Global Health Action最新文献

{"title":"Adaptation and validation of the Children's Surgical Assessment Tool for Rwandan district hospitals.","authors":"Sarah Nuss, Jean Paul Majyambere, Edmond Ntaganda, Callum Forbes, Jonathan Nkurunziza, Carol Mugabo, Vincent Cubaka, Bethany Hedt-Gauthier","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2297870","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2023.2297870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Paediatric surgical care is a critical component of child health and basic universal health coverage and therefore should be included in comprehensive evaluations of surgical capacity. This study adapted and validated the Children's Surgical Assessment Tool (CSAT), a tool developed for district and tertiary hospitals in Nigeria to evaluate hospital infrastructure, workforce, service delivery, financing, and training capacity for paediatric surgery, for use in district hospitals in Rwanda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a three-round modified Delphi process to adapt the CSAT to the Rwandan context. An expert panel of surgeons, anaesthesiologists, paediatricians, and health systems strengthening experts were invited to participate based on their experience with paediatric surgical or anaesthetic care at district hospitals or with health systems strengthening in the Rwandan context. We used the Content Validity Index to validate the final tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The adapted tool had a final score of 0.84 on the Content Validity Index, indicating a high level of agreement among the expert panel. The final tool comprised 171 items across five domains: facility characteristics, service delivery, workforce, financing, and training/research.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The adapted CSAT is appropriate for use in district hospitals in Rwanda to evaluate the capacity for paediatric surgery. This study provides a framework for adapting and validating a comprehensive paediatric surgical assessment tool to local contexts in LMICs and used in similar settings in sub-Saharan Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2297870"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10778412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139404881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Has stakeholder participation in health facility governing committees promoted social accountability? A qualitative study in Tanzania.","authors":"Hussein Athuman Kapuya, Stephen Oswald Maluka, Anna-Karin Hurtig, Miguel San Sebastian","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2432067","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2432067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since the 1990s, Tanzania has actively encouraged stakeholder participation in health services through Health Facility Governing Committees (HFGCs) to promote social accountability within its broader health system reforms. While previous studies have explored the functionality of the HFGCs, this study aimed to understand whether stakeholder participation in the HFGCs contributes to promoting social accountability in the health system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between July and October 2022, a qualitative study in two districts of Tanzania was carried out. Selected participants, knowledgeable about HFGCs, included facility managers, HFGC members representing diverse stakeholders in the committees, local government leaders, district health secretaries, and religious leaders. Twenty in-depth interviews were conducted and analysed thematically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings revealed low stakeholder participation in the committees´ activities, partly due to the committees´ inability to effectively sensitize and mobilize them. Inadequate support from local government leaders and the dominance of the facility managers in the committees´ activities, also affected the committees´ role as promoters of social accountability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The HFGCs in Tanzania have faced challenges in promoting social accountability due to weak stakeholder participation. Key issues include limited awareness of HFGCs, inadequate mobilization, and insufficient training, supervision, and guidelines from district councils. Additionally, flawed election processes, leadership interference, lack of political support, and limited financial resources undermined the committees' effectiveness. To improve engagement, district councils should enhance stakeholder sensitization, build HFGC capacity, ensure that facilities allocate 5% of their budgets for committee activities, monitor performance, and encourage local government support for HFGCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2432067"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a prognosis risk score model for neonatal mortality in the Amhara region, Ethiopia. A prospective cohort study.","authors":"Mengstu Melkamu Asaye, Yohannes Hailu Matebe, Helena Lindgren, Kerstin Erlandsson, Kassahun Alemu Gelaye","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2392354","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2392354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A neonatal mortality prediction score can assist clinicians in making timely clinical decisions to save neonates' lives by facilitating earlier admissions where needed. It can also help reduce unnecessary admissions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to develop and validate a prognosis risk score for neonatal mortality within 28 days in public hospitals in the Amhara region, Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The model was developed using a validated neonatal near miss assessment scale and a prospective cohort of 365 near-miss neonates in six hospitals between July 2021 and January 2022. The model's accuracy was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve, calibration belt, and the optimism statistic. Internal validation was performed using a 500-repeat bootstrapping technique. Decision curve analysis