interests. The primary policymaker was most responsive to arguments concerning the economic impact of a tax, procedural concerns and the structure of the tax, reducing the effective rate to address industry concerns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both supportive and opposing stakeholders influenced the tax. Economic arguments had a significant impact. Arguments in South Africa broadly echoed arguments advanced in many other jurisdictions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9754008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9235371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV self-testing acceptability among injured persons seeking emergency care in Nairobi, Kenya.","authors":"Adam R Aluisio, Scarlett J Bergam, Janet Sugut, John Kinuthia, Rose Bosire, Eric Ochola, Beatrice Ngila, Kate M Guthrie, Tao Liu, Mary Mugambi, David A Katz, Carey Farquhar, Michael J Mello","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2022.2157540","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2022.2157540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emergency department-based HIV self-testing (ED-HIVST) could increase HIV-testing services to high-risk, under-reached populations.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study sought to understand the injury patient acceptability of ED-HIVST.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Injury patients presenting to the Kenyatta National Hospital Accident and Emergency Department were enrolled from March to May 2021. Likert item data on HIVST assessing domains of general acceptability, personal acceptability, and acceptability to distribute to social and/or sexual networks were collected. Ordinal regression was performed yielding adjusted odds ratios (aOR) to identify characteristics associated with high HIVST acceptability across domains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 600 participants, 88.7% were male, and the median age was 29. Half reported having primary care providers (PCPs) and 86.2% reported prior HIV testing. For each Likert item, an average of 63.5% of the participants reported they 'Agree Completely' with positive statements about ED-HIVST in general, for themselves, and for others. In adjusted analysis for general acceptability, those <25 (aOR = 1.67, 95%CI:1.36-2.08) and with prior HIV testing (aOR = 1.68, 95%CI:1.27-2.21) had greater odds of agreeing completely. For personal acceptability, those with a PCP (aOR = 3.31, 95%CI:2.72-4.03) and prior HIV testing (aOR = 1.83, 95%CI:1.41-2.38) had greater odds of agreeing completely. For distribution acceptability, participants with a PCP (aOR = 2.42, 95%CI:2.01-2.92) and prior HIV testing (aOR = 1.79, 95%CI: 1.38-2.33) had greater odds of agreeing completely.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ED-HIVST is perceived as highly acceptable, and young people with prior testing and PCPs had significantly greater favourability. These data provide a foundation for ED-HIVST programme development in Kenya.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9848354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9220506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Workplace violence against healthcare workers in Pakistan; call for action, if not now, then when? A systematic review.","authors":"Syeda Tayyaba Rehan, Mishal Shan, Syed Hasan Shuja, Zayeema Khan, Hassan Ul Hussain, Rohan Kumar Ochani, Asim Shaikh, Iqbal Ratnani, Abdulqadir J Nashwan, Salim Surani","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2273623","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2273623","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background Workplace violence (WPV) is a global problem that affects healthcare workers’ physical and mental health and impairs work performance. Pakistan’s healthcare system is not immune to WPV, which the World Health Organization recognises as an occupational hazard. Objectives The primary objective of this systematic review is to determine the prevalence of physical, verbal, or other forms of WPV in healthcare workers in Pakistan. Secondary objectives include identifying the associated risk factors and perpetrators of WPV. Methods A systematic review of six electronic databases was conducted through August 2022. Studies were included if they met the following criteria: 1) healthcare workers (HCWs), including physicians, nurses, and paramedic staff working in the private or public sector of Pakistan; 2) exposure to physical, verbal, or any type of violence. Data were extracted and analysed for the prevalence of WPV, types of violence, associated risk factors, and perpetrators of violence. Results Twenty-four studies including 16,070 HCWs were included in this review. Verbal violence was the most common form of violence levied, with its highest prevalence (100%) reported in Islamabad and lowest verbal violence prevalence (25%) in Karachi. Verbal abuse was preponderant against female HCWs, while physical abuse was directed more towards males. The most common perpetrators were patient attendants, followed by the patients. Conclusion Our review determines a 25–100% prevalence of WPV against HCWs in Pakistani medical setups. This occupational hazard needs the attention of relevant authorities in the country to put protective enforcement policies in place. Large-scale surveys should be conducted to better gauge the current plight of HCWs in the nation.","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10653705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71487938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing the QUALI-DEC project in Argentina, Burkina Faso, Thailand and Viet Nam: a process delineation and theory-driven process evaluation protocol.","authors":"Amanda Cleeve, Kristi Sidney Annerstedt, Ana Pilar Betrán, Helle Mölsted Alvesson, Charles Kaboré Wendyam, Guillermo Carroli, Pisake Lumbiganon, Mac Quoc Nhu Hung, Karen Zamboni, Newton Opiyo, Meghan A Bohren, Soha El Halabi, Celina Gialdini, Mercedes Vila Ortiz, Ramón Escuriet, Michael Robson, Alexandre Dumont, Claudia Hanson","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2290636","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2290636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The project 'Quality Decision-making by women and providers' (QUALI-DEC) combines four non-clinical interventions to promote informed decision-making surrounding mode of birth, improve women's birth experiences, and reduce caesarean sections among low-risk women. QUALI-DEC is currently being implemented in 32 healthcare facilities across Argentina, Burkina Faso, Thailand, and Viet Nam. In this paper, we detail implementation processes and the planned process evaluation, which aims to assess how and for whom QUALI-DEC