was used to evaluate the model's clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 63 of the 365 neonates died, giving a neonatal mortality rate of 17.3% (95% CI: 13.7-21.5). Six potential predictors were identified and included in the model: anemia during pregnancy, pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational age less than 37 weeks, birth asphyxia, 5 min Apgar score less than 7, and birth weight less than 2500 g. The model's AUC was 84.5% (95% CI: 78.8-90.2). The model's predictive ability while accounting for overfitting via internal validity was 82%. The decision curve analysis showed higher clinical utility performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The neonatal mortality predictive score could aid in early detection, clinical decision-making, and, most importantly, timely interventions for high-risk neonates, ultimately saving lives in Ethiopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2392354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11370670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Health Camp' model: a unique approach for child vaccination in non-state armed actor controlled, inaccessible geographies in Somalia.","authors":"Mohamed Hussein Kahow, Salad Ahmed Halane, Asma Ali, Rashed Shah","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2391598","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2391598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Decades of conflict, political instability, and limited infrastructure left Somalia facing significant challenges to offer consistent and equitable health services, especially for child vaccination. Recent data reveals alarming vaccination gaps, with 60% of children receiving no vaccinations, and only 11% completing required vaccines. Despite global support, an estimated 1.15 million children remain unvaccinated, half of them reside in inaccessible areas controlled by non-state armed actors. In this context, the Far-Reaching Integrated Delivery (FARID) project was initiated since October 2022 across 10 districts of Galmudug and Hirshabelle state in Somalia. Employing the 'Health Camp' model, FARID addresses social, structural, and gender barriers, adapting to ever-changing context of inaccessible regions by providing mobile health facilities and outreach health and nutrition services, including child vaccination. This approach effectively reached previously unreached population in Somalia's most difficult-to-reach areas. Implemented in phases, the project immunized 51,168 children (0-23 months) who had not received any prior vaccinations (23,753 boys and 27,415 girls), screened and treated 14,158 malnourished children (0-59 months) and vaccinated 11,672 pregnant women during March-December 2023. The project's success hinges on intensive community engagement, local partnerships, innovation in mapping and data management, and delivery of integrated services tailored to population needs. The project underscores the critical role of local community-based organizations and clan elders in reaching inaccessible populations through humanitarian negotiation amidst security challenges. The project has achieved significant milestones aligned with national health strategic plans, including progress towards universal health coverage and improved immunization access in Somalia's most challenging regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2391598"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11378116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between maternal haemoglobin status during pregnancy and children's mental and psychomotor development at 18 months of age: Evidence from rural Bangladesh.","authors":"Sayedur Rahman, Lina Wallberg, Anisur Rahman, Eva-Charlotte Ekström, Maria Kippler, Jena D Hamadani, Syed Moshfiqur Rahman","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2390269","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2390269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anaemia is commonly caused by iron deficiency and screened by haemoglobin (Hb) concentration in blood. There is a scarcity of longitudinal data on the relationship between maternal Hb levels during pregnancy and neurodevelopment in children.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To measure the relationship of maternal Hb concentrations during pregnancy on early child development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 1,720 mother-child dyads in rural Bangladesh. Maternal Hb concentrations were measured at 14 and 30 weeks of gestation. The child's Mental Developmental Index (MDI) and Psychomotor Developmental Index (PDI) at 18 months of age were measured using Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-II). Data on socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometrics, mothers' IQ and children's home stimulation were also collected. Bivariate and multivariable-adjusted linear regression analyses were used to explore associations of maternal Hb with child development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean Hb concentrations at 14 and 30 weeks of gestation were 116.6 g/L (±12.7) and 114.7 g/L (±12.7), respectively. Mean MDI and PDI scores among 18-month-old children were 78.9 (±12.4) and 93.8 (±13.7), respectively. Maternal 14-week Hb concentration was correlated with PDI (<i>r</i> = 0.06; <i>p</i> < 0.05) and 30-week Hb concentrations was correlated with MDI (<i>r</i> = 0.05; <i>p</i> < 0.05). Multivariable adjusted linear regression analysis showed that an increase in 14-week Hb concentrations increased the PDI scores among boys (β = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.16). Hb concentrations at 30 weeks of gestation were not associated with MDI or PDI scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher maternal Hb concentrations at 14 weeks of gestation were associated with higher PDI among 18-month-old boys in Bangladesh.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2390269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11360636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women's empowerment as a determinant of neonatal mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa: a narrative review focused on Nigeria.","authors":"Joel-Medewase Victor Idowu, Wada Zechariah Ojima, Sayomi Bukola Adetutu, Adetoye Mayowa Mary, Ashaolu Joseph Oluwakayode, Olowolafe Tubosun Alex","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2394256","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2394256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonatal mortality remains a critical public health issue, with Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experiencing disproportionately high rates compared to other global regions. Notably, SSA and South Asia are the regions most lagging behind the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.2, aiming for <12 neonatal deaths per 1,000 live births by 2030. Within SSA, Nigeria, the most populous country, records the highest number of neonatal deaths annually. Given the structural similarities among SSA nations, this narrative review, focusing on Nigeria, explores effective strategies to reduce the neonatal mortality gap. Information about trends, risk factors, and prevalent lapses was obtained from literature from renowned databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, and grey literature consisting of reports from relevant governmental and non-governmental organizations. Critical risk factors commonly identified include inadequate antenatal care (less than three visits), lack of access to skilled and clean birth practices, limited healthcare accessibility, financial barriers, substandard environmental conditions, and nutritional shortfalls. This review highlights women's empowerment as an additional critical factor, often overlooked, in the efforts to decrease neonatal mortality rates. Improving women's empowerment indices, such as the Gender Inequality Index (GII), employment, and literacy, offers a promising avenue to curtail neonatal mortality rates in Nigeria and across SSA sustainably. While this is potentially a long-term solution, short and medium-term recommendations were also proffered. By integrating women's empowerment within a broader strategy to improve maternal and newborn health, Nigeria can advance towards securing a healthier future for its youngest population.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2394256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11360643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building a culture of quality in maternal and newborn health: experience from the quality, equity and dignity network in Ethiopia.","authors":"Anene Tesfa Berhanu, Asebe Amenu Tufa, Seblewengel Lemma, Geremew Gonfa, Theodros Getachew, Desalegn Bekele, Fitsum Kibret, Nehla Djellouli, Tim Colbourn, Tanya Marchant","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2433576","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2433576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Building a culture of quality is vital for sustaining high-quality healthcare, emphasising shared values and continuous improvement. The Quality Equity and Dignity (QED) network was a global initiative working toward this objective, focusing on maternal and newborn health. This paper aims to describe how QED influenced five identified attributes of quality culture in Ethiopia: leadership, people-centered interventions, collaboration, rewards, and ownership towards building and sustaining a culture of quality in healthcare establishments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative study, conducted at two points six months apart, incorporated data from key informant interviews, observations, and document reviews. It included 18 national and 22 sub-national key informant interviews, seven facility observations, and one technical working group meeting observation. Data analysis was performed using NVivo 12 software, focusing on identified thematic areas related to quality culture.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Leadership was crucial for building a quality culture in Ethiopia, and the QED network strengthened government leadership structures, although leadership capacity and staff turnover were challenges. QED enhanced people-centered care and data tracking, but the added data focus burdened healthcare workers. Opportunities for collaboration and shared learning were facilitated, although not accessible to all actors. Motivation and rewards encouraged good performance, but addressing intrinsic behavioral change remained a challenge.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Achieving high-quality healthcare involves more than tools and infrastructure; it requires a cultural shift with behavior change consistently demonstrated at various levels. The QED network faced challenges in building a culture of quality but serves as an exemplary initiative for other networks to learn from.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2433576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11613407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining health equity in Nepal's climate change and health policies through the lens of environmental justice: insights from a content analysis.","authors":"Sudeepa Khanal, Rehana Shrestha, Melanie Boeckmann","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2432069","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2432069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Climate change presents a multifaceted challenge with unequal health implications, particularly for vulnerable populations with limited adaptive capacity. Socioeconomic factors are intricately linked with environmental health outcomes and environmental factors significantly exacerbate existing health inequities. Health equity as a goal of environmental justice can address these issues.