worked, the mechanisms of change and their interactions with context and setting; adaptations to intervention and implementation strategies, feasibility of scaling-up, and cost-effectiveness of the intervention. We developed a project theory of change illustrating how QUALI-DEC might lead to impact. The theory of change, together with on the ground observations of implementation processes, guided the process evaluation strategy including what research questions and perspectives to prioritise. Main data sources will include: 1) regular monitoring visits in healthcare facilities, 2) quantitative process and output indicators, 3) a before and after cross-sectional survey among post-partum women, 4) qualitative interviews with all opinion leaders, and 5) qualitative interviews with postpartum women and health workers in two healthcare facilities per country, as part of a case study approach. We foresee that the QUALI-DEC process evaluation will generate valuable information that will improve interpretation of the effectiveness evaluation. At the policy level, we anticipate that important lessons and methodological insights will be drawn, with application to other settings and stakeholders looking to implement complex interventions aiming to improve maternal and newborn health and wellbeing.<b>Trial registration</b>: ISRCTN67214403.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10763892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caring for providers to improve patient experience (CPIPE): intervention development process.","authors":"Patience A Afulani, Edwina N Oboke, Beryl A Ogolla, Monica Getahun, Joyceline Kinyua, Iscar Oluoch, James Odour, Linnet Ongeri","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2022.2147289","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2022.2147289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A growing body of research has documented disrespectful, abusive, and neglectful treatment of women in facilities during childbirth, as well as the drivers of such mistreatment. Yet, little research exists on effective interventions to improve Person-Centred Maternal Care (PCMC)-care that is respectful and responsive to individual women's preferences, needs, and values. We sought to extend knowledge on interventions to improve PCMC, with a focus on two factors - provider stress and implicit bias - that are driving poor PCMC and contributing to disparities in PCMC. In this paper we describe the process towards the development of the intervention. The intervention design was an iterative process informed by existing literature, behaviour change theory, formative research, and continuous feedback in consultation with key stakeholders. The intervention strategies were informed by the Social Cognitive Theory, Trauma Informed System framework, and the Ecological Perspective. This process resulted in the <i>'Caring for Providers to Improve Patient Experience (CPIPE)'</i> intervention, which has 5 components: provider training, peer support, mentorship, embedded champions, and leadership engagement. The training includes didactic and interactive content on PCMC, stress, burnout, dealing with difficult situations, and bias, with some content integrated into emergency obstetric and neonatal care (EmONC) simulations to enable providers apply concepts in the context of managing an emergency. The other components create an enabling environment for ongoing individual behavior and facility culture change. The pilot study is being implemented in Migori County, Kenya. The CPIPE intervention is an innovative theory and evidence-based intervention that addresses key drivers of poor PCMC and centers the unique needs of vulnerable women as well as that of providers. This intervention will advance the evidence base for interventions to improve PCMC and has great potential to improve equity in PCMC and maternal and neonatal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9754039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9235368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial study environment characteristics associated with exposure to sexual harassment at a large public university in southern Sweden: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Jack Palmieri, Per-Olof Östergren, Markus Larsson, Anette Agardh","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2264627","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2264627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Universities can be understood as work-like environments for students, with similar risks and expectations regarding psychosocial environment. Limited research has examined this study environment from a Demand-Control-Support perspective with regard to sexual harassment. Understanding this environment is key to designing protective measures. This study aimed to examine the association between individual and psychosocial study environment characteristics and exposure to sexual harassment among students at Lund University, Sweden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study utilised data from an online survey conducted among students. Questions on background characteristics, exposure to sexual harassment while at university and psychosocial study environment as measured by a Demand-Control-Support-instrument were used. Bivariate, and multivariable logistic regressions were used, together with Population Attributable Fractions (PAF), and synergy indexes (SI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High demands and low control were independently associated with higher odds of being exposed to sexual harassment among both females and males (OR 1.41, OR 1.26 and OR 1.55, OR1.34, respectively). When adjusting for background characteristics, high study strain (combination of high demands and low control) was associated with exposure to sexual harassment among both female and male respondents (aOR 1.67 and 1.98 respectively) and could account for PAF of 14% and 15% of study environment sexual harassment for females and males, respectively. Low lecturer support was associated with higher odds for sexual harassment among females (aOR 1.19) but not males. Little evidence was found for a buffering effect of student support on high strain and sexual harassment (SI 0.7).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Working to reduce situations of high strain study environments could be an effective strategy for reducing sexual harassment in university settings. Improving support from lecturers could also modify this relationship, but more research is required to identify causal pathways underlying this result.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10572035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41217618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}