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the integration of health equity within climate change and health policy documents in Nepal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a qualitative content analysis approach based on Schlosberg's framework of environmental justice, we analyzed the coverage of health equity considerations in climate and health policies, assessing aspects of distribution, recognition, and participation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one national-level policies, strategies, and plans/guidelines on climate change and health were analyzed. Nepal's policy documents lack clear definitions of health equity in relation to climate change, and related terms are used inconsistently. Health vulnerability is often addressed broadly rather than specifically. Health equity-related statements from environmental justice viewpoint vary across sectors. Many documents emphasize equitable distribution of resources and benefits, with participation in decision-making processes being the least discussed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Nepal, lack of shared understanding of health equity across sectors hinders coordinated policy efforts. There is an urgent need to expand climate change responses to consider specific health vulnerabilities. By positioning health equity as a key element of environmental justice, this study provides a broader perspective on climate change-related health equity that could encourage collaborative action between the environment and health sectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2432069"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11610355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescent mental health in sub-Saharan Africa: crisis? What crisis? Solution? What solution?","authors":"Claire Hart, Shane A Norris","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2437883","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2437883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Addressing adolescent mental health care across sub-Saharan Africa faces numerous challenges, including underfunded public health systems, a shortage of mental health professionals, barriers to access, and pervasive stigma. Untreated adolescents often experience worsening symptoms, academic and social difficulties, physical health risks, and engage in risky behaviours. Early detection and appropriate treatment of common mental health conditions can support adolescents in developing robust social and emotional foundations and enhancing their mental well-being. Ensuring adolescents receive the mental health care required for healthy development depends on collaborative, evidence-based solutions that consider the contextual challenges of sub-Saharan Africa. Innovative community-based solutions to mental health services may significantly improve accessibility and support adolescents close to their homes and schools. For example, co-creation and peer-delivered interventions with professional supervision may enhance uptake and reduce stigma. This short article adds to the current debate arguing for working with communities and implementing community mental health services for common mental health conditions. Sensitivity to community-specific challenges and building referral networks are crucial for effective care. Investing in these strategies, alongside increasing mental health literacy, could lead to affordable and significant interventions to address adolescent mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2437883"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11749116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143014828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and social determinants of smoking among men in Mauritius: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Miguel San Sebastián, Tuomilehto Jaakko, Stefan Söderberg, Paul Zimmet, Bhushan Ori, Jaysing Heecharan, Osvaldo Fonseca-Rodríguez, Sudhirsen Kowlessur","doi":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2367415","DOIUrl":"10.1080/16549716.2024.2367415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mauritius has implemented a range of stringent policies to control smoking and promote public health. Regular monitoring focuses on the prevalence of tobacco use, yet there is a gap in understanding its socio-economic patterns.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of tobacco smoking and to identify the social determinants associated with smoking among men in Mauritius in 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional population-based study conducted by the Ministry of Health and Wellness during 2021. In total, 3622 individuals participated (response rate of 84.1%), of which 1663 were men (45.9%). The study mainly focused on men given the low prevalence of smoking among women. Daily smoking was the outcome and a series of sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors were included as independent variables. Prevalence ratios (PR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated to fulfill the study objective.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of smoking among men was 30.4%. People in the 25-34 age group (PR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.12-2.41), those separated, divorced or widowed (PR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.16-2.11), the ethnic groups Muslim-Mauritians (PR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.00-2.89) and Creoles (PR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.16-3.35), and those with secondary (PR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.00-1.67) and primary education (PR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.10-1.98) were statistically significantly associated with daily smoking.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although a gradual decline in smoking prevalence was observed compared with the previous 2015 survey, the Ministry of Health and Wellness should persist in fortifying its anti-smoking measures and concentrate on crafting tailored interventions aimed at the vulnerable groups identified in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":49197,"journal":{"name":"Global Health Action","volume":"17 1","pages":"2367415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11191822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141428085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}